商务部、科技部出台鼓励文持科技型企业“走出去”的政策措施

科技型企业“走出去”是科技兴贸战略与“走出去”战略的有机结合，是“走出去”战略向高层次发展的标志，也是贯彻十六大精神和落实科学发展观，更好地利用两个市场和两种资源，促进国民经济可持续发展的重要措施。为贯彻落实“走出去”战略，鼓励科技型企业“走出去”，商务部、科技部于2005年11月出台了一系列鼓励支持科技型企业“走出去”的政策措施。这些政策措施是。     

英语阅读中的三种常用阅读方法

本文主要介绍了三种常用的阅读方法.第一种即至下而上阅读法,它有利于扩大阅读者的词汇量,但不利于理解篇章内容.第二种即至上而下阅读法,它能使读者在不认知全部单词的情况下理解篇章含义,但对于没有经验的读者来说,有一定局限性.因此另一种综合以上两方法优点的五动式阅读法出现了.这种方法综合各方面信息、能力去理解文章,已实际应用于英语教学中.     

电子商务带给传统企业发展前景的观望

随着信息技术和计算机网络技术的进步,电子商务迅猛发展。它带给传统企业的变革也是至上而下的,传统企业需要重新调整市场战略及企业内部的管理方法,其发展前景将随着电子商务的深入运用步入春天。     

中央转制科技型企业绩效管理中指标体系的构建

科技型企业绩效管理一直是人力资源管理者关注的话题,特别是指标体系的构建更是绩效管理的核心.笔者从分析绩效管理与绩效评价的不同着手,引出基于平衡计分卡的关键绩效指标构建思路,结合科技型企业的主营业务类型分析指标体系的构建,以期通过对科技型企业指标体系的研究给同类企业以参考与借鉴.     

谈企业文化变革的有效途径

企业文化变革是一项复杂任务,如果没有明晰的思路,文化变革很难成功.因此,本文提出企业文化变革的四步流程,以期制定出符合实际的变革计划.     

文化驱动老字号企业常青——上海九百集团食品有限公司新海派的企业文化建设

第五篇企业文化“补强”调遁艺术 企业文化变革， 这里指称其为企业文化创新驱动。 变革——“朴强”调适。     

科技型企业股权方式对企业业绩影响的实证分析

通过对科技型企业股权再融资后企业的短期市场反应和长期业绩变化,研究科技型企业股权再融资方式对企业业绩的影响,发现科技型企业进行股权再融资后企业业绩是上升的。可见,股权融资方式有利于科技型企业融通资金,调整融资结构,有利于企业的发展,不存在“困钱”动机。     

基层党政“双肩挑”新课题的探索

党政“双肩挑”，是对党政分设的一种调整模式，是理顺党政关系的一种选择，也是当前新形势下国有企业基层党政关系变革的一项新的课题。结合企业实践以与时俱进的思想方法和精神状态，对实施基层党政“双肩挑”作进一步思考，正确认识和把握“双肩挑、双到位”，进一步加强和完善基层党政“双肩挑”机制，使其既能促进企业健康发展，又能真正发挥基层党组织服务群众、凝聚人心的作用，体现出实实在在的“双肩挑”。[第一段]     

构建"金字塔"型企业文化

不同的企业有不同的企业文化。即使相同的文化在不同的企业中也会有不同的内涵。构建“金字塔”型企业文化是企业文化建设的有效方法。“金字塔”型企业文化包括一种无形文化。四种有形文化，其中精神文化是企业文化的灵魂，企业文化建设的重点是构建企业精神文化。通过“五抓”才能使企业的精神文化成为员工群体的共同意识和经营理念。只有企业的精神文化已成为员工共同的价值观和行为方式，才能最终实现企业的可持续发展。     

用企业文化打破管理困局

企业文化建设是一种把战略转换为全员思想和行动的有效管理手段。很多时候，企业文化是听不见的旋律，人们对自己熟悉的文化可能毫无感知，但它却真实地无时无刻地影响着人们的思维和行为。然而，企业文化不是一成不变的，随着时代变迁，企业需要不断变革更新、与时俱进。死死抓住过去的成功经验不放，可能会失去对环境的敏感性。那些能适应企业未来发展需求的企业文化，可以带领企业走向成功，而不适应未来发展需要的文化则可能导致企业走向毁灭。     

A Cosmopolitan Court for Transnational Corporate Wrongdoing: Why Its Time Has Come

In the absence of any institution for imposing legal liability on global business, the idea of instituting a cosmopolitan court for international corporate offenses is advocated. The proposal is then critically examined and defended in light of a number of key objections. Having both civil and criminal jurisdiction, such a tribunal could benefit domestic and international legal systems, multinational corporations, and victims of transnational and international corporate misdeeds. By laying down minimal global standards of corporate liability, resolving conflicts between the regulatory activities of national legal systems, and affording redress for aggrieved parties in countries with inadequate legal infrastructures, the tribunal would promote the objectives of compensatory, distributive, procedural and retributive justice at the global level. Moreover, the court would assist corporations by translating compliance with minimum ethical standards to the bottom line. Ethical corporations will gain competitive advantage relative to unscrupulous firms, since the latter'ss activities will be sanctioned. The international community need not leave obedience to basic norms up to the voluntary good-will and discretion of multinational firms.     

我国中小企业发展中的问题与对策研究

本文认为,我国中小企业的总体水平不高,存在着缺乏科学的经营战略、融资难、自身的企业文化阻碍其健康发展、客户关系管理不完善、人员整体素质偏低、管理方法落后及水平低下等问题。要解决这些问题,必须要强化战略管理,结合自身实际,选择“小而精、小而专”战略、经营特色战略、高新技术战略或特许经营战略等;建立适合自身特点的人力资源管理机制,建立科学、合理的薪酬机制,采取股权激励、提供晋升和发展机会等方法留才用才;创建有特色的企业文化,与时俱进,凝聚企业员工;建立健全客户关系管理制度,对有价值的客户采取有针对性的策略。同时,政府也要介入,政府、金融机构与企业协作,为中小企业的健康发展提供便利。     

Developing a Leadership-Rich Culture: The Missing Link to Creating a Market-Focused Organization

Much has been written about the need for organizations to be more market-focused. Authors have addressed a myriad of constructs which promote the realization of the marketing concept. This article examines leadership and its development in the context of creating a market-focused organization. It links the areas of leadership development, leadership skills, and internal customer culture to the strategy development process. The emphasis in a leadership-rich culture is on the relationships between leaders, followers, and customers. This idea parallels existing thought in the relationship marketing literature touting the benefits of relationships in buyer-seller partnerships and network structures. In addition, this article offers a leadership deployment process to create a market-focused organization from top to bottom.     

Job machine,think tank,or both: what makes corporate spin-offs different?

One way through which knowledge and technology transfer can take place is through the foundation of new firms by former employees of incumbent private firms. In this paper, we examine whether knowledge transferred from the incumbent causally affect employment growth and post-entry innovation activities of the new firm. We focus on start-ups for which a new idea (a new product, technology, production process, or management concept), which the founder developed during her work as an employee, was essential for setting up the new business. These firms are denoted corporate spin-offs. Using data from German start-ups founded in the period from 2005 to 2008, we apply nearest-neighbour propensity score matching. We find that corporate spin-offs outperform other start-ups founded by former employees of incumbent private firms that are not based on an essential idea in terms of post-entry innovation activities. However, we cannot show that corporate spin-offs benefit from the transferred idea in terms of employment growth. We conclude that a transferred idea is primarily an input factor and a stimulus for subsequent post-entry innovation activities of corporate spin-offs.     

Forecasting the World Economy in the Short Term

(1433) Audrone Jakaitiene and Stephane Dees Forecasting the world economy is a difficult task given the complex interrelationships within and across countries. This paper proposes a number of approaches to forecast short‐term changes in selected world economic variables and aims, first, at ranking various forecasting methods in terms of forecast accuracy and, second, at checking whether methods forecasting directly aggregate variables (direct approaches) outperform methods based on the aggregation of country‐specific forecasts (bottom‐up approaches). Overall, all methods perform better than a simple benchmark for short horizons (up to 3 months ahead). Among the forecasting approaches used, factor models appear to perform the best. Moreover, direct approaches outperform bottom‐up ones for real variables, but not for prices. Finally, when country‐specific forecasts are adjusted to match direct forecasts at the aggregate levels (top‐down approaches), the forecast accuracy is neither improved nor deteriorated (i.e. top‐down and bottom‐up approaches are broadly equivalent in terms of country‐specific forecast accuracy).     

知识管理视角下我国IT企业的文化塑造

本文认为,知识管理在IT企业中的运用是将企业知识作为“资本资产”来进行运营的管理实践活动。在知识管理视角下,IT企业的文化是创新的文化、学习的文化、合作的文化、共享的文化。文章提出,培育企业文化应注意其内在精神,IT企业以知识管理为基础的文化建设,应包括活力、适应性、时代精神、沟通与共享的核心理念与强大持久的执行能力。     

Top‐Down Versus Bottom‐Up Demand Forecasts: The Value of Shared Point‐of‐Sale Data in the Retail Supply Chain

Accurate demand forecasts are critical to maintaining customer service levels and minimizing total costs, yet increasingly difficult to achieve. Using weekly point‐of‐sale (POS) and order data for 10 ready‐to‐eat cereal stock‐keeping units from 18 regional U.S. grocery distribution centers, this research empirically investigates two demand forecasting issues: (1) the accuracy of top‐down versus bottom‐up demand forecasts; and (2) whether shared POS data improve demand forecast accuracy. The results reveal a previously unexplored relationship between demand forecast methodology and the use of shared POS data. We find that the superiority of the top‐down or bottom‐up forecasting as the more accurate demand forecast method depends on whether shared POS data are used.     

Defining Corporate Citizenship: Evidence from Australia

This study reports the results of a survey of the attitudes to corporate citizenship and practices of corporate citizenship of 93 of the largest private and publicly listed corporations in Australia. The results suggest there was considerable hesitation in positioning corporate citizenship as a proactive, long term, internal culture process. Instead, corporate emphasis was generally on short-term community activities. Also, there was little variation in these results when respondents were classified by industry, international involvement and legal structure. Clearly, significant links have yet to be made by corporate Australia to connect the financial, social and environmental bottom lines.     

Exploring the connection between frustration and consumer choice behavior in a dynamic decision environment

This research proposes that frustration during the purchase process for high‐technology durable goods has a significant effect on the probability that consumers will commit to a technology and make a purchase. In order to explore the effects of consumer frustration on the purchase process, a scale is developed that reveals that frustration in high‐technology decision environments is composed of two dimensions, processing frustration and frustration with the pace of technological change. These dimensions of frustration have a significant effect on consumer choice behavior. While processing frustration significantly reduces the probability of commitment to a technology, the probability of making a decision is significantly lower when consumers are frustrated with the pace of technological change. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

浅谈培育和塑造企业文化的重要意义

企业文化对一个企业的发展至关重要。企业文化建设的根本目的，是为了培育和塑造企业文化，必须坚持以人为本，对员工形成凝聚力和向心力；要注重创新变革，引入优秀经验文化、继承性的发展自身文化；企业必须树立正确的价值观，并使价值观在管理实践中得以体现；要明确企业文化建设的根本目的，即为了企业持续发展，获得更强大的生命力；要建立清晰、实用、科学的企业文化体系，用文化力驱动生产力。