论退耕的分类

依据不同的标准,退耕可以分为不同的类别。按退耕的主要目的分,可分为生态退耕和非生态退耕;按耕地退耕后的利用方式划分,可划分为退耕还林、退耕还草和退耕还湖以及退耕后林草结合、灌草结合等结合类型;按退耕过程中人工干预程度的大小,又可以划分以人工恢复植被为主的退耕和以自然恢复植被为主的退耕两大类。并特别以耕地退耕前的存在状态或所处位置作为分类标准,重点对坡耕地退耕、沙漠化耕地的退耕、盐碱化耕地的退耕、生态重点区域耕地的退耕以及风景名胜区耕地的退耕的意义和作用作了较为细致的阐述和分析。

Study on the Classification of Converting Farmland Back to Forest or Grassland, etc

According to different standards,the conversion from farmland back to forest or grassland,etc can be classified respectively.According to the main object,the conversion can be classified to "ecological conversion" and "non-ecological conversion".According to the land use type of farmland after converting,the conversion can be classified to "conversion from farmland back to forest","conversion from farmland back to grassland","conversion from farmland back to lake","conversion from farmland back to forest and grassland","conversion from farmland back to bush land and grassland"etc.According to the degree of artificial intervening in the conversion process,the conversion can be divided into two kinds——conversion that restores vegetation mainly depending on artificial force and that mainly depending on natural force.This paper specially takes the existing condition or location of the farmland to be converted as standard.So"the conversion of sloping farmland","the conversion of decertified farmland","the conversion of saline-alkalized farmland","the conversion of farmland in key ecological zone" and "the conversion of farmland in/around scenic spots"are differentiated and analyzed emphatically.