Oil and the economy: evolution not revolution

Oil price shocks have had significant effects on the U.S. economy, keeping energy supply, energy policy, and energy security always in focus. The U.S. energy industry has become more efficient and productive, with increased output despite a smaller energy sector. Since the oil price shocks of the 70s, both the impact of oil price shocks and the way we think about them have changed. The impact of an oil price shock on GDP and core inflation is much smaller in magnitude than in the past and depends on the source of the price shock. The recent shale boom in the U.S. has significantly increased oil production to a record high. The short-cycle supply response of shale producers to price changes have trimmed the peaks and troughs of oil prices in the medium term. The shale boom has lowered our dependence on foreign oil and made us less vulnerable to a classic oil supply shock, but we need to contemplate the vulnerabilities that arise from the externalities of our energy use, which will become more critical as we go forward.     

Comparative Analysis of Text Data in Successful Face-to-Face and Electronic Negotiations

Various combination of Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning methods offer ample opportunities wherever texts are an important element of an application or a research area. Such methods discover patterns and regularities in the data, seek generalization and in effect learn new knowledge. We have employed such methods in learning from a large amount of textual data. Our application is electronic negotiations. The genre of texts found in electronic negotiations may seem limited. It is an important research question whether our methods and findings apply equally well to texts that come from face-to-face negotiations. In order to confirm such more general applicability, we have analyzed comparable collections of texts from electronic and face-to-face negotiations. We present our findings on the extent of similarity between these two related but distinct genres. In this study we have analyzed similarities in the text data of electronic and face-to-face negotiations. The results show that – in certain conditions – vocabulary richness, language complexity and text predictability are similar.This is an expanded version of a paper published in the Proceedings of FINEXIN 2005 (Workshop on the Analysis of Formal and Informal Information Exchange during Negotiations), 31–42, Ottawa, Canada, May 2005.     

Statistical conclusion validity in experimental designs used in business research

This article is intended as a tutorial on the use of experimental design methodology in business research. In particular, the issue of statistical conclusion validity is considered. Several recently published reports that have used experimental methodology are discussed in detail. Each report illustrates serious errors in the match between the statistical analysis and the research design. A more reasonable design and analysis are suggested for each case. The paper concludes by offering some guidelines for the evaluation of experimental results and for the training of future researchers.     

国内社会政策领域的研究方法考察:基于2007-2010年核心期刊论文的内容分析

采用定量与定性相结合的方法,对近三年发表于核心期刊的389篇社会政策研究文章所使用的研究方法进行了内容分析。在我国的社会政策研究中,规范性研究较多,实证性研究较少,实证研究中主要使用的是调查研究、实地研究、文献研究与制度分析等研究方法,其中也确实涌现出了一批较为规范的实证研究,但是还远未能形成与国际接轨的研究方法体系,这也阻止了我国社会政策学科的专业化和"本土化"。应该加强社会政策研究方法体系的建设,促进社会政策学科的成熟,为社会政策的理论与实践提供研究工具上的支撑。     

从传统经济型政府向流程型政府转变的探讨

由于目前政府改革正在进行 ,本文提出了以“服务链”为核心 ,通过政府流程再造 ,建立流程型政府的思路。文章对“服务链”为核心的服务流程的核心思想进行了相关分析 ,指出了传统经济型政府流程的特点、存在的缺陷 ,在分析传统经济型政府与流程型政府差异的基础上 ,提出了构建流程型政府的途径。     

Reference Process Flows for Telecommunication Companies

The telecommunication market is experiencing substantial changes. New business models, innovative services, and technologies require reengineering, transformation, and process standardization. Enterprise Architecture Frameworks support the transformation by specifying methods, procedures, and reference models. With the Enhanced Telecom Operation Map (eTOM), the TM Forum offers an international de facto reference process framework, based on specific features and requirements of the telecommunication industry. However, this reference framework only offers a hierarchical collection of processes on different levels of abstraction; a control view in terms of a sequential ordering of tasks and hence a real process flow as well as an end-to-end view on the customer are missing. In this paper, we extend the eTOM reference model by reference process flows, in which we abstract and generalize the knowledge about processes in telecommunication companies. With reference process flows, we aim to assist companies in achieving a structured and transparent re-structuring and re-design of their processes. We demonstrate the applicability and usefulness of our reference process flows in two case studies, and evaluate them by means of criteria for reference model evaluation. Our reference process flows have been accepted as a standard by the TM Forum and published as part of eTOM version 9. We further elaborate on those components of our approach which can be applied outside the telecommunication industry.     

Psychology, Behavioral Economics, and Public Policy

Economics has typically been the social science of choice to inform public policy and policymakers. In the current paper we contemplate the role behavioral science can play in enlightening policymakers. In particular, we provide some examples of research that has and can be used to inform policy, reflect on the kind of behavioral science that is important for policy, and approaches for convincing policy-makers to listen to behavioral scientists. We suggest that policymakers are unlikely to invest the time translating behavioral research into its policy implications, and researchers interested in influencing public policy must therefore invest substantial effort, and direct that effort differently than in standard research practices.     

The use of sampling methods in advertising research: a gap between theory and practice

In this research note, we reflect critically on the use of sampling techniques in advertising research. Our review of 1028 studies published between 2008 and 2016 in the four leading advertising journals shows that while current academic literature advocates probability sampling procedures, their actual usage is quite scarce. Most studies either lack information on the sampling method used, or engage in non-probability sampling without making adjustments to compensate for unequal selection probabilities, non-coverage, and sampling fluctuations. Based on our results, we call on researchers to revisit the fundamental aspects of sampling to increase their research results’ rigour and relevance.     

International marketing research: A global project management perspective

As organizations continue to pursue more global strategies, the need to be able to understand consumers in far away places is increasing. Marketing research is the primary mechanism through which companies understand their current, as well as potential, customers. As companies contemplate the global marketplace, they must consider how domestic market research differs when conducted in international markets. In an effort to help internal client side marketing research managers design and implement improved international research studies, we briefly discuss the context for international market research and provide a framework for conducting international market research projects. Additionally, we present several factors that should be considered by marketers who engage in global market research studies. These factors represent the variety of challenges that must be addressed in order to conduct research across national borders. Particular attention is paid to the nuances related to primary data collection and questionnaire construction.     

Managing threats in the global era: The impact and response to SARS

In early 2003, the SARS virus brought disruption of public and business activities in many areas of the world, particularly Asia. As a result of its impact, SARS quickly established itself as a new kind of global uncertainty and posed challenges for traditional methods of risk management. This article examines the impact that SARS has had through means of a case study and builds on this to provide recommendations for how uncertainty may be managed in an increasingly globalized world. Reconsideration of strategic and risk‐management approaches have become necessary. Supply‐chain management and corporate strategy require a fundamental rethink to balance the pursuit of efficiency with increased responsiveness and flexibility. Unpredictability and turbulence in the international business environment suggest that traditional planning approaches that assume linear growth may give way to more scenario‐based planning. This will encourage firms to contemplate a variety of possible futures and better prepare them for unanticipated events. Similarly, contingent‐based continuity plans help businesses continue running even during a crisis. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

后配额时代我国纺织业的发展战略

我国纺织品出口在2005年取消配额以后,既有机遇更有挑战.顺利实现纺织品出口的转型和升级,既要进一步充分发挥我国对发达国家劳动力成本低、纺织品资源丰富的优势,以产品质量和品牌构建出口战略;又要注重与发达国家在高端纺织品领域的合作,逐步培育我国纺织品在此领域的竞争优势.     

Deceitful when insecure: The effect of self-efficacy beliefs on the use of deception in negotiations

This article investigates if and how negotiators' self-efficacy beliefs affect their use of deception in negotiation. Specifically, we propose that self-efficacy can be interpreted as a threat to self-concept, which encourages individuals to temporarily bypass self-regulatory obstacles by morally disengaging their cognitive moral filters, thereby enabling them to use deception in negotiation. We test our hypotheses in three independent experimental studies involving an interactive negotiation simulation, totalizing 460 participants. We find that negotiators with low self-efficacy regarding their negotiation abilities are more likely to use deception than those with high self-efficacy beliefs. Furthermore, we find that moral disengagement mediates the effects of self-efficacy on deception. Our findings suggest that self-efficacy plays a key role in shaping negotiators' ethical behaviors and we identify the psychological mechanism underlying this relationship.     

Hispanic-Americans,Mobile Advertising and Mobile Services

The literature on marketing to Hispanics and the use of mobile-based marketing methods continues to grow. However, to our knowledge, no research has been published on Hispanic use and acceptance of mobile marketing channels; this research addresses that gap. The study investigates various aspects of mobile channel services including advertising among Hispanic-Americans and non-Hispanic-Americans. The results indicate significant differences between Hispanic-Americans and others in the usage of mobile services, satisfaction with mobile services, and attitudes toward mobile advertising, as well as within Hispanic-Americans based on their strength of ethnic identification. The managerial and theoretical implications are discussed.     

Transaction costs,opportunism, and governance: Contextual considerations and future research opportunities

Transaction cost theory (TCT) is one of the most dominant theoretical perspectives in contemporary business-to-business (B2B) research. Our article provides a brief review of this theory and identifies six important contextual considerations for future research. These considerations center on the topics of opportunism and governance and are intended to help refine and extend TCT’s theoretical, methodological, and substantive scope. In addition to exploring these particular ideas, we also encourage B2B scholars to contemplate ways of enriching TCT to meet the challenges posed by today’s rapidly shifting economic landscape.     

中国零售学术研究现状分析——基于CSSCI(2000-2005)的研究

在中文社会科学引文索引（CSSCI）数据库中，对我国6年来（2000—2005）零售学术论文进行了检索，对检索数据在零售学术期刊构成、论文内容和方法、学者队伍三个方面进行了分析。研究结果表明：刊载零售学术论文的期刊数量百余种，但是还没有专门的零售学术期刊；零售学术论文主题分布于零售战略、国际化、连锁经营、零售业态等15个方面，研究方法以实证定性研究为主；发表两篇以上论文的学者有41人，专业化的零售学者队伍有待形成。     

Capturing Online Presence: Hyperlinks and Semantic Networks in Activist Group Websites on Corporate Social Responsibility

The rise of Internet-mediated communication poses possibilities and challenges for organisation studies, also in the area of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and business and society interactions. Although social media are attracting more and more attention in this domain, websites also remain an important channel for CSR debate. In this paper, we present an explorative study of activist groups’ online presence via their websites and propose a combination of methods to study both the structural positioning of websites (hyperlink network analysis) and the meanings in these websites (semantic co-word maps). We focus on the websites of SOMO, the Centre for Research on Multinational Corporations, and of one of its campaigns, makeITfair, concerned with labour conditions in the IT industry worldwide. This allows us to show how this combination of methods can further our understanding of the way activist networks’ online presence can provide insights into the tactics these networks apply to achieve institutional change on CSR issues. Meanwhile, we identify some notable differences between styles and word use in the two organisations’ websites. We conclude with a set of suggestions for future research.     

A new HWWA raw material price index

In this place we regularly published the HWWA Index of World Market Prices which has been computed since the fifties and was a comprehensive indicator of the price movements of the major raw materials traded in the world markets. Unavoidably, an, index of this kind has to be adjusted from time to time to allow for changes in the pattern of world trade. Such an adjustment has just been completed. For a better understanding and use of the new index by our readers in the future the following explanation should serve.     

A study and implementation of business-to-business e-commerce with the OBI standard

Internet based e-commerce has flourished in the business-to-consumer world. The lack of well-accepted standards is hindering the success in providing business-to-business e-commerce solutions. Open Buying on the Internet, or OBI, standard is one of the recent efforts in bringing business-to-business e-commerce into corporate purchasing. OBI is a common standard, based on the existing industry standards, that guides trading partners in implementing interoperable purchasing systems on the Internet. In this paper, we present a field study project on how companies may use OBI. We also survey the additional desirable services expected from managers who may use OBI-based e-commerce systems. We then describe a prototype implementation to enable the OBI capability in the IBM Net.Commerce merchant server software. With our implementation, existing merchant servers can be easily augmented to adopt the OBI standard for business-to-business e-commerce. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.