浅论教育的经济效益

宏观教育学形成于20世纪60年代,宏观教育学对各国教育决策和教育实践产生了重大影响.宏观教育学直接研究教育的基础性、全面性、前瞻性、知识产生与社会经济的相互作用及其规律.集中论述教育的经济效益是宏观教育经济学的核心概念,从这一理论的兴起、发展和成熟三个阶段论述宏观教育经济学的研究发展过程,并就宏观教育经济学的研究对象进行全面阐述.而对教育经济效益的定义、内容及特性,以及教育投资对经济增长的计算方法做了剖析和比较.     

信息化对经济增长促进作用的理论分析

本文从结构和内生增长两个角度分析了信息化对经济增长的促进作用。文中依据结构主义的非均衡经济增长理论和内生经济增长理论,在对经济结构转变与产业结构高级化,信息技术与产业结构调整,信息化与知识积累,技术进步之间的关系分析的基础上,导出信息技术不仅从结构因素方面推动着经济增长,而且它本身就是增长的内生因素,作为内在的源泉来促进经济的增长。     

Research in Economic Education and the Teaching of Economics

Input cost and output value are depicted in a diagram of vertical slices of the production function surface.     

信息化对内部控制影响的理论研究

安然、世通等舞弊事件的发生,让投资者认识到内部控制的重要性。各国政府陆续发布有关内部控制的法律法规,使得如何更有效的提高内部控制绩效变得迫在眉睫。目前,不少学者都试图利用信息技术研究内部控制,取得了一些成果,但是却缺乏相关的理论加以解释,使得这种交叉学科的研究缺乏相应的理论支撑。利用已有的相关理论深化研究,阐述信息化如何对内部控制影响,可以为该领域未来的研究提供理论支撑。     

环境技术创新对企业环境效益和经济效益的作用机制

从环境技术创新的角度,将企业的环境效益与经济效益有机联系,重点研究环境技术创新对环境效益和经济效益的作用机制。首先对环境技术创新的相关研究进行综述,鉴别出环境技术创新的选择,即环境要素改变、环境子系统改变和环境系统创新。然后通过案例研究,提出环境驱动的企业技术创新与技术创新驱动的企业环境效益提高之间存在链式互动关系的理论观点,建立了环境技术创新对环境效益和经济效益的作用机制的概念模型。依据该模型,提出要实现环境效益与经济效益的"互利双赢",必须超越现有的生产技术系统,而不仅仅是对现有技术系统进行局部改善。     

新疆农民利用互联网提高技能教育的探究

新疆农民劳动技能信息传递水平偏低,技能教育急需提高。有效的互联网信息传播,可以迅速提高农民学习新技术的积极性,改善边疆农民的职业性技能教育氛围,克服地域广阔、信息不对称和信息意识薄弱等缺陷。在互联网上,通过示范带动普通农户应用水平,改善多元化的支持服务、普及双语教育和降低费用等具体对策,以信息技术推动职业技能教育,将边疆农民的劳动技能与信息体验、效用价值、信任交互和偏好在内的基本因素都应用到职业教育领域内,提升边远地区农民的技能劳动的能力。     

中国财政科教支出动态经济效应分析

财政科技与教育支出的经济增长效应是经济学界研究的重要问题。文章通过构建以资本、知识和产出为研究对象的动态理论模型与研究,发现财政科教支出对三者的稳定增长路径及经济体系稳态点均具有重要影响。文章在理论模型研究的基础上进一步构建了动态计量模型,实证结论是:中国财政科教支出对其资本形成、产出增长及全要素生产率的提高均有积极影响,但作用力度和影响方式存在区别。因此,应进一步增加财政科教支出,并通过改进支出结构和进度,使之对经济转轨和长期经济增长起到更为重要的促进作用。     

基于经济理论的高校大学生诚信道德教育

近些年来,高校大学生诚信缺失与道德现状越来越受到教育界和社会公众的关注,这无疑提醒我们高校大学生需要诚信道德教育。从经济理论出发,对高校大学生诚信缺失进行博弈分析,探究其深层次原因,基于道德与经济的一致性的理论,将经济理论中的微观均衡理论、效用最大化规律、机会成本理论、收益与责任对称理论与诚信道德教育结合,提出大学生诚信道德教育的新理念。     

网络环境下图书馆信息服务工作的变革

本文分析了在网络环境下,由于用户对信息资源需求的变化导致图书馆信息服务的变革,提出图书馆在建立高素质工作队伍的同时还须培养读者的网上能力。     

略论二元经济的实质与转化——基于信息和知识视角

二元经济是发展中国家在发展过程中最基本的经济特征.从信息和知识的角度看,任何经济系统、组织、个人都是信息和知识生产、收集、传递及利用的装置,二元经济形成的关键在于不同区域在信息和知识的生产、收集、传递及利用能力及效率上的差异.因此,二元经济如何发展和转换完全取决于该区域内与信息和知识利用相关能力的形成和发展.     

浅析信息技术产业的网络外部性

网络外部性是指通过网络利用某一种产品或服务的人越多,每一个使用者从该产品或服务中所获得的利益也就越大。信息技术产业是一种典型的具有网络外部性的产业。信息技术产业的网络外部性引导企业进行开放化生产、追求主导业界标准、提供免费数字大餐。面对信息技术产业的网络外部性,本文提出了相应的对策建议。     

福建省高等教育对经济增长的贡献率研究

以丹尼森教育量简化指数法为基础,以1996—2007年相关统计数据测算了福建省高等教育对经济增长的贡献率。结果显示,虽然福建省高等教育已有一定发展,但相较于周边省份仍有所滞后,应进一步重视高等教育发展。     

Economic Education in Schools and Universities in England

The authors review three aspects of economic education in England. They examine trends in undergraduate economics in England, principally in terms of recruitment and outcomes and connections with economics in schools. They also review formal instruction in schools through so-called “advanced level” courses for 16–19-year-old students and the role of the academic community in recent research in England on economic education.     

Implementation in Economic Environments with Incomplete Information: The Use of Multi-Stage Games

This paper shows that, in economic environments with incomplete information, incentive compatibility and a preference reversal condition are sufficient for implementation in sequential equilibrium.Journal of Economic LiteratureClassification Numbers: C72, D71, D82.     

以信息化提升传统产业的对策研究

信息化建设是我国加快实现工业化和现代化的必然选择。以先进的信息技术改造提升传统产业,是实现传统产业跨越式发展、走新型工业化道路、提升企业竞争力的核心。     

The Test of Economic Literacy: Development and Results

In this study, the authors report on the revision of the Test of Economic Literacy for the fourth edition. The Test of Economic Literacy is a nationally-normed and standardized measure of the economic understanding of U.S. high school students. The economic content of the test is based on the Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics, which is used to establish the content validity for the test. The revision process is described and evidence on the test reliability and construct validity is presented from the test score analysis. The Test of Economic Literacy has a long and successful history of use by educators and researchers interested in economic education in high schools. The new edition should provide an improved instrument to continue that testing and research work.     

The Quantitative Law of Network Information Growth

Based on the assumptions of ＂information transfer＂ and ＂information creation＂, this paper educes the multiplied growth mechanism of network information： that the gross quantity of network information （Im） is about n times as much as the quantity of real network information （Ir）. According to this theoretical model, we give a uniform explanation to all kinds of information growth models in existence, and put forward some proposals, such as ＂forbidding information transfer＂ and ＂building up the central information base＂, to control the repeated information flooding on the network and facilitate the full use of network information.     

技术冲击和劳动供给对经济波动的影响分析--基于可分劳动RBC模型的实证检验

文章根据国内外经济波动的不同特征,构建了用于研究中国经济波动的可分劳动RBC模型,并对改革开放以来的中国经济进行了实证检验,从供给角度考察技术冲击对中国经济波动的影响,并在RBC模型框架下分析了技术进步对中国劳动市场的影响。研究发现,一是在固定劳动和可分劳动RBC模型中,技术冲击可以解释中国经济波动的主要部分;二是可分劳动RBC模型的实证结果表明,劳动供给变动对经济波动的影响较小,技术进步对改革后的产出、居民消费和就业都产生了正向冲击效应。技术进步对就业增长效应较小,致使我国的劳动需求增长率明显小于劳动供给增长率,劳动市场供需严重不平衡,这也是导致就业波动较为平缓、失业问题日趋严峻的一个重要原因。     

A Meta-analysis of the Gender Gap in Performance in Collegiate Economics Courses

The conventional wisdom has been that men outperform otherwise equivalent women in collegiate economics courses. Recent work in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields documenting gains by women suggests that it is time to reevaluate the gender performance gap in economics. Surveying 68 studies containing 235 distinct regressions published since 1980, we find that 68.4% of regressions report men outperform women, though this is only statistically significant in 30.7% of regressions. Although the literature points to numerous reasons for this gap, our focus is on the effects of study design and the impact of broad socio-cultural changes over time. Using meta-regression analysis, we find that the likelihood of observing a statistically significant gap has declined noticeably, by almost 3% annually. Although the drop may not be as large as in some STEM fields, the result is highly robust to the specification of the time trend and the model.     

A Model for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Economic Education in Primary Grades

Understandably, many economists have grave doubts about the possibility of teaching basic economic concepts to primary level children. Davison and Kilgore report on the development and use of their Primary Test of Economic Understanding. Some 500 second-grade pupils and 24 teachers were involved in their experiment. A control group made up of children who received regular social studies instruction was compared with experimental groups using primary level economics materials. Differences in the pupils' general academic ability, socioeconomic environment and teacher preparation were taken into account. The authors found that children in early elementary grades can learn certain basic economic concepts.