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1.
Saudi Arabia is an important country in the Islamic world, and Islam prohibits the payment and receipt of interest, a key component of modern commercial bank loans. Yet the levels of commercial bank lending in the country for private non‐commercial purposes has been rising sharply for the past decade. This study seeks an explanation for this increase by examining the nature of consumer attitudes towards debt in the country, and whether the increasing levels of consumer debt can be explained by existing positive debt attitudes. Using data from a convenience sample of consumers in the major cities of the country, the study finds general debt attitudes to be surprisingly positive, though tempered by the consumption purpose for which the debt is acquired. However, the positive attitudes are unrelated to actual debt acquisition. Rather, socio‐demographic differences in attitudes are similar to those reported in the literature. Attitudes are generally more positive among young, highly educated Saudi males than other socio‐demographic groups. This suggests a possible struggle to manage a conflict between the Islamic prohibition of interest‐based borrowing and demands of the modern economy.  相似文献   

2.
Household debt relative to disposable income increased from 60% in 1980 to 104% at the end of 2003. ‘Buying on credit’ has become so popular that an increasing number of firms generate more profit from financing than from selling their products. In this paper, we show that rising income inequality has substantially contributed to increased consumer borrowing. Income inequality affects all components of total household debt, but the impact is strongest on non-revolving debt (installment loans), which is used to finance the purchase of consumer durables. We argue and provide evidence that the income inequality effect on consumer borrowing is a result of conspicuous consumption. Rising income inequality has forced households with smaller income gains to use debt to keep up their consumption level relative to households with larger income gains.JEL Classification: D12, G29, J31, M30  相似文献   

3.
    
This research investigates the relation between financial literacy and the cost of borrowing via credit cards and mortgage loans among US consumers. This is a departure from previous studies that have focused on levels of debt in relation to human capital, either financial knowledge or education. Data from the Consumer Finance Monthly (CFM) survey are used to specifically examine the effect of financial literacy on borrowing rates for credit cards and mortgages controlling for other human capital influences. The CFM is a national survey, rich in American consumer credit information, and includes a comprehensive instrument specifically designed to measure financial literacy. Results indicate that those who are financially literate are about twice as likely to have lower costs of borrowing for both credit cards and mortgage loans.  相似文献   

4.
    
This study used the 2016 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) and focused on whether holding different types of loans influenced debt delinquency among Millennial and non‐Millennial households. When the total sample was analyzed, there was a difference in debt delinquency between the two groups, and holding different types of loans was associated with debt delinquency. In subsample models, the logistic results showed that while auto loans’ effect on debt delinquency was negative, student loans and other installment loans’ effects on debt delinquency were positive for both groups. In addition, Millennials who held housing loans were less likely to be delinquent on debt payments overall. These findings have implications for debt management education and attention from policymakers in assisting households with a debt burden.  相似文献   

5.
Sustained large U.S. current account deficits have led some economists and policymakers to worry that future current account adjustment could occur through a sudden and disruptive depreciation of the dollar and a sharp drop in U.S. consumption. Two factors that, to date, have cast doubt on such concerns are the stability of U.S. net external liabilities and the minimal net income payments made by the United States on these liabilities. We show that the stability of the external position reflects sizable capital gains stemming from strong foreign equity markets and a weaker dollar—conditions that could be reversed in the future. We also show that while minimal U.S. net income payments reflect a much higher measured rate of return on U.S. foreign direct investment (FDI) assets than on U.S. FDI liabilities, JEL Classification F21  相似文献   

6.
    
Many studies of consumer debtors have identified risk factors associated with chronic consumer debt. Chronic consumer debtors exist in an environment of ongoing efforts to survive financially and meet their debt commitments. Despite otherwise favourable economic conditions for the community at large such as low interest rates and low levels of unemployment, the chronic consumer debtor remains continuously at peril of overcommitment. An analysis of financial counselling interviews in New South Wales (the largest state in Australia) has been used to identify the group that the authors believe to be most at risk of chronic consumer debt in Australia. Other independent studies are provided to support the choice of the identified group. The situation for chronic consumer debtors is contrasted to the situation for acute cases. While financial literacy and support programmes can be provided to the community, the ability to target programmes towards a specifically identifiable group concentrates activities on measures aimed to alleviate the distress caused by ongoing financial hardship for one particular consumer group. The challenge of reducing chronic consumer debt has the potential to raise awareness and understanding of risk factors for consumer debtors generally. Thus, concentrated efforts towards alleviating chronic consumer debt may lead to a reduction in consumer financial overcommitment.  相似文献   

7.
    
Tuition increases have become all too common as states have cut spending to public institutions and private schools face declining enrollments. As such, understanding the effects of various methods of framing tuition increases is an important, but infrequently researched topic. The authors examine different ways to frame tuition increases presented to students in business-related courses. The outcomes of two empirical studies demonstrate that mental accounting may play a role in how these frames differentially affect students’ responses to tuition increases. These differences in turn have significant implications for business program administrators and faculty.  相似文献   

8.
李芳  陈德棉 《财贸研究》2011,22(1):94-98
信贷集中利弊的理论研究尚缺乏结合中国银行业数据的论证,而近年商业银行实际发放信贷有明显的集中倾向,实证研究信贷集中的风险、收益效应对银行未来信贷决策有重要理论参考价值。根据我国信贷的周期性,选取2005—2009年12家样本银行数据指标进行实证分析,结果发现,信贷集中能够为银行带来收益,但也会带来不良贷款率增加、贷款减值损失增加和贷款质量恶化等负面效应。  相似文献   

9.
信用消费在微观上有助于消费者克服流动性约束,自由进行跨时期消费选择,实现家庭效用和福利的最大化;在宏观上是扩大居民有效需求,促进经济增长行之有效的手段。本文认为消费者观念滞后、商业银行对信用消费态度消极、法律与制度环境不利以及宏观经济环境具有较大不确定性等四方面因素是制约我国信用消费发展的瓶颈。为了促进信用消费发展,应培育居民合理的信用消费方式,提高其个人消费信贷的积极性,完善个人资信体系和社会信用机制,保持宏观经济快速发展。  相似文献   

10.
    
This research project was undertaken to study young adults’ attitudes towards credit in general. A sample of 980 young Canadian adults, ages 18–29, participated in a telephone survey. Results reveal that they recognize both the advantages and the risks associated with credit. Regression analysis shows that attitudes towards credit is positively related to education, the number of credit cards held and knowledge of credit, but negatively related to the number of children. The young adults who reported that their parents and friends are heavy credit users are more likely to have positive attitudes towards credit. No link was found with the participants’ level of debt.  相似文献   

11.
陈敏  李丹 《商业研究》2003,(10):74-76
个人信用制度是消费信贷发展的“润滑剂” ,目前由于个人信用制度的缺乏与空白 ,在一定程度上制约了消费信贷的发展。因此 ,结合国内外的先进经验 ,建立适合黑龙江省消费信贷业务发展的个人信用制度具有重要意义。应从完善个人消费信用活动档案 ,建立个人基本账户及完善个人资信评估体系等方面强化个人消费制度的建设。  相似文献   

12.
    
This study investigated the relationship between credit constraint and credit use of U.S. households after the Great Recession using the 2010 and 2013 Survey of Consumer Finances datasets. When both datasets were used for analysis, the size of the sample was 12,497 households. Credit use was investigated for the following: (i) installment loan debt and (ii) outstanding credit card balances. A household was categorized as credit‐constrained if the household had been turned down for credit in the past five years or if the household was discouraged from applying for credit. Results of the analyses using a Heckman selection model indicated that households experiencing credit constraint were 13.62% more likely to hold installment loans and to have larger loan amounts than those not experiencing credit constraint. Also, constrained households were 6.65% more likely to hold outstanding credit card balances, but those households had smaller outstanding credit card balances than households who were not experiencing credit constraint. In other words, there were higher rates of credit use among households experiencing credit constraint. This could be the result of past credit use instead of inability to borrow.  相似文献   

13.
当前国内消费形势与增进我国消费的政策建议   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文首先对我国当前的消费形势进行了总体分析,接着针对上述问题,提出了一系列增进我国消费的政策建议,包括:构建中国的消费政策体系,加快社会保障制度建设,增强居民的消费信心,切实增加居民收入,促使消费者转变消费观念,加快推进消费信贷等。  相似文献   

14.
国际金融危机后实施的“金融救市”政策是导致地方政府债务迅速扩张的外部因素,地方政府债务的迅速扩张又反过来加剧了银行的信贷风险,为金融体系的不稳定性埋下隐患.实证研究发现,金融危机后实施的救市政策构成了商业银行“对政府债权”的显著差异与结构突变;商业银行“对政府债权”对银行的不良贷款率和存贷比显著正相关.  相似文献   

15.
基于融资融券的证券信用交易体制是中国证券市场制度建设不可或缺的重要组成部分。2008年10月5日,中国证监会宣布启动融资融券试点,文章试对美国、日本、中国台湾以及中国大陆试点的信用交易模式进行了比较研究,并写了几点启示以资借鉴。  相似文献   

16.
    
This study examined the profile of student loan holders in the United States. Data were extracted from the pooled dataset of the 2010 and 2013 Survey of Consumer Finances. The sample included 2,161 households with outstanding student loans. The analyses focused on: (1) amount of the outstanding balance of the student loan; (2) loan payment‐to‐income ratio, and (3) loan delinquency. Factors that were positively related to the amount of student loan debt included: education, income, and homeownership. Factors that were positively related to the loan payment‐to‐income ratio included: age, education, presence of children between aged 18 and 25, net worth, and self‐employment. In regard to loan delinquency, households with credit constraints were more likely to be delinquent on their student loans. Interestingly, education, net worth, and homeownership were negatively related to being delinquent on student loans.  相似文献   

17.
盈余管理与企业债务期限结构   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以中国A股市场上市公司2001-2005年的经验数据为样本,实证分析了盈余管理对企业债务期限结构的影响,认为在我国企业的长期债务契约中普遍存在着盈余管理,而且盈余管理越多越容易获得长期借款;如果该企业是国有企业,其为了满足债务契约的保护性条款的盈余管理就变得不显著,这种现象的发生原因在于国有企业中存在着政治性贷款,且又存在预算软约束,故在银行与国有企业的债务契约中对会计信息的依赖会比较少,导致国有企业的盈余管理动机也削弱。由于受到债务契约条件的硬约束,非国有企业则存在着大量的盈余管理以获取长期借款。  相似文献   

18.
农村消费对我国经济增长起着举足轻重的作用。通过实证分析,我国农民的收入与消费水平呈正相关关系,收入是影响农民消费最直接、最具决定性的因素。目前我国城市化水平低下、农村剩余劳动力转移困难、农村中非农产业发展迟缓及收入分配差距加大等原因,对农民收入及消费水平的提高产生了较大负面影响,已成为我国农村消费市场一直启而不动的根本原因  相似文献   

19.
    
This article analyses the development of financial problems after leaving one's parental home, and considers how financial problems are associated with likelihood of boomeranging (i.e., adult children returning to parental home). The 9‐year follow‐up study focused on a nationally representative sample of Finnish young people between the ages of 15 and 25 who moved out from their parental home between 2006 and 2009 (n = 9,196). The measure of debt problems was based on monthly data on debt enforcement, a legal matter which may bring serious consequences for the debtors. The primary within‐individual, longitudinal analyses showed that debt problems increased directly after leaving parental home. Education and family background were significant predictors of debt problems in the four years after leaving parental home. Early leavers had significantly more debt problems than later leavers. Debt problems were associated with a higher likelihood of moving back to parental home. The results imply that it is important to support economic decision‐making during early adulthood.  相似文献   

20.
目前,黑龙江省农村信用社的发展还处于较低水平,发展过程还存在诸多问题.农村信用社总体上信贷规模小,资金供给不足;风险防范意识薄弱,缺乏市场竞争思想;产权归属不明,内部管理混乱.应借鉴国内发达省市经验,开展金融产品和服务创新,扩大存、贷款规模;以市场为导向,以赢利为目标,以利率为杠杆,减轻市场风险,维持农信社的持续经营;加快变革农村信用社的产权制度,明晰产权归属,完善法人治理结构;有效建立信用评级组织,开展政策性保险,以多渠道防范小额信贷的信用风险.  相似文献   

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