The effectiveness of the ECB’s unconventional monetary policy: Comparative evidence from crisis and non-crisis Euro-area countries |
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Institution: | 1. German Federal Ministry of Finance, Wilhelmstr. 97, 10117 Berlin, Germany;2. Free University of Berlin, School of Business & Economics, Institute of East European Studies, Garystr. 55, 14195 Berlin, Germany;1. Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Business Economics, Department of Comparative Economics, Szép str. 2., 1053, Budapest, Hungary;2. Freie Universität Berlin, School of Business & Economics, Institute for East European Studies, Garystrasse 55, 14195, Berlin, Germany;1. European Central Bank, Germany;2. University College Dublin, Ireland |
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Abstract: | During the European financial crisis, the European Central Bank implemented a series of unconventional monetary policy measures. We argue that these programs lowered the bond yield spreads of Euro-area countries. This hypothesis is tested using pooled OLS estimations and two different datasets: monetary policy event dummies and the purchase volumes of the Securities Markets Programme (SMP). Overall, we find significantly negative effects on bond yield spreads for both datasets, leading us to accept the hypothesis. While the OMT reduces the spreads of both crisis and non-crisis countries, LTROs and the lowering of the deposit rate to 0 percent are mainly effective in non-crisis countries. The SMP lowers the spreads of crisis countries, but it has the opposite effect on non-crisis countries. This converse effect is explained by the risk that increasingly accumulates on the ECB’s balance sheet through the SMP and that way constitutes a fiscal risk for non-crisis countries. The results are confirmed by pooled OLS estimations that measure the effect of unconventional monetary policy on central government debt. |
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Keywords: | Sovereign bond yield spreads Unconventional monetary policy Monetary policy events Securities Markets Programme Outright Monetary Transactions European Central Bank Central government debt E52 E58 F33 F34 F37 F42 F45 |
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