我国商业银行小企业的融资担保研究--关于第二顺位担保物权在反担保中的具体运用

在小企业信贷业务中,当借款人提供的自有抵押物价值不足以为借款提供全额担保时,银行通常会要求增加融资担保机构作为保证人,同时要求融资担保机构承诺在借款人违约时,放弃法律赋予的物保优先抗辩权,先行履行保证责任,再处分抵押物。在我国现行法律框架下,融资担保机构在向借款人行使追偿权欲处分抵押物时困难重重,不利于保障其追偿权的实现。本文从发展的观点出发,建议在借款人已抵押给银行的财产上设定第二顺位担保物权,对融资担保机构提供反担保,从而解决融资担保机构在履行银行债务之后向借款人追偿难的问题,有利于促进我国小企业贷款市场的发展。

On the Financing Guarantee of Small-Sized Enterprises by Commercial Banks in China--Application of Second Secured Property Rights in Reverse Guarantee

In the credit business of small enterprises, in case the mortgage provided is not equal to the total value of the loan, the bank would usually engage a guaranteeing organization as a guarantor, who is required to abandon the legal-endowed priority demur right of the poverty and pay the bank prior to disposing of the mortgage. Under the present legal framework in our country, the guaranteeing organization finds it very hard to exercise their recourse by disposing of the secured property. Such situation is disadvantageous to realizing their right of recourse. This article, from the development perspective, suggests that the borrower establish secured property rights and provide a reverse guarantee to the guaranteeing organization for the property pledged to the bank so as to solve the problem of reimbursement after paying off banking liabilities and promote the development of credit market for small-sized enterprises.