中小企业如何实施深度营销

我们知道，一个企业从开始、上升到走向成熟，实际上是经历了从启动营销、基础营销到深度营销的过程。深度营销，是建立在深度分销模式基础上的整体营销操作方法体系，简单地说就是如何“让产品进入更多的零售终端、让零售终端销售更多的产品”，强调分销的广度与深度以及所取得的营销成效。深度营销更多地适用于大众性日用消费品行业。     

分销渠道管理模式盘点

在工业经济发展过程中，规模化的集中生产、社会需求的广泛分布、政治与商业的流动性空前增强等等，都导致现代企业规模急剧扩张、销售体系快速膨胀。业内人士普遍认为，当代企业已经由传统意义上的生产时代进入到一个全新的分销时代。这样一个分销时代，如何准确把握多变的市场动向、如何快速     

企业开拓工业品农村市场的营销策略

扩大内需已成为当今我国的一大主要任务 ,而开拓工业品农村市场将有助于扩大内需。本文从企业开拓工业品农村市场营销策略的角度 ,先分析工业品农村市场的营销环境 ,然后着重阐述企业开拓工业品农村市场的营销策略 ,即产品策略、价格策略、促销策略、分销渠道策略     

自主理财:学院制实体化运作的权力基础

本文阐述医院建立管理会计制度的必要性和管理会计组织体系的设想 ,以及如何发挥管理会计在医院经营管理中的作用 ,从而使医院取得良好的经营成效 ,实现优质、高效、低耗的目标。     

论企业营销渠道的冲突与管理

产品渠道策略是企业营销系统的重要组成部分,企业如何避免营销渠道的冲突,如何针对商品特点设计自己独具特色的销售渠道,如何利用销售渠道更好地从事产品分销,是当前企业营销工作的重点。     

个体私营经济克服自身不足的若干对策

以泰罗 (F .W .Taylor为代表的科学管理理论开创了现代管理学的新时代 ,“管理与环境”的研究结果表明 ,象中国这样一个发展中国家急需解决的问题是如何建立起完善的科学管理体系 ,以提高各行各业以至整个国家的劳动生产率。我们重读泰罗的思想和理论 ,会找到许多能与我们现     

中国建筑企业入世后的机遇与挑战及应对措施

本文从银企关系出发 ,首先介绍了国外银行体系进行中小企业借贷的传统做法———关系借贷 ,并对关系借贷进行了成本和收益分析。文章的后半部分对我国银行系统如何界定关系借贷做了一定的阐述。关系借贷有利于商业银行建立新型的银企关系 ,加强银行的风险控制。我们要站在双方     

动态联盟中的盟员优化选择问题研究

中小企业的融资难问题已成为我国中小企业发展的“瓶颈”。本文就如何构建有效的中小企业融资体系及该体系应解决的如政府如何干预、担保机构的设立等问题 ,提出了依据市场选择为主的解决方案。     

顾客忠诚的价值分析与策略选择

中国加入世贸组织后 ,中国企业面临着巨大的市场竞争压力 ,如何应对市场环境的变化并从市场中求得生存和发展的空间 ,成为现代企业亟待解决的问题。销售渠道审计从一个侧面为企业提高竞争力开辟了新路径。     

高新技术企业创新体系研究

创新是高新技术企业发展的动力和源泉。本文试从建立以技术和高新技术产业化为主体的人才库、增加科技投入、建立技术创新体系和与市场紧密联系的研究开发与生产的运行机制、以及营造有利于企业创新的竞争环境等方面 ,来阐述高新技术企业的创新。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.