社区养老服务政策实施效果评价体系构建及其应用——以西安市为例

随着我国人口老龄化、空巢化和高龄化趋势凸显,养老问题已成为我国社会各界高度关注的焦点。由于家庭结构的变化和子女数量的减少,传统的家庭养老方式已经不能满足社区老人养老的需求。如何以社区为依托和载体,使之承担和发挥其养老服务功能,成为理论和实践上需要迫切研究的重大问题。本文基于社会支持理论和关键绩效指标模型理论,采用德尔菲法,构建社区养老服务政策的实施效果评价指标体系并赋予各指标的权重系数,结合西安市调查数据,得出社区养老服务政策实施效果的评价结果,依此提出改善社区环境、以需求为导向提供多元化服务、建立第三方评价机构等对策建议。

The Establishment and Application of the Evaluation System Concerning Community Elderly Care Policies-Take Xi'an as an Example

With the intensification of China's aging population,empty nest and aging trend,pension problem has become the focus of all walks of society.As a result of changes in family structure and reduction in the number of children,traditional way of family support for the elderly has been unable to meet the needs of their pension.How to rely on the community support and let it undertake and play its function in pension services become a major issue needs to be studied urgently both in theory and practice.This paper is based on social support theory and key performance index model theory,using the Delphi method to construct the implementation effect evaluation index system of the community endowment service policy and give the weight coefficient of each index.Combined with the survey data of Xi'an City,we can obtain a result of the implementation evaluation of community pension services policy and put forward accordingly the countermeasures such as the improvement of community environment,the diversified services provisions based on the elder's needs and establishment of third party professional evaluation institution and etc.