基于分工理念的开发性普惠金融：功能定位与比较优势

开发性普惠金融建立在不同层次经济主体之间的产业链分工合作基础之上。经济思想史的研究表明，人类每一次分工形式的变化，都带来了经济发展质的飞跃。分工促进经济增长、劳动分工促进规模农业发展以及金融影响劳动分工的思想能够成为开发性普惠金融的理论基础。为了解决经济发展不平衡、不充分问题，应将普惠金融纳入基于供给侧结构性改革的新的劳动分工范畴，在农村及欠发达地区建立新型集体化生产经营方式。为欠发达地区、欠发达产业特别是农村经济的转型升级提供金融支持是开发性普惠金融的功能定位。开发性普惠金融的比较优势在于：促进欠发达地区产业兴旺，从根本上改善城乡收入不平等状况，缓解农户和农村小微企业的融资约束，有助于金融机构实现风险控制与收益的有机统一。

The Exploitation Oriented Inclusive Finance Based on Division of Labor: Function Orientation and Comparative Advantage

Exploitation-oriented inclusive finance is based on the division and cooperation of industrial chains among economic bodies at different levels. The research of economic thought history show that every change in division of labor brings a leap of economic development. The thoughts about division of labor promoting economic growth, division of labor boosting development of scale agriculture and finance influencing division of labor can build the theoretical basis of exploitation-oriented inclusive finance. For solving the problem of unbalanced economic development, inclusive finance should be brought into the new division of labor based on the supply-side structural reform and a new type of collectivized production and management should be established in the rural areas and underdeveloped areas. It is the function orientation of exploitation-oriented inclusive finance that providing financial supports for underdeveloped areas and underdeveloped industries, especially for the transformation and upgrading of rural economy. The comparative advantages of exploitation-oriented inclusive finance include: promoting industrial prosperity in underdeveloped areas, alleviating the income inequality between urban and rural areas fundamentally, easing the financing constraints on farmers, small and micro rural enterprises as well as helping to unite financial institutions'' risk control and return organically.