Peak event: the rise,crisis and potential decline of the Olympic Games and the World Cup |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Geography and Sustainability, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Tisch Center for Hospitality and Tourism, New York University, 10003, New York, USA;3. Department of Geography, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | This paper tracks the growth of two of the largest tourist events: the Olympic Games and the Football World Cup, drawing on a dataset containing all events between 1964 and 2018. Overall, the size of the three events has grown about 60-fold over the past 50 years, thirteen times faster than world GDP. We identify an S-shaped growth curve and four different growth periods, with an emergent crisis phase in the late 2010s that may have brought us to ‘peak event’ – the point at which these events have reached their largest size. Outlining three different scenarios, we argue that the Olympics and the World Cup are at a critical bifurcation point, which also requires new bidding and hosting policies. |
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Keywords: | Mega-events Modernity Growth Host cities Olympic games Football world cup |
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