社区学校与社区文化建设初探

一、社区学校与社区文化建设的功能 1.社区学校与社区文化的含义 社区就是一个地域内具有某些共同特征的人群在社会生活中所形成的共同体.社区学校是在当地政府的领导下,由社会各企事业单位共同参与的一所承担社区居民知识传播、素质教育和党员政治培训的学校,是一所能发挥个人特长,学习知识和创造财富的学校,是一所能让少年代学有所学,中年代学有所用,老年代学有所乐的融教育文化为一体的学校.     

四大战略升级社区文化

业界流行着这样一个观点:地段会变,景观会变,但社区文化是亘古不变的。很多开发商都在开展社区文化活动。这些社区文化活动,一类是业主自发形成的,另一类是开发商主导的。但是这两种模式都存在一定的弊端。目前,有四大战略是对社区文化的升级。     

城市门禁社区兴起的深层机理

我国现代门禁社区是在社会经济转型的背景下出现的,并与西方门禁社区存在着诸多差异,特别是在流行的原因上,表现出明显的中国化特征。借鉴多种理论,从多个视角探讨了门禁社区在中国流行的深层的经济、社会、政治与文化机理。认为中国城市门禁社区的出现是由转型期特殊的社会生产关系所决定的,社会力量、经济力量、政府力量和个人力量共同推动着门禁社区的形成与发展。     

中小城市社区图书馆建设的思考

社区图书馆是新时代城市建设发展的产物。其在培育社区文化,进行思想、文化知识传播,丰富群众文化生活,促进社区精神文明建设等方面发挥着极其重要的作用,因此,加强社区图书馆建设是社会发展的必然趋势。文章在强调社区图书馆建设重要意义的基础上,全面分析了我国中小城市目前社区图书馆建设存在的问题,提出通过更新观念,提高认识,加强领导,保障经费,强化培训,提高素质,健全体制,畅通信息,资源共享等建设措施,对中小城市社区图书馆建设具有积极的借鉴作用。     

水文化在广州地方性构建中的意义

广州的形成、发展与水息息相关,水文化是广州的重要特质,水文化在广州地方性建构中发挥了重要作用。以“自然的社会建构”为理论视角,重点分析广州水体的主要构成——南海、珠江、湖泊、河涌的发展与演化及其对广州地方性建构的作用和意义,在此基础上透视当下广州水文化面临的现实处境,并提出新时期弘扬广州水文化强化广州城市地方性的若干建议。     

陕南秦岭山区古镇地方性意象解构及规划设计策略研究——以汉阴漩涡文化旅游古镇为例

地方性是一个地方区别于另外一个地方的根本所在,正如"此处"与"它处"的差异一般,是不同地理环境、社会环境、文化环境等要素机制下所形成的一种地域差异规律。因此,地方性成为地域意象解构研究的基本理论方法。基于"地方性"原理视角对古镇意象进行耦合解构分析,探讨地方性视角下古镇文化意象建构的基本特征、过程及规律,从而为古镇形象设计服务。在城镇化快速发展的今天,塑造具有地方性特征的古镇环境形态是创造地方意象的基本条件。     

论社区文化建设

随着我国经济的发展和城市改革的推进,社区文化建设已经出现了良好的发展势头.但是,必须清楚地意识到,我国社区文化建设中仍然存在着一些亟待解决的问题,要想很好地建设我国的社区文化,就必须解决这些问题,而要解决这些问题就必须要统揽全局,不断开拓.     

城镇化背景下的民族旅游社区文化生态环境保护研究

“十一五”期间,我国民族旅游社区经济社会发展成为一大亮点,有力地带动了周围乡村及民族区域经济的发展,与此同时,民族旅游社区文化生态环境又面临着巨大的挑战.在“十二五”时期,尤其是在我国城镇化日趋明显的总体形势下,民族旅游社区如何应对内外部压力,有效保护与传承自身优秀传统文化,以促进民族旅游社区新一轮经济社会发展将是我们...     

西安社区体育文化的发展现状与对策

我国城市社区体育文化是伴随着改革开放政策的实行及经济体制改革逐步深化而发展起来的。本研究主要采用文献资料法、访谈法、数理统计法等多种研究方法,对西安市城区内社区体育现状进行了研究,针对西安市社区体育文化存在的主要问题以及西安社区体育文化的现状提出对策和建议。     

论社区文化建设

随着我国经济的发展和城市改革的推进，社区文化建设已经出现了良好的发展势头。但是，必须清楚地意识到，我国社区文化建设中仍然存在着一些亟待解决的问题，要想很好地建设我国的社区文化，就必须解决这些问题，而要解决这些问题就必须要统揽全局，不断开拓。     

The effect of consumer-to-consumer interactions on idea generation in virtual brand community relationships

Prior studies have indicated that innovative ideas can originate either from intra-sector interactions or from outer-sector interactions (e.g., company-to-customer). However, idea generation in virtual brand communities seems still lacking of empirical research, even though it has become a remarkable issue nowadays. This paper, therefore, investigates the relationship between consumer-to-consumer (C2C) interaction, brand knowledge, and idea generation in virtual brand communities. Our hypotheses are tested on the basis of the analysis of data collected from 228 members of the Mondeo On-line Club in Taiwan. The results indicate that C2C interaction is positively associated with idea generation. The hierarchical moderated regression analysis reveals that “human capital” exerts a significant moderating effect and “brand knowledge” has a partial but significant mediating effect on the relationship between C2C interactions and idea generation.     

Knowledge Commoning: Scaffolding and Technoficing to Overcome Challenges of Knowledge Curation

Extant approaches to information provisioning to farmers to improve agricultural productivity, and thereby alleviate poverty have relied on top-down external expert-driven knowledge. Such external knowledge involves decontextualised content and the use of technical language, and is resource-intensive. An alternative view emphasises the need to explore indigenous knowledge exists in rural communities, which, in contrast, requires the use of local resources, is easily understandable, and has greater potential for adoption. This paper explores how information and communication technologies, specifically videos, can be leveraged to curate such indigenous knowledge and convert it to knowledge commons. Adopting a case study approach that involved multiple sources of data collection over a nine-year period, we unearthed a dynamic process model that we labelled as knowledge commoning. It is a process through which latent-action-oriented knowledge from high-yield farmers embedded within its social context is made available as commons. The creation of knowledge commons is an iterative process between knowledge curation and knowledge dissemination, and is guided by the demand and uptake potential within local farming communities. Further, we describe how socio-cultural barriers in knowledge commoning can be overcome through scaffolding, involving the concealment of social transformation objectives within another goal desired by the community. Technological challenges can be overcome through the process of technoficing, which encompasses pursuing social objectives using technology that is appropriate for the purpose. Building on our process model, we offer contributions to theory, practice, and policy.     

Community leadership cycles and the consolidation of neighbourhood coalitions in the new local governance

The success of the new patterns of local governance depends on engaging communities in a range of partnerships at various geographic scales and administrative levels. In practice, this usually falls to a handful of community leaders in any given locality. Our research on area regeneration partnerships in the UK reveals a community leadership cycle, which proceeds through five phases. The first phase consists of the emergence of a first generation of leaders early on in a partnership, in the second phase their position in the partnership is consolidated and loyalty to the partnership developed, followed by a third phase of the cultivation of a second generation of leaders. Then comes a fourth phase in which the new generation of leaders raise their voices to challenge the established patterns of representation in the partnership. In the final phase, individual leaders exit from the partnership. This community leadership cycle is part of building multi-sector leadership coalitions in the neighbourhoods through strategies combining loyalty, voice and exit.     

The City as Experiential Space: The Production of Shared Meaning

Cities obviously differ from each other. Sociologically, this difference becomes significant when your aim is to ascertain the influence of local factors in a globalizing world or to understand processes of societal differentiation. To do so, scholars in the areas of urban and regional sociology, community research and local policy can turn to a number of theoretical and empirical studies on cities, municipalities, or, less specifically, the local setting as societally formative units that resist global influences. In this article I continue to ask how cities socialize in a way that allows shared experience to emerge in communities. Grounded in the sociology of knowledge shaped by German thinkers such as Max Weber, Alfred Schütz, Karl Mannheim, Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, my aim is to illustrate that specific stocks of knowledge based on habitualized experience arise in every city. Intrinsic logic captures the hidden structures of cities as locally well‐established, operative processes of sense‐making along with their physical, material manifestations.     

Patterns of technological learning within the knowledge systems of industrial clusters in emerging economies: Evidence from China

Through an interview-based exploratory study and a follow-up survey-based quantitative analysis, this paper investigates the technological learning pattern in terms of structure and mechanisms of interaction within the knowledge system of two industrial clusters in China. Unlike the recent studies that suggest that industrial cluster comprises disconnected leader-centered communities, we argue that the different leader-centered communities within the knowledge systems of industrial clusters are not disconnected from each other. Instead, those communities are inter-connected through the so-called ‘knowledge spanning mechanisms’. Regarding the interaction dimension of technological learning pattern, this paper argues that in analyzing learning behavior in the knowledge networks of industrial clusters, it is necessary to synthesize the learning opportunity perspective and the absorptive capacity perspective to better understand and explain the similarities and dissimilarities in technological learning behavior among different cluster types, across cognitive subgroups, and between product innovation and process innovation. Our study reveals that in the context of emerging countries, the following four factors are decisive for technological learning opportunities inside the knowledge networks of industrial clusters: the underlying complexity of technology in clusters, the inter-connectedness between product and process, path dependency in knowledge searching, and the incremental nature of a cluster’s technological development.     

Location of Decision Rights in Catholic Religious Orders

Organizational incentives are an important part of applied economics. Do even organizations like religious orders make the same trade‐offs and substitutions as predicted by economics for firms? It is argued here that religious orders face the problem of controlling the actions of their branch offices to assure the continued value and uniqueness of their trademark. We use the distinction between specific and general knowledge to analyze the optimal colocation of decision rights within the specific knowledge framework of a religious order. Assuming that knowledge is valuable in decision making, then the colocation of the decision authority with the particular knowledge that is beneficial to those decisions is preferable. With a sample of 114 local communities of 20 religious orders of the Roman Catholic Church, we empirically test whether the ratio of search/experience goods, of credence goods and the monitoring costs of the headquarter can explain the colocation of decision rights and authority within an order. Our findings give support for the hypothesis that religious orders at present make the same trade‐offs and substitutions as predicted by economics. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

High technology localization and extra-regional networks

Firms in spatial concentrations of advanced-technology activities do not constrain their knowledge inputs to opportunities found within their industrial cluster. Rather, firms seeking extra-regional markets augment their in-house resources by means of material (embodied technology) and knowledge inputs obtained from sources at the extra-regional scale in addition to within the region. Literature is reviewed on the clustering of firms and their network geography, models of open and closed industrial systems, and absorptive capacity. The latter is used to interpret the search for knowledge undertaken by firms, which are discussed in terms of their organizational differences and strategic choices. A sample of manufacturing establishments from the electronics cluster in the Toronto metropolitan region (Canada) shows firms that are export-intensive have significantly stronger international input connections, especially with consultants and alliance partners. Export orientation is associated with higher levels of expenditure on the in-house generation of knowledge, more innovation inputs from external sources, and distinctive network geographies. Differences in network relations occur within and between three organizational groups of firms – foreign affiliates, multi-location and single-location domestic firms. Geographically wide-ranging networks are interpreted in terms of opportunities in extra-regional locations compared with local supplies. Regional innovation policy implications are considered.     

Exploring PMOs through community of practice theory

This article explores project management offices (PMOs) through community of practice theory. Preliminary results from a national health care case study are used to confirm the legitimacy of this approach. Today's knowledge‐based economy calls for mechanisms to share knowledge. The issue of making more with less is at stake in order to reuse good practices, support innovative practice, and prevent the reinvention of the wheel. Members of these communities are at the heart of the learning process. The originality of this research is that it sheds light on PMOs in a new theoretical perspective within the field of knowledge management.     

基于中医隐性知识特征的临床实践性教学思考

"医者,意也"。作为中华民族优秀文化的瑰宝,中医是典型的"道技融合"的中国传统技艺。依据现代知识管理相关理论,中医药知识世代传承,具有典型的隐性知识特征,它是中医药学家在长期的实践探索中总结出来的,具有极其重要的价值。中医药知识为个体所拥有,难以用文字描述记载以及传播,它是我国中医传承发展的关键。因此,如何有效地开展中医药临床实践教学,提升中医传承的效果,深入探索和分析中医药隐性知识的特征,并据此开展实践性教学,是当前高等中医药教育改革与实践的重要课题。