基于市民偏好的北京城市社区园林绿化布局研究

在2017年北京市五环路范围以内1052位受访市民的问卷调查的基础上,采用多元Logit模型对市民的偏好进行了实证分析,探究了不同城市园林绿化布局方案与包括市民个体特征、家庭特征、市民化特征以及园林绿化特征在内的诸多因素之间的关联及影响关系,并就北京市民选择各种园林绿化布局方案的概率进行了估计。研究结果表明:⑴北京市民普遍偏好于以自然形态实施建设的园林绿化布局方式,而市民对于园林绿化的人为管护的需求同样客观存在;⑵市民的年龄越大、收入越高,每年在京居住月份越多、每年去公园次数和在公园支出越多,他们就越偏好于自然形态的园林绿化选择,反之越偏好于人工形态的园林绿化选择;⑶市民的学历越高、家庭规模越大、距公园的距离越远,他们就越偏好于人工形态的园林绿化选择,反之越偏好于自然形态的园林绿化选择;⑷性别和居住年限因素未产生显著性影响。基于研究结论提出建议:应统筹城市园林绿化布局建设的自然与人工属性,增强城市园林绿化布局建设的实用性,提升城市园林绿化政策制定的市民参与程度。

Study on the Selection of Urban Residential Area Greening in Beijing Based on Public Preference

⑴ Background——Landscape greening is an important part of urban environmental construction. It plays an important role in improving the quality of city's ecological environment and improving the quality of life of citizens. From the perspective of public cognition,choice and preference,this study conducted empirical analysis of citizens' landscape greening preference and corresponding influencing factors,analyzed the relation and influence among different urban landscape greening programme and factors as citizens' individual characteristics,family characteristics,urbanization characteristics and landscape features,and the probability of citizens' selections on various different urban landscape greening programme is estimated as well.⑵ Methods——Based on the actual situation of urban landscaping greening in Beijing,the study adopted stratified sampling and typical sampling method in selecting research sites,and 25 typical communities within the 5 th Ring Road in Beijing were selected,and the survey respondents were identified as the citizens within the5 th Ring Road in Beijing. The project team of the study conducted a questionnaire survey of 1052 in January2017. The study chose the structural disorder multiple selection Logit model,with which the study compares citizens' choice of the disordered selection of various urban landscaping greening forms.⑶ Results——⑴As for the individual and family characteristics,junior people have a strong demand for park facilities and management,while senior citizens tend to pay more attention to parks' natural environment qualities; lower educated people have not enough understanding of the landscaping,so they are not much preferred to various improvements; the life rhythm of office employees is fast and regular,they have strong demand for artificial facilities,while freelancers and school students prefer the natural form of urban landscaping; low income people and high income people focus on the natural form of landscape greening,while middle-income people stress the modern city form of garden greening; ⑵As for the characteristics of the urbanization,in recent years,the urbanization of Beijing has caused great damage to the natural environment,so the citizens are much more prefer the pure natural form of urban landscaping greening; and with the increase of citizens' stay and residence time in Beijing,their cognition and demand for landscape greening will be deepened; therefore,the demand for improving management and the preferences for natural environment will increase correspondingly; ⑶As for the urban landscape greening characteristics,the citizens' awareness will be increased with the increase of their use and frequency of landscape greening.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——⑴The establishment of a kind of urban garden greening composed of "external nature and inner modernity"is the hope of most people in Beijing. The construction of urban landscaping greening in Beijing cannot be separated from the development of society,economy and culture. Beijing should take the coupling of ecological and social benefits as the goal and pay more attention to the simultaneous improvement of urban function and environment; ⑵The ultimate goal of urban landscaping greening construction is to meet the needs of citizens' continuous developing and changing needs. The construction of urban landscaping greening should be carried out from the differences among the different groups of citizens,and the practicability of the urban landscaping should be reflected; ⑶The feedback of the citizens is an important basis for improving and perfecting the construction of urban landscaping,Beijing needs to allow its citizens to participate in the formulation process of urban landscaping policy,so that the policy of urban landscaping can truly reflect the preferences of citizens and meet the needs of them.