2005年诺贝尔经济学奖得主--罗伯特·J.奥曼学术思想述评

罗伯特·J.奥曼(Robert J.Aumann)教授是2005年度诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一,其研究领域主要涉及博弈论、预期效用理论和完全竞争经济理论.奥曼教授对这些研究领域内许多理论的构筑和发展都作出了重要贡献.本文对奥曼教授的主要学术思想进行了简要梳理和评论.     

Perspectives on Economics in the School Curriculum: Coursework,Content, and Research

This review describes the conditions for teaching economics in the kindergarten through twelfth grade (K–12) curriculum in U.S. schools. The first section presents data on course-taking in economics in high schools and state mandates for economics instruction. It discusses the value of the infusion approach to teaching economics either in place of a separate course or as a complement to it. The second section describes the economic content that is taught to students as presented in content guides and standards. The final section presents research findings on (1) test instruments for measuring outcomes from economics instruction, (2) the effect of teacher coursework and training on the student economic understanding, and (3) how instructional materials complement or substitute for instructor selection and training.     

投资经济管理专业定位和课程设置问题的思考

本文针对目前投资专业专业性不强,不能适应社会发展需要,提出专业的发展机遇,指出专业改造和课程设置的方向,将投资经济管理专业改造成工程造价管理专业.     

Integrating Applied Field Work into the Undergraduate Economics Curriculum

This article documents the development and implementation of an undergraduate research methods course incorporating field work. Conducted in collaboration between the UW-Eau Claire Department of Economics and local elected officials and county staff in Buffalo County, Wisconsin undergraduate students were assigned the task of developing and presenting initiating a county-wide economic redevelopment strategy during the Spring term 2018. Course specific learning goals included: Hard skills development (software usage, data acquisition and analysis, benchmarking, and survey design) and soft skills development (presentation of sensitive economic information to lay audiences and teamwork). Initial results suggest that field-based coursework improves student learning, student interest in economics, improve local economic performance, and may help to bridge the “Town versus Gown” divide.     

技术经济学课程教学改革实践研究

技术经济学是一门技术和经济相交叉的边缘学科,具有很强的实践性。该课程的学习对学生加强经济管理知识,完善知识结构,提高综合素质,树立市场观念,都具有重要意义。长期以来,技术经济学课程传统的教学方式与单一的考试模式,易导致学生缺乏学习积极性,不利于学生自主学习能力和创新能力的培养。根据创新人才培养要求,通过北京建筑大学技术经济学课程教学改革实践,对技术经济学从教学内容、教学方式及考核方式等方面进行改革,总结出"讲授+案例+实践"三位一体的教学模式,新的教学模式以培养学生创新意识和实践能力为目标,大大提高学生理论联系实际的能力,锻炼学生解决实际问题的能力,开发学生学习的主动性和创新思维,并改变原有的单一考核方式为全过程、多角度评价,对于提高技术经济学课程教学效果具有积极的作用。     

Competing Models of Socially Constructed Economic Man: Differentiating Defoe's Crusoe from the Robinson of Neoclassical Economics

Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe has seldom been read as an explicitly political text. When it has, it appears that the central character was designed to warn the early eighteenth-century reader against political challenges to the existing economic order. Insofar as Defoe's Crusoe stands for ‘economic man’, he is a reflection of historically produced assumptions about the need for social conformity, not the embodiment of any genuinely essential economic characteristics. This insight is used to compare Defoe's conception of economic man with that of the neoclassical Robinson Crusoe economy. On the most important of the ostensibly generic principles espoused by neoclassical theorists, their ‘Robinson’ has no parallels with Defoe's Crusoe. Despite the shared name, two quite distinct social constructions serve two equally distinct pedagogical purposes. Defoe's Crusoe extols the virtues of passive middle-class sobriety for effective social organisation; the neoclassical Robinson champions the establishment of markets for the sake of productive efficiency.     

Alan Gillie,Input-Output Economics.

Turnovsky observes that “the rational expectations hypothesis has had a profound impact on macroeconomic theory and policy during the past decade.” Tracing briefly the evolution of the ideas involved, he concludes that “… a consensus view is emerging that in fact under quite plausible conditions the policy neutrality proposition does not hold; therefore, there is still scope for policy rules to play an important role in stabilizing output.”

The mathematics used in the article is expository rather than analytical, requiring of the reader only somewhat more than the usual amount of persistence, faith in the author's interpretation of the literature, and a willingness to accept the integrity of economic models as representative of the real world. This is “required” reading for those teaching macroeconomics.