互联网金融对商业银行风险承担的影响研究——基于中国30家商业银行的实证分析

为了研究互联网金融对商业银行风险承担的影响,本文以2009—2018年互联网金融对中国30家典型商业银行风险承担影响的数据为基础,运用动态面板广义矩估计方法对互联网金融对我国商业银行风险承担的影响进行了研究与分析。结果表明:(1)互联网金融对我国商业银行风险承担的影响呈现倒U形分布,即互联网金融发展初期通过抢占市场份额,加剧了行业竞争,抢占了商业银行利润,进而加大了商业银行风险承担的成本;但随着商业银行对互联网前沿技术的不断融合、金融产品服务的创新以及风险管控水平的提升,商业银行风险承担的成本下降。(2)面对互联网金融的冲击,不同类型商业银行对风险承担反应具有异质性:在宏观层面,大型国有银行拥有庞大的资产规模和政策保障,对其冲击反应较为滞后;股份制银行和城市商业银行缺乏上述优势,对其冲击反映较为敏感,但股份制银行后期风险承担显著下降;农村商业银行因主要服务于乡村建设,受其影响较为有限。在微观层面,面对互联网金融的冲击,与资本充足率和流动性水平较低的大型商业银行相比,资本充足率和流动性水平较高的小规模商业银行风险承担显著增加。

Research on the Impact of Internet Finance on the Risk Taking of Commercial Banks ——Based on the Empirical Analysis of 30 Commercial Banks in China

This paper selected the data of 30 commercial banks in China from 2009 to 2018 as the research sample,using the dynamic panel generalized moment estimation method to empirically analyze the impact of internet finance on the risk taking of China's commercial Banks.The study finds that:(1)internet finance's effect on the risk taking in China's commercial banks shows an inverted U-shaped trend,namely,in the early stage of the development of internet finance,by seizing market share,industry competition gets to be intensified and the profits of the commercial banks are preempted,thus,the costs of the risk taking of the commercial banks are expanded;but the costs above mentioned will be reduced with the gradual integration of the advantaged internet technologies and the commercial banks,the innovation of the financial product service and the promotion of the risk management and control;(2)faced with the impact of internet finance,different types of commercial banks'response to risk taking are heterogeneous:at the macro level,state-owned banks have large assets scale and the policy supporting and lag in responding to such an impact;while the stock-holding and the urban commercial banks are pretty sensitive to the impact due to their lack of above advantages,but the risk taking of the stock-holding banks shows prominent reduction in the later period;its influence on the rural commercial banks is limited because they mainly offer services to the rural construction.At the micro level,compared with the larger commercial banks which have adequate capital ratio and low mobility,the small commercial banks'risk taking remarkably increases while facing with the shock of internet finance.