人力资本投资对区域旅游经济发展的效应及空间分异——基于省份面板数据的实证

选择教育经费为人力资本投入的替代指标，以1999~2009年31个省市区面板数据为基础，实证研究不同省市区人力资本投资对旅游经济发展的效应。结果显示，人力资本投资属于明显的长期投资，对旅游经济的效用在短期内很难体现出来，但是长期效用十分显著；人力资本投资对区域旅游经济发展的效应存在着明显的空间分异特征，这种分异受到旅游地生命周期和边际报酬递减规律的综合影响；应根据区域旅游产业和经济发展的生命周期实际，立足旅游产业升级的需要优化投资结构，提高投资的效率。

An Empirical Study on Effect and Regional Differences of Human Capital Investment on Tourism Economy Development in Provinces Based on Panel Data

Human capital investment has become an important factor influencing the develop-ment of regional tourism economy in China.Taking education expenditure as an alternative indi-cator of human capital investment,based on the panel data of China's 31 provinces from 1 999 to 2009,the paper empirically studied the effect of human capital investment on the regional tourism economic development in different provinces.The result showed that the human capital invest-ment was obviously a long-term investment,and its efficiency of human capital investment needed to be further improved.The human capital investment was obviously long-term investment,and its effectiveness on the tourism economy would hardly appear in the short term,but its long-term benefits were significant.There were clear spatial differentiation of the human capital investment effect on the regional tourism economic development between different provinces,which were mainly affected by the combined effects of the tourism life cycle and the marginal law of diminish-ing returns.It had to optimize the investment structure and improved the investment efficiency of human capital investment based on the actual life cycle of the regional tourism industry and eco-nomic development and the needs of the regional tourism industry upgrading.