广西民间传统手工艺转型发展商业模式探究--以博白竹藤编织工艺为例

民间传统手工艺是一个民族文化的重要组成部分。广西是一个多民族聚居区,存在丰富多样的传统手工艺文化。面对如今经济社会快速发展的时代,现代化工业的快速发展、社会环境的浮躁、缺乏关注导致创新的缺失等原因使得民间传统手工艺的传承和发展面临较大的困难。除了政府的制度和措施,也应积极探索其他方式。论文以广西博白竹藤编织手工艺面临的困境为研究对象,对其创新发展的市场潜力与可行性、商业模式的转型发展进行探索,以期对我国民间传统手工艺的传承与壮大提供一定的参考和借鉴。     

基于活动本质的装备保障创新探析

装备保障创新是提高基于信息系统的体系作战装备保障能力的根本途径。分析了装备保障创新的时代背景及基于活动本质的装备保障创新的内涵,借助活动理论,从明确目的、分析需求、区分层次、理清要素、分析环境、探索发展、划分子系统七个方面探索了基于活动本质的装备保障创新方法,为系统推进我军装备保障创新发展开辟了一条全新的思路,提供了有效的理论与方法支撑。     

Open innovation and the evaluation of internet-enabled public services in smart cities

This article is focused on public service innovation from an innovation management perspective. It presents research experience gained from a European project for managing social and technological innovation in the production and evaluation of citizen-centred internet-enabled services in the public sector. It is based on six urban pilot initiatives, which sought to operationalise a new approach to co-producing and co-evaluating civic services in smart cities – commonly referred to as open innovation for smart city services. Research suggests that the evidence base underpinning this approach is not sufficiently robust to support claims being made about its effectiveness. Instead evaluation research of citizen-centred internet-enabled urban services is in its infancy and there are no tested methods or tools in the literature for supporting this approach. The paper reports on the development and trialing of a novel Co-evaluation Framework, indicators and reporting categories, used to support the co-production of smart city services in an EU-funded project. Our point of departure is that innovation of services is a sub-set of innovation management that requires effective integration of technological with social innovation, supported by the right skills and capacities. The main skills sets needed for effective co-evaluation of open innovation services are the integration of stakeholder management with evaluation capacities.     

高职院校教学科研一体化探析

推进教学科研一体化是高职院校创新发展的必要举措,旨在提升高职院校教学质量和科研水平,促进高职院校内涵建设。本文阐述了教学科研一体化的内涵,高职院校推进教学科研一体化的实践意义和落脚点,探讨了如何通过教学科研一体化引领高职院校的创新发展。     

中小企业融资担保模式构想——以成都市为例

融资难已经成为制约中小企业发展的一大桎梏,成为中小企业发展的瓶颈。融资担保和小额贷款行业的发展,对中小企业融资难的问题起到了缓解作用,融资担保创新是解决中小企业贷款难问题的重要突破口。经过数年的探索发展、不断创新,成都融资担保在创新担保产品、运作模式、规范服务和融资担保机制等方面取得较大突破,形成了特有的"成都模式",先后被国务院中小企业领导小组办公室作为经验向全国推广。     

创新驱动下常州新型研发机构协同治理优化路径研究

论文对创新驱动下常州新型研发机构的发展现状进行了调研,分析常州新型研发机构协同治理中存在的困境,进而从各个维度提出创新驱动下常州新型研发机构协同治理的优化路径,以期为常州新型研发机构的健康发展提供可行性建议。     

Concurrent engineering and its consequences

Technology and market changes introduce uncertainty and equivocality in the product development arena, and firms are considering various structural relationships to help them cope with these changes. Concurrent engineering (CE) is a mechanism that can reduce uncertainty and equivocality and improve an organization’s competitive capabilities. CE is typically manifested through concurrent work-flows, product development teams, and early involvement of constituents. It enables information to flow through the organization quickly and effectively thereby, reducing uncertainty. At the same time, it enables debate, clarification, and enactment which are essential elements in combating equivocality. CE practices are also purported to have significant effects on product innovation, quality, and premium price capabilities.This research carefully defines CE and creates a valid and reliable instrument to assess it. It reports on the development and testing of a model that relates CE to some of its most salient consequences. Half of the sample of 244 firms is used for exploratory purposes and half for confirmatory work and hypotheses testing. Results indicate that firms that experience a high technological and product change in their environment are using more CE practices. In addition, results suggest that CE practices have significant direct effects on product innovation. However, only the indirect effects of CE on quality and premium pricing are statistically significant. Firms with higher levels of product innovation have higher levels of quality. Firms with higher levels of product innovation do exhibit premium pricing capabilities but only if they affect quality capabilities. Firms that display elevated quality levels excel in their premium pricing capabilities.     

河南省科技创新助力乡村振兴路径研究

乡村振兴战略是我国十九大会议上作出的重要部署。基于新时期背景,我国的社会矛盾在逐渐转变,国内农业发展已经不仅仅是追求经济利益,而是开始寻求质量和效益并重。乡村振兴的实现需要科技创新作为指引,科技和产业发展、生态发展、居民生活关系密切。无论是农民收入,或是生态环境保护,都要有科技创新作为支撑方可实现。论文立足河南省实际情况,对该省科技创新助力乡村振兴展开研究,为河南省科技创新助力乡村振兴提供理论依据和决策支撑。     

Understanding discontinuance: Towards a more realistic model of technological innovation and industrial adoption in Britain

The paper outlines the ideas and theory behind a recently begun research project. The project consists of an investigation of the complexities, and particularly the problems, inherent in introducing technological innovation into production systems in industry. The practical and theoretical need for work of this kind is examined and the character and focus of the proposed investigation sketched. The concept of “discontinuance” is analysed and seen to apply both to the cessation of innovation production by a supplier and the termination of innovation usage by an adoptor. Rogers and Shoemaker's (1971) division of adoptor discontinuance into “replacement” and “disenchantment” discontinuance is considered and reformulated using the terms “replacement adoption”, “negative changeover effects” and “regressive discontinuance”. Finally, a number of models both of innovation development and innovation adoption are considered, synthesized and revised. An initial framework for the comprehension of innovation development and adoption is sketched and some of the potentially important issues therein are highlighted.     

How R&D Competition Affects Investment Choices

We analyze firm research and development investment incentives in a framework in which only one innovation can be undertaken. We assume that the probability of discovering the innovation depends on a parameter that represents the technical difficulty of innovating. We show that patent protection is not always necessary for investments to be made. With patent protection, research and development competition leads to a symmetric equilibrium. Moreover, firms over‐invest in marginal innovation but under‐invest in difficult innovation, which explains why and how public authorities should intervene to promote specific research in certain economic sectors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

发展风险投资 推动高技术创新

本文讨论了在世界上盛行但在我国发展有困难的风险投资事业.本文首先介绍风险投资的意义和特征,然后分析其在我国发展的现状和问题,最后提出了发展我国风险投资的对策,以促进我国高技术创新的发展和经济增长方式的转变.     

微型企业非技术创新提升核心竞争力的策略

微型企业资金少、规模小,技术创新难度大,甚至不可能开展技术创新。因此,微型企业核心竞争力的培养主要在于非技术创新,即在管理、市场开发方面创新,以增强自身的核心竞争力。本文主要探讨了微型企业进行技术创新存在的困难,论述了微型企业在非技术方面进行创新以提升自身核心竞争力的策略。     

民营企业技术创新与管理探析

技术创新是经济发展的巨大动力,也是企业提高市场竞争力的关键。对于二次创业的民营企业而言,必须意识到技术创新是实现企业目标的重要手段。因此,制定和建立技术创新战略,必须在企业的整体战略框架内进行。在明确企业经营目标的基础上制定企业技术创新战略,应分析企业现有的技术能力,尤其是明确自身在同行中的技术地位。同时,考察可挖掘的技术潜力。民营企业在技术创新的演进轨迹中一般会先选择模仿创新模式,再选择自主创新模式。民营企业在技术创新过程中还需进行有效管理:即高效组织协调技术与市场等部门的关系;建立技术创新激励制度;对技术创新过程进行风险控制;加强知识产权有效管理。     

江西产业技术创新体系的产学研战略联盟问题研究

我国对于产业技术创新战略联盟这种组织形式的研究还处于起步阶段。江西省多数行业内的大多数企业普遍实力较弱,技术创新战略联盟构建存在相当多的困难,难以引领产业技术进步和技术赶超。文章针对当前产学研结合存在的主要问题,对产学研战略联盟的理论、重要意义进行了再认识,对实践问题进行了有益探讨,针对性地提出了构建技术创新战略联盟的思路、指导原则及发展机制,并提出了相应的对策建议和研究展望。     

Innovation diffusion: research agenda for developing economies

This paper reviews the literature on innovation to build an agenda for research on innovation diffusion in developing countries. The main ideas on innovation diffusion are discussed, aiming at identifying the key aspects that determine the introduction and development of new technologies in an economy. Analysis of the literature suggests that innovation diffusion depends on three contextual aspects that are economy and government, technology strategies of firms, and management of innovation. Based on this analysis, four areas for research on the subject are identified, aiming at increasing the knowledge about mechanisms and approaches of innovation diffusion in developing countries.     

贫困地区高职院校机械创新设计大赛的研究与实践

开展机械创新设计大赛,是提高大学生科技创新能力的有效方式。本文通过对高职院校开展机械创新设计大赛必要性的论述,然后针对贫困地区开展活动存在的一些困难,提出了机械创新的准确定位,通过有效地组织和具体地实践,达到了培养学生创新意识和团队协作能力,提高师生科技创新能力的目的。     

非计算机专业类数据库教学方案研究

随着现代化信息社会的发展,社会越来越青睐于除了掌握专业技能还具有一定的计算机应用能力的人。所以,高校为了培养出适应社会的发展的人才,必须把计算机技术同各领域的专业紧密结合起来,培养出既有专业技能又有计算机应用能力的复合型人才。数据库是一门实践性非常强的课程,对于非计算机专业的学生来说存在着一定的难度。但是作为计算机教育教学工作者来说,我们必须要克服困难,通过对数据库教学方案的研究,使学生在计算机各个方面的能力得到培养和锻炼。本文从实际出发,针对如何提高高校非计算机专业学生对数据库的学习兴趣,培养学生学习的自主性和创新能力,作出了教学方案上的实践,大胆尝试了新思路。     

A policy perspective on incremental innovation in small and medium sized enterprises

The increased importance of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in industrial economies is explained and the very large variance in their degree of participation in the innovation process is established. Evidence from Canadian research clarifies the difficulties that smidl and medium sized firms, even in technology intensive industries, experience in developing new products and implementing new designs. Innovation theory is reviewed and the importance of inputs from specialist consultants is established for SMEs undertaking incremental innovation. Transaction costs concepts are then used to explain the difficulties SMEs encounter in arranging these linkages. A recommended form of policy to help to correct this type of market imperfection is derived and used to describe a gap in Canadian policies and to evaluate initiatives in Australia and UK.     

Categories of university-level entrepreneurship: a literature survey

Research into the nature, antecedents and effects of university-level entrepreneurship has grown due to the emergence of the university technology transfer phenomenon and the evolution of university's role in national innovation systems and economic development. From the literature survey, three research categories for university-level entrepreneurship are identified and examined namely entrepreneurial university, academic entrepreneurship and university technology transfer. Then, a framework depicting the relationship of the three research categories is developed and discussed. Lastly, recommendations are made for future research and analysis.     

企业技术创新与研究开发探讨

在社会主义市场经济环境中，企业的技术创新和技术研发被提升到一个从未有过的高度，这两个词汇也频频被知识经济下的各种传媒所引用。作者认为，如果对二者没有一个清晰的概念，忽略了它们本质上的差异，那么对“科学技术是第一生产力”就不会有深刻的理解，也无法说清技术对经济的影响，思想的混乱将会导致企业决策和行动的失误。本文结合企业的实际情况，就技术研发与技术创新的表现以及对企业发展的作用和影响，进行分析和探讨。