红外光谱分析仪温度漂移的软件补偿法

在对红外光谱分析仪的研究与开发过程中，发现仪器传感、信号放大、信号处理等多个环节对环境温度的变化敏感，对仪器的正常工作有明显的负面影响，会导致仪器测量不准，解决这一问题的常用方法就是温度补偿。采用温度补偿电路对仪器系统的温度漂移进行补偿不但补偿过程复杂、效果有限而且会增加仪器系统的成本。通过研究和实验，认为采用软件的方法对仪器的温度漂移进行补偿，具有综合补偿效果好、方法简单、不增加成本的突出优点，是一种值得推荐的方法。     

带温漂补偿的小型化毫米波单脉冲雷达接收前端

介绍一种用于非相参雷达导引头的毫米波接收前端小型化低温漂设计技术。采用多芯片混合集成电路和镜频抑制混频器技术,设计了一种小型化三通道高放混频接收前端。针对非相参雷达特点,对接收机本振采用频率漂移的温度补偿技术,保证了全温范围内接收机对信号频率的稳定跟踪。测试结果表明,接收前端噪声系数低于4.0 dB,镜频抑制大于25 dB,全温范围内温度漂移小于0.6 MHz/℃。     

宽温稳定的微带集中参数环行器

本文提出了一种供微波集成电路实际使用的微带混合型集中参数环行器,具有制作工艺简便、成本低、体积小、性能稳定的特点。着重介绍了集中参数环行器的温度补偿理论和实际可行的补偿方法。设计中采用磁热温度补偿合金和具有负温度系数的偏置磁场,并用接近零温度系数的电容,获得了环行器、隔离器的宽温稳定性,即从-40℃～+85℃,环行器和隔离器的工作带宽大于8%,插入损耗小于0.8dB(带内最佳值小于0.5dB),极温下隔离大于18dB(带内最佳值>30dB),中心工作频率的漂移为0.035%/℃。     

温度压力补偿在化工生产计量中的应用探究

在化工类企业生产中，计量是获得科学数据、科学控制生产的必要手段，其中温度压力补偿是计量中的关键一环，在生产计量中对气体蒸汽的温度压力补偿有着不可或缺性，有必要采取相关的措施如各种计算公式等进行科学补偿。本文分析了进行温度压力补偿的必要性，针对理想气体和水蒸汽两个方面对温度、压力补偿系统的公式进行了详细说明，探讨了温度压力补偿在化工生产计量中的有效应用。     

《电讯技术》专题资料《时间频率技术》题要（六）

热敏电容网络温度补偿晶体振荡器（黄浩） 采用热敏电容设计晶体振荡器的补偿网络，网络的等效电容作为晶体振荡器负载电容不受直流电压的影响，因此，只要电源电压能满足振荡器电路的要求，采用热敏电容补偿网络对晶体振荡器进行温度补偿，就可以实现温度补偿晶体振荡器低电压的应用。本文分析了热敏电阻网络模拟温度补偿晶振在低电压情况下存在的问题，介绍了热敏电容网络补偿原理和设计方法。     

广泛应用并高速发展的MEMS技术

MEMS传感器种类繁多,发展迅猛,应用广泛。该文介绍了MEMS传感器的概念及特点,并对MEMS的具体应用进行了简要阐述。从部分新的MEMS技术在军事及航空航天方面简述了对未来应用的展望。MEMS技术正处于高速发展,潜在市场巨大。     

干涉型原子陀螺仪研究进展与应用

介绍了原子干涉仪的基本原理和目前国内外干涉型原子陀螺仪的 实现方案以及研究现状,包括三脉冲陀螺仪、四脉冲陀螺仪和原子芯片陀螺仪。基于高精度 测量特性,概述了原子陀螺仪在惯性导航、广义相对论检测以及地球物理学中的应用。     

高灵敏度的微波取样系统

本文描述一个新的微波取样系统,使用测量数据的数字处理而提高了灵敏度.由于取样示波器中电子电路的时间漂移,给信号处理带来了更大的麻烦.本系统开发了一个适当的方法可以补偿时间漂移.本文讨论了噪声的影响,给随机的多余时间信号以信噪比的函数.最后举例说明,如何将此法应用到自动取样系统中去.     

宽温高稳定度的温度补偿技术

通过对常用两种温度补偿方式的比较,介绍了一种改进型双Г电阻补偿网络作为宽温补偿技术。改进型双Г电阻补偿网络集成了桥式电阻网络和双Г电阻网络的优点,在高低温极值处具有更强的补偿能力。试验表明,采用该种补偿网络的温补晶振在-55℃~ 85℃的宽温范围内,频率温度稳定度优于±1×10-6。     

MEMS流量传感器

上个世纪五六十年代,在各行各业大量需要测量出流量参数的背景下,各种流量传感器不断涌现。这几十年来,微机电系统（MEMS）也取得了非常重要的发展,传统的流量传感器也需要有更加高的精度,更加的集成化,更好的可靠度,因此MEMS流量传感器成为了重要的研究对象。本文对MEMS流量传感器的发展历程,测量原理,分类发展等内容作了必要的介绍,也对一些常用的MEMS流量传感器的特点进行了描述。在文章的最后部分,还给出了MEMS流量传感器的三个主要发展阶段,并且对各阶段的特征给出了介绍,对未来的发展给出了展望。     

Startup Success Factors in the Capital Attraction Stage: Founders’ Perspective

Only a small percentage of startups attract capital from venture capital investors. To determine the factors which owners of startups consider the most important for attracting seed venture investments, the founders of 40 startups in Latvia and Russia were questioned. The researchers compared organizational and financial factors’ importance for two groups of entrepreneurs: those who succeeded and those who failed in attracting funding. The results of the study indicate certain differences between the viewpoints of founders and investors regarding success factors. Based on the factor and regression analysis, the authors developed a model to forecast success in capital attraction.     

Entrepreneurship and Risk Aversion

Evans and Jovanovic (1989, Journal of Political Economy 97(4), 808–827) find that wealth is an important determinant of business startups due to liquidity constraints. However, Cressy (2000, Economic Letters 66, 235–240) argues that if risk aversion is a negative function of wealth, Evans and Jovanovic’s empirical results could be spurious and the positive effect of wealth could be due to the omission of risk aversion in the regression equation. In other words, according to Cressy, one’s wealth does not have any effect on business startups once the degree of risk aversion is accounted for. This paper attempts to investigate the validity of Cressy’s conjecture. We empirically examine the effect of wealth on the transition into self-employment, while allowing for the effect of risk aversion. Our empirical findings show that Evans and Jovanovic’s (1989) results are robust, i.e., wealth has a positive effect on business startups even allowing for the confounding effects of risk aversion.     

Building service businesses in Africa: Introducing the business builder model

The success of Silicon Valley has served as a driving force for entrepreneurs and investors worldwide. Many have attempted to create their own version in developing markets by setting up Silicon Valley‐style tech incubators. In recent years, Africa has seen an influx of these start‐up incubators, which has resulted in an emergence of major tech hubs in different parts of the continent. These areas have taken on names synonymous with the booming tech industry: Cape Town in South Africa is known as the Silicon Cape, Nairobi in Kenya as the Silicon Savannah, and Lagos, Nigeria as the Silicon Lagoon. Despite the influx and success of some of these incubators, there is also a multitude of examples where success and longevity are rare. The lifespan of these start‐ups are short and they seldom realize any profit. Limited access to capital markets, poor infrastructure, and weak regulatory environment are just a few reasons cited for this. Although there is a multitude of articles and publications that feature success cases and reasons behind propelling success, there are far fewer that focus on failures. As such, with this article we aim to shed light on the various reasons why these businesses fail by analyzing the literature and demonstrating them with real‐world examples of both successes and failures in the market. Using the information analyzed, we then propose a solution for successfully investing in tech startups in the developing world, the business builder model.     

Entrepreneurial intention and startup preparation: A study among business students in Malaysia

Intention, as the starting point of pursuing self-employment and creating new ventures, is crucial before actually establishing a business enterprise. Entrepreneurship is understood to be an essential ingredient for enhancing a country's economic competitiveness, growth, and sustainability while confronting the escalating challenges of globalization, such as increasing unemployment. This study provides empirical evidence on the factors influencing entrepreneurial intention and startup preparations among university students in Malaysia. The findings provide scholars and academic policymakers with insights into the effectiveness of Malaysia's entrepreneurial education as designed and practiced by public universities. The Malaysian government should apply these findings to fortify existing policies and programs and formulate new ones to support graduate entrepreneurs, while universities and other higher education institutions should provide high-quality entrepreneurial courses and programs to young Malaysians to foster an inclination toward entrepreneurship.     

The Determinants of Latent Entrepreneurship in Japan

This paper examines regional characteristics affecting the latent entrepreneurship in Japan, focusing on regional macroeconomic indicators, existing density of establishments and human capital, and business start-up assistance programs by local governments. We define two types of people having the latent entrepreneurship as follows (1) persons merely wishing to be a self-employed worker, and (2) persons preparing to be a self-employed worker out of the former definition. Total cash earnings and the unemployment rate, which are the macro economic indicators, had positive effects on latent entrepreneurship in Japan. Judging from the significance of their estimations, the latent entrepreneurship is explained by the “Push hypothesis”. If we examine the problem more closely, it is necessary for us to identify government assistance programs which make the latent entrepreneurs more self-employment.     

You don’t have to be an entrepreneur to be entrepreneurial: The unique role of imaginativeness in new venture ideation

Bestsellers like The Lean Startup and Business Model Generation have suggested that ideation—the generation and selection of ideas—is important to new venture creation; yet, little empirical research on the topic has been conducted. Using a creative problem-solving approach, we developed and tested a new scale that found imaginativeness predicts new venture ideation over and above the effects of the usual suspects of attitude, knowledge, and evaluation. Imaginativeness is an ideational skill that combines task-relevant knowledge in three distinct domains—creative, social, and practical—with the latent ability of imagination. In this article, we explain why a new scale was needed, why imaginativeness appears to be especially useful to individuals who lack entrepreneurial experience, and how imaginativeness enables just about anyone to generate and select new venture ideas with the proficiency of a habitual entrepreneur.     

‘Reverse internationalization’ in Chinese firms: a study of how global startup OEMs seek to compete domestically

This research investigates whether the global startup original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) in China could employ their knowledge-acquisition capability developed via internationalization to compete domestically (i.e. reverse internationalization), facing the recession in developed markets. Results examine that knowledge-acquisition capability can help these firms compete in ‘reverse internationalization’, while the conduct of own brand strategy partially mediates the positive relationship between their capability and domestic performance. We contribute to the literature by identifying the unique ‘Chinese global startup OEMs’, recognizing knowledge-acquisition capability as a high-order dynamic capability for such firms, and introducing a novel entrepreneurial phenomenon we call ‘reverse internationalization’.     

创业企业信用风险度量模型与实证研究

本文针对创业企业这一特殊的企业群体,在对信用风险度量的相关方法、模型进行系统回顾和比较研究的基础上,构建了适合我国创业企业信用风险度量的最可行方法.文章从抽样阶段开始,运用逐步多元判别分析法对处于不同生命阶段的创业企业筛选出具有区别力的分析变量,对不同生命阶段的企业建立不同的信用风险判别模型,并进行了实证研究.研究结果表明,这一方法在创业企业信用风险分析方面具有较好的可行性.     

What the hack? A growth hacking taxonomy and practical applications for firms

As companies become increasingly digital, growth hacking emerged as a new way of scaling businesses. While the term is fashionable in business, many executives remain confused about the concept. Even if firms have an idea of what growth hacking is, they may still be puzzled as to how to do it, creating a strategy-execution gap. Our article assists firms by bridging the growth hacking strategy-execution gap. First, we provide a growth hacking framework and deconstruct its building blocks: marketing, data analysis, coding, and the lean startup philosophy. We then present a taxonomy of 34 growth hacking patterns along the customer lifecycle of acquisition, activation, revenue, retention, and referral; categorize them on the two dimensions of resource intensity and time lag; and provide an example of how to apply the taxonomy in the case of a fitness application. Finally, we discuss seven opportunities and challenges of growth hacking that firms should keep in mind.     

错时启动——散粮筒仓系统一种新的流程启动方式

针对筒仓系统启动过程中部分设备空载运行时间过长动耗过大的问题，采用错时启动的方案对原启动系统进行改造，取得了良好的效果。