Civil liberties and social and environmental information transparency: A global investigation of financial institutions |
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| Institution: | 1. Deakin University, Burwood, Australia;2. University of Aberdeen Business School, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom;3. Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand;1. Universidad EAFIT, Carrera 49, 7 Sur-50, 050022, Medellín, Colombia;2. Universitat Jaume I. Universidad Jaume I, Campus Riu Sec, Ed.Ampliación de Biblioteca, 12071, Castellón, Spain;3. Universitat de València. Instituto de Economía Internacional, Departamento de Contabilidad, Avenida de los Naranjos, 46071, Valencia, Spain;1. University of South Australia, Business, Adelaide, South Australia, SA, 5000, Australia;2. Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia;3. University of Pretoria, Department of Financial Management, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa;1. Department of Management & Innovation Systems, University of Salerno, Italy;2. Department of Business and Economics, Parthenope University of Naples, Italy;3. Department of Accounting, Aston Business School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK;4. Department of Economics and Management, University of Pisa, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Civil liberties enable the media, social movements, and other stakeholders to expect companies to be more transparent and forthcoming with relevant social and environmental information. Drawing on social movement theory in general, and the notion of civil liberty in particular, we analyse the availability of social and environmental information of 300 financial companies from 50 countries over a nine-year period, to investigate the influence of country-level civil liberties on the availability of social and environmental information.We find that companies headquartered in countries with high levels of civil liberties make more social and environmental information publicly available than companies headquartered in countries with low levels of civil liberties. Furthermore, an improvement in civil liberties in countries with lower civil liberties has a bigger impact on changes in the availability of social and environmental information.Our research is relevant for the ongoing concerns of social and environmental transparency initiatives by governments, NGOs, and civil rights organisations. Policy implications for countries with lower civil liberties (typical developing nations) are that if they wish to encourage more transparent corporate information, they need to strengthen their country-level civil liberties. |
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| Keywords: | Social movements Civil liberties Corporate social and environmental information disclosure Transparency Financial institutions |
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