基于软件无线电的GNSS干扰和多径监测系统设计

针对干扰和多径导致全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）不能精确、安全和可靠地提供位置、速度和时间服务等问题,分析了研制GNSS干扰和多径监测系统的意义,介绍了当前干扰和多径常用的检测方法,设计了一套针对当前四大导航系统（美国GPS、俄罗斯GLONASS、欧盟Galileo和中国BDS）各信号带内以及附近频率的干扰和多径监测系统。系统基于软件无线电（SDR）思想,采用模块化设计,具有良好的功能扩展性和配置灵活性。根据不同干扰的特点,结合实际应用改进了其检测算法：采用能量阈值法检测不同形式的压制式干扰,采用基于捕获多相关峰法判别欺骗式干扰,采取基于最大似然准则的多径估计延迟锁定环（MEDLL）技术估计多径信号的参数。实验结果表明系统能够有效检测各种干扰和多径信号的存在,使用户获取其特征参数,为干扰源的定位、查处、排除、规避以及多径信号的抑制提供决策依据。     

高动态条件下测控系统载波跟踪环路优化设计

航天测控系统中载波跟踪误差主要来源于热噪声和航天器动态应力,对载波跟踪环 路的优化一般通过调整环路等效噪声带宽来实现。分析了航天测控系统中航天器的动态应力 特性及环路跟踪误差特性,导出由载噪比和动态应力决定的环路最佳带宽表达式,提出一种 通过环路自身状态估计载噪比和动态应力的方法,通过对载噪比和动态应力的实时估计实现 对环路参数的实时调整。仿真结果表明,该算法在动态应力和载噪比时变的高动态场合可以 实现稳定的载波跟踪,测量精度得到明显改善。     

一种稳健的多径估计和抑制算法

针对通信系统中多径干扰难以估计和抑制的问题,提出了一种地面采用智能天线自适应跟踪的方法。以均匀直线阵为基础,采用前后向空间平滑算法对阵列接收相干信号进行预相干处理,再利用MUSIC（Multiple Signal Classification）算法实现信号来波方向（Direction of Arrival,DOA）估计,应用一种新的对角加载稳健波束形成技术减小主峰偏移,实现多径干扰抑制。仿真分析验证了所提算法的正确性和有效性,系统具有良好的稳健性,具有较高的工程实践价值。     

抑制小区间干扰的改进信漏噪比预编码方法

针对下行多用户MIMO系统在多小区环境中系统性能下降的问题,在传统信漏噪比（SLNR）预 编码基 础上,提出在接收端采用白化滤波器抑制干扰,发射端考虑邻小区干扰加噪声协方差矩阵的 预编码方法,消除用户间干扰的同时能很好地抑制小区间干扰,改善系统性能。仿真结果表 明,改进算法在最大化新定义的等效信漏噪比的过程中,由于引入的等效信道考虑了小区间 干扰,相对于传统算法,可明显提高系统容量。     

低信噪比下LFM- PRBC信号参数的快速估计

为了解决目前算法中线性调频-伪码（LFM- PRBC）信号参数估计计算量较大的问题,提出了一种快速估计算法。该算法采用解线调与分数阶傅里叶变换（FRFT）进行参数的估计。首先对信号进行解线调估计出调频斜率的粗略值,然后由调频斜率确定旋转角,通过FRFT估计出码元宽度的粗略值。根据延时再进行解线调估计出调频斜率的精确值,再通过FRFT估计出码元宽度的精确值与起始频率。该算法不仅计算量较低,同时具有很高的估计精度与很强的抗噪性,仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

最大化瑞利熵的干扰对齐优化算法

干扰对齐技术常采用迭代的方法进行预编码矩阵与干扰抑制矩阵的设计,然而目前采用的迭代方法并不能做到完全的干扰对齐。针对这种情况,提出了一种新的干扰对齐优化算法,避开了反转信道的操作。该算法在最大化信干噪比算法的基础上加入完全干扰对齐的约束条件,将系统中各用户的所有干扰对齐约束条件进行奇异值分解,最终通过瑞利熵最大化的求解方法联合迭代求解发送侧的预编码矩阵与接收侧的干扰抑制矩阵。仿真结果表明,所提优化算法在较高信噪比时不同天线数下的和速率、不同迭代次数下的和速率等方面都优于原最大信干噪比算法。     

单中继多用户MIMO系统中继预编码新方案

针对单中继多用户多输入多输出(MIMO)通信系统中用户间干扰问题,提出了一种可以有效抑 制用户 间干扰的中继接收和预编码方案。该方案在中继端对信号进行迫零（ZF）接收,利用最大化 信漏噪比（SLNR）准则设计中继端预编码向量,并针对难以获得最优解的情况,利用迭代解 出次优解。仿真结果表明,与中继端ZF预编码相比, SLNR预编码更好地抑制了用户间干扰 ,相同和速率性能下,基站发送端功率比ZF预编码减少4 dB,具有实用价值。     

基于宽窄带功率比值法的GNSS载噪比估计改进方法

为了降低载噪比估计算法的实现复杂度，提出了一种改进的宽窄带载噪比估计方法。该方法利用接收机良好跟踪信号时信号能量主要分布在I支路这一特点，将传统的宽窄带功率比值法中的宽带进行简化变为仅取I支路信号，而窄带保持不变来进行载噪比估计。在详细推导了改进后算法的载噪比估计的理论表达式后，通过仿真测试进行了验证与分析，最后对K值的选取进行了讨论。测试结果表明，改进后的算法与传统算法的性能基本相当，但相比传统的宽窄带功率比值法而言，在算法复杂度方面加法和乘法次数都减少了1000次左右，约为传统算法的60%，使算法复杂度得到了有效降低。     

基于多尺度小波模极大融合的宽带频谱感知算法

针对传统宽带频谱感知算法速度慢、设备复杂度高、对实际信号适用性不强等问题, 提出了一种基于多尺度小波模极大融合的宽带频谱感知算法,根据信号带宽等因素选择合适 尺度下的小波变换结果进行信号检测,能够准确估计频带范围内信号个数、载频、带宽、信 噪比等参数。实际信号测试证明了这一算法的有效性。该算法对频谱监测、认知无线电（CR ）频谱感知具有一定实用价值。     

DFT-S-OFDM系统中基于DFT的软迭代信道估计

在基于傅里叶变换扩展的正交频分复用（DFT-S-OFDM）系统中,为了消除由多径传播和多普勒效应导致的信道间干扰（ICI）,提出了一种基于离散傅里叶变换（DFT）的软迭代信道估计算法。该算法将传统DFT信道估计技术与Turbo均衡技术相结合,利用Turbo均衡器反馈的软信息来更新初始信道估计响应,进而消除噪声和ICI。Matlab仿真结果表明,在多径信道下,经过2次以上的迭代后,该算法的误码率（BER）性能得到了显著的改善。     

Brown＇s Blossom in Britain-China

The overall strategic relationship between U.K. and China is ＂better than ever＂, China- Britain relations have maintained good momentum, with increased high-level exchanges and the reinforcement of strategic mutual trust, with more room for growth in the future.     

Challenge and Opportunity Go Hand in Hand——What Global Economic Agitation Brings to the China's Economy?

Domino effects of the global finance agitation As the origin of the subprime crisis,US financial institutions lost USS45 billion last year,accounted for over half of the total US,EU & Japan loss.Since January 15th,Chtigroup released its financial statement of the 4th quarter,showing a net deficit of USS9.83 billion,which marked the hisoric high of its quarterly deficit.     

Sinosteel：Extraordinary Moves in Industry Chess

Among the Fortune 500 firms,more and more images from China emerge out.On the 2008 list,Sinosteel Corporation,a landmark group of China industries quietly squeezes into the candidate line.As the largest steel service ＆ trade enterprise,its sales reached at RMB 111.24 billion,with a year-on-year increase of 83.03 percent,and the profit grew by 180.03 percent.On the Sinosteel 2008 Work Meeting,the president Huang Tianwen uttered,＂In the coming year,we will work for US$20 billion sales,and look forward to getting a position in Fortune 500 firms for ourselves.＂     

Walk Through Unusual Five Years—— An Exhibitor＇s Canton Fair Course

When the 103rd Canton Fair is approaching, an old friend of Canton Fair, Li Ying from Jiangsu prov-ince recollected his past five years＇ experiences to the grand trade meeting. Each year is special, with some unforgettable memories colored by the year.     

Jean-Pierre Duprieu： Willing to Be A Legate of Sino-French Business

Estaing, former French president, Valery Giscard d＇Estaing attended Sino-French Economic Seminar held in Shanghai in early April and said that the world center has shifted from the west to the east with many European and US companies entering into Asia, and China has the ability to play an important role in the world stage. Estaing, naming himself＂French Confucian＂, then said in Chinese that a cook-group includes 10 people in ancient Chinese soldier system and the cook is in charge of cooking for them. And people who belong to the same cook are actually ＂Partners＂.     

China''''s Stock Market Wave

The annual meeting of the World Economy Forum was held in Davos,a little town in Switzerland,on January 23rd to the 27th this year,with the theme"the Power fo Collaborative Innovation",over 2500 celebrates from ture political and cconomic circles of more than 80 countries and challengred logether to talk about the future of the global economy in 2008,A Forum for the problems and challenges that face whole world,some of the keywords which drew attention during the event were:the U.S.subprime mortgage crisis,soaring energy prices,the economic slowdown in the U.S.ermerging economic bodies,authority funds and the general unpredictable nature of the global economy.     

Trade Promotion from Neighborhood

If you are considering to trade with companies in Japan or expanding your .business to Japan, we are ready to help from the very beginning.＂ You will find this greeting at the first sight on the Chinese website of Japan External Trade Organization （JETRO）. JETRO has committed itself in delivering highly efficient and quality services to meet the demand of internal and external customs including Japanese companies, hence winning a good reputation in the international trade arena. In recent years, with its priority in advancing business cooperation in South and East Asia, JETRO has made great achievement in promoting trade between China and Japan. Therefore, China＇s Foreign Trade interviewed Mr. Yoichi Maine, Deputy Director General of JETRO BEIJING.     

Auto Parts Market Potential Coming into Surface

Looking at the increasingly fierce competition in the world auto market. global automobile manufacturing industry, taking Europe, the U.S. and Japan as representatives, is gradually forming a new type of relationship, mutual cooperation between whole vehicle and parts manufacturers. We can clearly see that auto parts manufacturers have become independent from the whole vehicle manufacturing companies, which means that the former structure of auto industry has greatly changed, and a new relationship,     

Public Financial Expenditure——A Reflection of the Livelihood Improvement

In recent years.China's public finance put social construction high on the agenda and attaches more importance on livelihood insurance and improvement.The 2003-2007 public financial expenditure reflects a fact that the government isputting more emphasis on livelihood andissues concerning the people.     

Voices from the MPC and CPPCC

"Crucial for economic growth.energy utilization has its role in all economic sectors and every aspect of people's daily life.Now we are in dire need of a new profession,namely energy manager.We not only need to have passion and responsibility,but also a scientific approach to conserve energy and cut emissions.APpropriate legislation should be in place.and a special profession should be introduced to ensure the implementation of these laws and regulations."