Policy Rules and Monetarist Arithmetic

This note demonstrates the existence of an important equilibrium path overlooked in the literature on monetarist arithmetic. Pleasant monetarist arithmetic is possible when the interest‐elasticity of money demand exceeds unity. In this case, tight money may lead to a transitory increase in seigniorage, the retirement of government debt, and lower inflation in both the short run and the long run. The set of equilibrium paths is sensitive, however, to the form of the policy rule. Pleasant monetarist arithmetic is not an equilibrium if the policy rule fixes the share of the fiscal deficit financed by seigniorage. Both pleasant monetarist arithmetic and the tight‐money paradox are equilibrium paths when the government's commitment to low money growth is conditional on inflation remaining below its previous level.     

On the optimality of the Friedman rule in a New Monetarist model

We study a monetary model in which buyers choose search intensity and prices are considered as given in a decentralized market. We indicate that the Friedman rule may not be optimal.     

企业家人格新论

以往的企业家人格理论认为企业家人格即企业家的道德伦理人格。简单地讲，企业家人格是一个企业家所具有的性格特征，道德伦理人格只是企业家人格的一个方面。本文从“人格是一个心理学的范畴”这一角度出发，界定了企业家人格定义，并对企业家人格的六大主要构成要素进行了阐述。     

A Portlander's View of Smart Growth

Metro, a regional planning authority, has written and implemented the nation's strongest and most comprehensive smart-growth plan in Portland, Oregon. For a region expected to grow in population by 80 percent in the next five decades, Metro's plan calls for a mere 6 percent expansion of land area; high-density housing in the form of apartments, mixed-use developments, and single-family homes on small lots; pedestrian-friendly design codes; 125 miles of rail transit; and almost no new highway construction. Though smart-growth advocates promise their policies will reduce congestion, clean the air, provide affordable housing, protect open space, and reduce urban-service costs, Metro's plan does the opposite of all these things. Metro planners predict its plan will quadruple the time Portlanders waste sitting in traffic by 2020 and increase smog by 10 percent. The artificial land shortage posed by the urban-growth boundary has already turned Portland from one of the nation's most affordable housing markets to one of the ten least affordable ones. The plan's demand for infill development is sacrificing valuable urban open space to protect abundant rural open space. Rail transit and high-density developments both require huge subsidies. Portlanders initially supported Metro's efforts because they were told that planning would save Portland from becoming like Los Angeles, the nation's most congested and polluted urban area. In fact, Los Angeles is also the nation's densest urban area and has the fewest miles of freeway per capita, making it the epitome of smart growth. This actually led Metro to conclude that its goal is to “replicate” Los Angeles' development patterns in Portland. The result is that Portland-area residents are increasingly hostile to Metro's plans.     

基于组织公民行为视角的和谐企业建设

文章分析了组织公民行为的作用以及与和谐企业的关系,提出了一些激发员工组织公民行为,促进和谐企业建设的对策。     

国内企业融资偏好研究综述

众所周知,国内企业融资偏好呈现出与西方“优序融资理论”不符的特点,针对这一情况,本文对国内企业融资偏好的研究文献进行了综述,总结了融资偏好现状、成因及对国内研究的发展方向提出建议。认为未来的研究应该通过更多的理论模型、实证检验以及案例分析,从产品市场竞争和公司战略,以及从资本市场融资条件角度研究我国企业的融资偏好。     

基于战略视角的创业导向研究

创业导向作为一种战略选择,是当前企业战略管理领域的一个新视角。在对相关研究总结的基础上。本文系统探讨了创业导向的内涵与构建、决定因素及其与其他战略导向之间的关系等几个方面。在此基础上。本文认为,创业导向是企业内一外战略的有效整合与提升。最后,本文时创业导向的实践和研究进行了展望。     

Inequality Beyond GDP: A Long View

This paper addresses international inequality in multidimensional well-being during the last one-and-a-half centuries. Inequality fell in health and education since the late 1920s, due to the globalization of mass schooling and the diffusion of the health transition, but only dropped in population-weighted terms from 1970 onward for political and civil liberties, as the emergence of authoritarian regimes increased its dispersion since the end of World War I. In terms of augmented human development inequality declined since 1900. These results are at odds with per capita income inequality that rose over time and only shrank from 1990 onward. The gap between the OECD and the Rest of the world accounted only partially for inequality in well-being since the dispersion within developing regions became its main driver from the mid-20th century onward. Countries in the middle and lower deciles of the world distribution achieved the largest relative gain over the past century.     

从方法论角度看旅游卫星账户TSA(2001)的方法属性

旅游卫星账户(TSA)是国际上进行旅游核算的一种新的统计方法.本文研究探讨了联合国旅游卫星账户--TSA(2001)的方法属性,从而得出这种方法可能需要改进的结论.     

论科学的政府绩效审计观

科学的政府绩效观应充分体现以人为本、全面、协调、可持续发展的发展思想与战略。本文在探讨科学绩效观的基础上,重点研究了科学的政府绩效审计的目标、地位、模式与标准等基础性问题。     

A Resource-based View of Innovativeness in Small Firms

The resource-based view is presented here as the theoretical framework for empirical research on the determinants of technological innovativeness in small firms. These determinants include the characteristics of the owner/manager (O/M) and the firm and some technological assets (resources and capabilities). Evidence based on case studies is used for the evaluation of their effect on innovativeness and their interaction. The study highlights the key role of the O/M and the importance of some of his/her characteristics. It also shows the impact of certain resources and capabilities. The O/M emerges as the orchestrator of resource accumulation and capability development in the innovative firms.     

考德威尔艺术观探析

考德威尔是"战前英国唯一真正最早的马克思主义者"和著名的马克思主义批评家之一,他在20世纪30年代的理论创新对英国马克思主义产生了很大影响。考德威尔率先将马克思主义与英国本土文化相结合进行理论探索,他的艺术观对马克思主义文艺批评理论做出了重要贡献。研究考德威尔的艺术观是学习马克思主义美学的重要一环。     

消费者视野中的企业社会责任--关于企业社会责任的消费者调研

消费者愿意对哪些企业的社会责任行为给予更多的支持，是企业界所关心的热点问题。本文揭示了目前中国消费者对企业社会责任的认识，希望能为企业构建社会负责形象提供一点参考。