我国碳交易市场发展的制约因素及路径选择

面对日益增大的减排压力,中国作为发展中减排大国,建立碳交易市场势在必行。目前,中国发展碳交易市场存在金融参与不足,减排区域分割特性明显,在国际碳交易市场中缺乏定价权,中介服务能力欠缺和制度不规范等制约因素。借鉴发达国家碳交易市场的发展经验,本文提出了如下发展中国碳交易市场的路径:首先,设定碳排放权限额,确保碳排放权的非公共物品化;其次,依托现有排污权交易市场开展碳排放权交易,建立碳排权现货与期货市场;第三,明确政府定位,完善碳交易市场监督与管理。

The Restraints and Path Choice of the Development of Chinese Carbon Market

Under the increasing pressure from carbon emission reduction,it is imperative for China,a large developing country with enormous volume of carbon emission reduction,to establish carbon market mechanism.For now,there are many factors restraining the development of Chinese carbon market,such as insufficient participation of financial institutions,region-dependent segmentation in emission reduction activities,lack of pricing power in global carbon market,weak service ability of intermediary agents and imperfect rules and regulations.Drawing reference from carbon market in developed countries,the paper puts forward the pathway to develop Chinese carbon market as follows.The first step is to set the cap,which will make the carbon emission right valuable non-public goods.The second step is to establish spot and futures market for carbon emission right based on present pollution-discharge right trade.Last but not least,we should pay attention to proper orientation of the government and improve supervision and management in carbon market.