评西方对人民币均衡汇率的评估

宏观经济平衡方法和扩展的购买力平价方法是西方常用的衡量人民币均衡汇率的方法。宏观经济平衡方法主要用来测算为达到对外收支均衡,实际汇率需要作出的变动,但该方法计算基本经常账户时需要作出取舍,且难以预期经济结构变化对一国对外收支状况的影响,具有扩大实际汇率的低估或高估等弊端。扩展的购买力平价方法直接通过单一等式测算均衡实际汇率,但应用该方法会夸大人民币汇率低估的程度。由于这些方法存在弊端,人民币均衡汇率难以确定,因此,西方指责人民币汇率严重低估,从而构成对中国出口产品的补贴或倾销的论调难以成立。

Comments on Western Scholars" Measurements of RMB's Equilibrium Exchange Rate

Western scholars usually adopt macro-economy balance framework and purchasing power parity theory to measure RMB's equilibrium exchange rate. However, these two approaches are to a large extent dependent on several factors, which could not be uniform for different researchers. Thus the same approach could lead to different results. For this specific reason, the claims by some western scholars that current RMB's exchange rate is seriously under value should be reexamined.