影子银行体系监管改革的国际经验及其对中国的启示

全球金融危机过后,影子银行体系的监管改革问题前所未有地成为各国金融当局普遍关注的热点,以美国为代表的发达经济体掀起了一场旨在规范影子银行体系发展的金融监管体制改革。本文的研究表明,过度金融创新以及金融监管的缺失是刺激美国影子银行体系迅速发展的直接原因。然而,危机过后,美国并未简单地采取抑制金融创新的办法加强对影子银行体系的监管,而是通过金融监管机构改革以及提高微观金融数据的采集与分析的办法,规范和引导影子银行体系的健康发展。这种市场化的监管改革思路值得我们借鉴。从影子银行体系的运行机制以及发展来看,中国的影子银行体系与美国存在较大差异,但全面强化宏观审慎金融监管是我国金融监管体制改革的大势所趋。在此情况下,美国金融监管改革的经验值得我们认真总结和研究。最后,本文认为,中国应当继续深化金融体制改革;积极探索现行金融监管框架的改革;加强微观金融数据的收集与整合,完善宏观金融风险预警机制。

International Experience and its System Inspiration to China of the Shadow Banking Supervision Reform

After the global financial crisis, regulatory reform of the shadow banking system attract the world attention. United States, as a representative of the developed economies launched the reform of financial supervision a campaign to regulate the development of the shadow banking system. There are differences of operating mechanism from the shadow banking system and the development between China and US, but the comprehensive strengthening supervision of macro Prudential financial regulation is the general trend of China＇s financial system reform. In this case, the United States financial regulatory reform experience are worth summarizing and researching. Finally, this paper thinks, China should continue to deepen the reform of the financial system; and actively explore the reform of the financial regulatory framework; to strengthen the collection and integration of micro financial data, improve the macro financial risk early warning mechanism.