资本金缺口及各种补充方式利弊分析

资本金来源渠道狭窄,未能建立起动态的可随时补充资本金的良好机制是中国商业银行资本充足率偏低的主要原因。目前国内商业银行资本金补充的需求量相当大并且是动态增长的,为了应对WTO的挑战,需要尽快补充资本金并建立资本金补充的动态机制。资本金补充的方式多种多样,各种补充方式既有其积极的一面,也有其局限性。而且无论以何种方式补充资本金,都会使商业银行的股权结构和债务比率发生变化,影响商业银行的性质及其股东的控制权。因此,商业银行建立资本金补充的动态机制,就必须对各种补充方式进行有效组合;并且依靠内源融资方式,才能在长期内保持股权结构的稳定。

Capital Deficit and Pros and Cons of Various Capital Replenishing Methods

Narrow capital sources and lack of an operational dynamic mechanism that can readily replenish capital are considered the main cause of low capital adequacy in Chinese commercial banks. Domestic commercial banks have a strong increasing demand for capital replenishment. To meet the challenge from WTO, they should hasten to replenish their capital and set up a dynamic mechanism for capital replenishment. There are ways of capital replenishment. Each has its positive and negative sides. Whichever way is to be employed, share structure and debt ratio of commercial banks will be changed, affecting the nature of commercial banks and controlling power of shareholders. Therefore, to set up a dynamic mechanism for capital replenishment, commercial banks should combine various ways effectively to keep share structure stable for a long time by relying on internal-source-oriented financing method.