战后美国个人部门金融资产结构发展分析

中国GDP仅占全球7.3%,却掌握着约占全球25%的外汇储备。随着外汇储备不断增长,如何使用以实现效益最大化,已引起各方关注。本研究主要从以下两个视角展开:一是公共财政视角;二是金融视角。我国外汇储备资产具有财政与金融双重属性,决定了我国外汇储备资产运用上的双重功能:一方面,外汇储备的经济属性表明,外汇储备不是政府的财政性资金,不能无偿划拨和使用,需要作为资产来运用与管理;另一方面,在我国特殊的外汇管理体制下,经由外汇占款形成的外汇储备,构成基础货币的一个部分,这部分外汇储备实际上是政府通过货币发行权而获得的铸币税收入,是政府的财政性资金,从公平角度出发,这部分资金应该用于公共领域,以提高国民福利。

The Post-War Development of the Financial Asset Structure in the U.S.Personal Sector

China' s GDP accounts for 7.3% of the world total,but it has 25% foreign exchange reserves in the world.With the continuous increase of foreign exchange reserves,how to maximize the benefit has attracted great attention.The paper mainly studies the following two aspects:public finance and financial policy.China' s foreign exchange reserves have both fiscal and financial natures and therefore possess dual functions.On one hand,from the perspective of their economic attribute,the foreign exchange reserves are...