Experiential Learning in Economics

Real-life economic situations are simulated, and students are asked to perform decision-making roles. Economics is learned through “experience.”     

求解多层规划问题的新方法研究

在考虑普通多层规划模型求解困难及多层规划与多目标规划异同点的基础上,将求解多目标规划的方法引入到解决多层规划问题当中,为了真实反眏系统的递阶层次结构关系,根据各层之间及同层次之间各目标函数的相对重要性,对各层及同层各目标函数赋予相应的权重,最后提出了解决多层规划问题的两种新方法——理想点和线性加权和法,并通过算例证明其简单性及有效性。     

解决民营企业融资难的一个视角--构建信用评级体系

在民营企业融资的过程中,客观上需要一个媒介来传递有关民营企业经济实力的信息,以降低资金供方与需方之间的信息不对称,信用评级体系扮演这种角色正相宜.本文分析了信用评级体系对解决民营企业融资困境的作用,得出信用评级体系与其他解决民营企业融资困境措施之间的相关性.在分析我国建设信用评级体系的制约因素后,为构建我国信用评级体系提出针对性建议.     

Using Writing as a Tool for Learning Economics

Suggestions are offered on how to use writing as a way of involving students as active participants in the learning process, with sample assignments included.     

Social Economics and Evolutionary Learning

The major premise of this paper is that social and individual well-being depends significantly on people's capacity to learn and unlearn in communication with each other. This paper builds on social economic traditions that see communication and conversation as evolutionary generative and adaptive mechanisms through which individual and social learning occurs. Drawing on educational psychology and organizational behavior scholarship, five dynamic processes of conversational learning are introduced with the contention that they can help social economists understand at a micro level more deeply and more concretely how learning happens in the give-and-take of conversation. The paper explores the role of the state, organizations, and communities in fostering individual freedom and dignity, human rights, and economic democracy and concludes that the investment of value in people and their capability for purposeful action as social economic stakeholders can be enhanced through conversation as learning.     

面向业务问题求解的情境配置方法研究

在企业调研中发现,业务求解过程中相关的情境要素直接影响着业务求解绩效。然而目前缺乏面向业务求解的情境配置方法研究,业务求解过程中的情境配置往往被忽略,导致企业业务求解绩效低下。在企业调研的基础上,文章采用层次分析法进行业务求解情境建模,并提出数据驱动的业务求解情境配置方法。最后构建面向业务求解的情境配置服务体系框架,旨在为业务求解过程提供情境配置服务,有助于实现企业业务求解绩效的提升。     

An Evaluation of the Vanderbilt-JCEE Experimental PSI Course in Elementary Economics

This is considerably longer than articles normally accepted by the JEE, but we considered it to be an important follow-up of our Special Issue No. 2, “The Vanderbilt-JCEE Experimental Course in Elementary Economics.” (Winter 1974.) The authors address a number of aspects of PSI, some of which have rarely been touched upon by other researchers interested in this method. This paper deals not only with student learning and student reactions to PSI, but with its effects on performance in higher level economics courses, its impact on the student proctors in terms of their learning of economics, and the costs of establishing and maintaining a PSI course. Siegfried and Strand have not answered all the questions pertaining to self-paced instruction but, along with Allison, Billings, Fels, Soper, Spector, Tietenberg and others, they have contributed significantly to our knowledge of the effectiveness of PSI.     

A Rapid Grid Search Method for Solving Dynamic Programming Problems in Economics

We introduce a rapid grid search method in solving dynamic programming problems in economics. Compared to mainstream grid search methods, by using local information of the Bellman equation, this method can significantly increase the efficiency in solving dynamic programming problems by reducing the grid points searched in the control space.     

价格垄断问题的行为经济学分析

价格是市场的基本信号,对资源配置起着基础性作用. 价格垄断会导致市场功能陷入瘫痪,对经济的破坏难以估量,因此必须对价格垄断行为予以关注. 分析近年来价格垄断问题的几种具体行为表现,运用传统经济学的"市场失灵"论、"利润最大化"假说以及"市场结构"论对价格垄断行为进行解释,发现这些解释均存在缺陷,缺乏对企业价格垄断行为心理活动过程的分析. 因而运用行为经济学的预期理论、心理账户理论、"自我约束问题"和信息不对称等理论对价格垄断行为产生原因加以阐释,并进一步提出利用行为经济学规制价格垄断行为的对策.     

对环境问题的制度经济学分析

本文首先简述环境问题和外部性的关系以及解决环境问题的不同手段,然后论述了科斯等制度经济学家从产权角度对外部性和环境问题的分析及其局限性,最后对我国相关产权制度建设提出了建议。     

Applications of Generative Learning for the Survey of International Economics Course

Generative learning provides students with opportunities to organize course content, integrate new content with students' current knowledge, and elaborate on course content by making connections to real-world events. These opportunities promote less reliance on professors' lectures and simultaneously create more self-reliance among students. The authors offer categories of generative learning strategies and briefly discuss their merits. They offer ideas for implementing generative strategies into the day-to-day events of an economics course. Although the authors use a survey of international economics course as their example, the ideas in this article could be applied in a variety of economics courses.     

Decision Making Costs and Problem Solving Performance

We report the results from an experimental study of how problem solving behavior is affected by financial rewards. We formulate three alternative hypotheses: costly rationality, extrinsic/intrinsic trade-off, and distraction effects. Subjects play a computerized version of the Tower-of-Hanoi game and report their beliefs about the optimal solution through a quadratic scoring rule. Subjects participate in one of two treatments: a high penalty and a low penalty. We find that eliciting beliefs, in addition to observing playing behavior, reveals useful information about subjects' cognitive behavior. We reject our hypothesis that the increase in the extrinsic penalty affects the intrinsic valuation in such a way as to decrease the amount of effort applied.     

An Evaluation of the Use of the Marketplace Game in Junior College Economics

In the search for new and better ways of teaching economic concepts, instructors are turning to a wide variety of materials and methods. There is a need to evaluate any new technique, not only in broad general terms but in its use with a specific type of college or student. Furthermore, one cannot generalize about such things as games and simulations but should concentrate on evaluating particular pieces of material or approaches, and the effectiveness of those items with particular kinds of students. This article will raise many questions about the adequacy of the research that has been done in this field and will undoubtedly inspire others to employ similar means of testing and evaluating new materials and methods. Other educational researchers might be especially interested in the authors' use of factor analysis.     

An Educational Production Function for Principles of Economics

An educational production function is developed from the earlier models of Bloom, Hanushek, and Allison. Using two-stage least squares regression, the statistical analysis attempts to sort out the variables which are significant in explaining achievement and attitude in the first course in economics.     

电力产业化解两难困境的经济学研究

从供需均衡角度分析了长期困扰中国电力产业的两难困境(电力短缺和电价过高),而产生两难困境的根源在于垂直一体化垄断;尽管电力体制改革在一定程度上打破了这种垄断,但是电网公司的输配售一体化垄断仍然成为化解两难困境的梗阻;通过网售分开,在电力产业构建充分竞争的电力市场,有效降低电力的生产和零售成本,成本的降低推动供给曲线向右下方平移,在其他条件不变的前提下实现既降低电价又增加电量的目的,从而有效化解两难困境。     

An Approach to Testing the Effectiveness of the Teaching and Learning of Economics in High School

Based on data on students in a college economics principles course over a nine-year period, the authors conclude that high school economics does improve performance in the principles course but does not influence grades in intermediate theory classes.