习惯形成、不确定性、流动性约束与居民消费——基于省际动态面板数据的实证分析

文章利用1998-2008年的城乡省际面板数据,建立包含习惯形成、不确定性和流动性约束在内的动态面板模型并对其进行实证分析.实证分析的结果表明习惯形成对于城乡居民的消费具有显著性影响;不确定性对于城镇居民的消费增长具有显著的影响,对于农村居民的影响不显著;城乡居民的消费具有过度敏感性;城镇居民的实证结果支持"前景理论",不支持流动性约束理论,农村居民的实证结果支持"短视行为"理论.     

习惯形成、信息鸿沟与异质福利--基于中国地区层面居民信息消费数据的数值模拟分析

本文尝试将消费习惯引入信息消费增速提升的福利效应模型,并以此模型为基础,运用1992～2012年中国城镇居民家庭信息消费数据,测算了信息消费增速提升给中国不同区域城镇居民带来的差异福利影响。研究发现：第一,内部习惯特征对中国城镇居民信息消费的福利效应具有显著影响。引入习惯特征后,信息消费增速提升1%相当于在其未来无限生命期界内每年补贴0.27%-26.05%信息消费产品或服务;第二,无论是同质性偏好还是异质性偏好假设,四大板块中的东北和中西部地区城镇居民信息消费的福利效应均高于东部地区,区域间信息鸿沟转化为福利差异。因此,在稳步推进收入分配和社会保障体制改革的同时,应当加大对中西部地区信息基础设施政策支持力度。     

Consumption and Portfolio Policies With Incomplete Markets and Short-Sale Constraints: the Finite-Dimensional Case1

We use a martingale approach to study optimal intertemporal consumption and portfolio policies in a general discrete-time, discrete-state-space securities market with dynamically incomplete markets and short-sale constraints. We characterize the set of feasible consumption bundles as the budget-feasible set defined by constraints formed using the extreme points of the closure of the set of Arrow-Debreu state prices consistent with no arbitrage, and then establish a relationship between the original problem and a dual minimization problem.     

Optimal Investment and Consumption With Two Bonds and Transaction Costs1

An agent can invest in a high-yield bond and a low-yield bond, holding either long or short positions in either asset. Any movement of money between these two assets incurs a transaction cost proportional to the size of the transaction. the low-yield bond is liquid in the sense that wealth invested in this bond can be consumed directly without a transaction cost; wealth invested in the high-yield bond can be consumed only by first moving it into the low-yield bond. the problem of optimal consumption and investment on an infinite planning horizon is solved for a class of utility functions larger than the class of power functions.