集体林权制度改革的经济学分析

运用新制度经济学与微观经济学相关理论分析了中国集体林权制度存在交易成本极高、"搭便车"行为、"败德"行为、"少数派"侵占"多数派"利益、不能满足林农个体偏好多样性等经济缺陷,而集体林权制度改革能够克服上述经济缺陷,具有对林业经营主体进行激励与约束、将林业负外部性内在化、改变林业资源配置方式和提高配置效率等经济功能,并提出了实现其经济功能的途径:通过完善林权的排他性、可分割性、可转让性和安全性使林农拥有真正的私人产权;同时取消对商品林的采伐限额制度。

The Economic Analysis to Collective Forest Property Right Institution Reform

Using the theory of new institutional economics and micro-economic,this paper analysis some economic shortcomings of china's collective forestry property right institution,such as high transaction costs,"free-rider"behavior,"defeated moral"behavior,minority possessing majority's interests,not meeting the individual preferences diversity of forestry farmers and so on.The reformation of collective forest property right institution will be able to overcome these economic shortcomings,and stimulate and restrain the main of administration,transform forestry negative external to internal,change the allocating way of forestry resources,improve the allocation efficiency.And proposes the way to implement the economy functions of reformation:the country has to give the forestry farmers real private property rights through improving the exclusive,segmentation,transformation and security of forestry property right,and abolish the cutting quota institution at the same time.