城市造林工程农户行为意向影响因素研究——以北京市平原造林工程为例

以北京市平原造林工程为例,利用典型项目区调查数据建立结构方程模型,探讨影响退耕农户行为意向的主要因素。结果表明:农户综合素质、家庭经济基础和农户土地依赖性对农户满意度和农户行为意向具有显著正向影响;同时,农户综合素质、家庭经济基础和农户土地依赖性还会通过农户满意度对农户行为意向产生影响。据此,后续城市造林过程中应进一步加强对农户满意度的服务工作,同时根据个体农户特征,对被征地农户在再就业、技能培训、农地补偿等方面开展更具针对性的服务工作。

Study on the Influencing Factors of Farmers' Behavioral Intention in Urban Afforestation Project: Taking Beijing Plain Afforestation Project as an Example

⑴ Background——The integration of the first phase of Beijing Afforestation Project and the smooth development of the second phase of the project are inseparable from the support and cooperation of farmers. On this basis,the study of the relationship between farmers' satisfaction and their behavior intentions in plain afforestation project has important practical significance for improving farmers' intention to participate in the afforestation project,enthusiasm for construction and maintenance work,and optimization of project implementation.⑵ Methods——Based on the theoretical analysis,a theoretical model was constructed,and 8 research hypotheses were proposed. Then,through actual survey data,the relevant hypotheses of the model were verified one by one by SEM.⑶ Results——First,the satisfaction of farmers on the plain afforestation project will directly affect their subsequent behavior intentions,and the satisfaction of farmers on afforestation projects is affected by the overall quality of farmers and their dependence on land. Specifically,the impact on farmers' behavior intentions is:satisfaction with ecological benefits>satisfaction with compensation benefits>satisfaction with management effectiveness>satisfaction with social benefits>satisfaction with economic benefits. Second,the overall quality of the head of household has a significant positive impact on farmers' behavior intentions. Specifically,the impact on farmers' behavior intentions is: family culture level >age of the head of household >familiarity of family owners with afforestation project>re-employment opportunities of the head of household. Third,the land dependence of farmers has a significant positive impact on farmers' behavior intentions. Specifically,the impact on the farmers' behavior intentions is: family land area>net income change of household land>percentage of household land income in total income. Fourth,the economic foundation of farmers has a significant positive impact on farmers' behavior intentions. Specifically,the impact on the farmers' behavior intentions is as follows: the total number of family workers> the total income of the family > the non-agricultural employment of the family. Finally,the study finds that the satisfaction of farmers has a partial mediating effect on farmers' behavior intentions. This shows that the three variables of comprehensive quality,family economic foundation and land dependence of farmers can not only affect the behavior of farmers but also their behavior intentions.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——First,to improve farmers' behavior intention of forest area maintenance and land transfer should focus on improving farmers' satisfaction with existing afforestation results. Second,according to the education level and health status of farmers,increasing skills training and promoting farmers' reemployment can alleviate farmers' dependence on land and mobilize their enthusiasm for land transfer and afforestation. Finally,based on the plain afforestation project,the coordinated development of tourism industry such as accommodation,catering and transportation will help promote the shift of farmers from farming to participation in tourism and service industries,and weaken the "survival guarantee"function of cultivated land,thereby enhancing farmers' enthusiasm to maintain the achievements of existing forest areas construction and the initiative to transfer land to afforestation.