College admissions in three Chinese provinces: Boston mechanism vs. deferred acceptance mechanism

The deferred acceptance mechanism (DA) replaced the Boston mechanism (BM) in college admissions in China. In this paper, I compare the empirical performance of these two mechanisms in the Chinese context by developing an empirical model and applying it to college admissions in Guangxi, Hebei, and Sichuan provinces. Then, I conduct counterfactuals to empirically compare the BM and DA in these three provinces for given years. I find that not only is the BM superior to the DA in terms of total welfare but also that most students receive lower utility after the switch from the BM to DA.     

Export quotas versus export tariffs in the presence of domestic monopoly

The purpose of this paper is to show that export quotas and export tariffs are different in their economic effects when there is domestic monopoly. In the presence of domestic monopoly, an export quota may not reduce the domestic price of the exportable good, whereas an export tariff will always reduce it. This is true whether the country concerned is a small country or a large country.     

Spatial spillovers of regional wages: Evidence from Chinese provinces

This study investigates the effects of spatial interactions on local wages based on a panel data from 31 Chinese provinces between 2001 and 2010. Using the Global Moran's I statistic, we provide empirical evidence for the presence of spatial dependencies in provincial wages. Then, we estimate the provincial wage equation using a spatial panel model that controls for spatial heterogeneity and spatial interdependence as well as other regional characteristics. The empirical results show that spatial wage spillover plays an important role in the determination of local wages. Furthermore, we find that human capital and economic growth are two underlying forces strengthening wage spillovers across provinces.     

东北三省新型农村养老保险制度推行中的难点分析

随着城镇化进程和农村老龄化速度的加快,农村传统的土地养老、家庭养老面临严峻挑战。新型农村养老保险制度对于转变农村养老方式、建设覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系有着重要的现实意义。然而,作为一项规模宏大的社会系统工程,在其运行过程中,还存在一些亟待解决的问题或难点。本文选取农村人口比重较大的东北三省,意在分析"新农保"进展的基础上,总结目前东北3省在推行"新农保"过程中存在的难点,进而提出相应的对策建议。     

The impact of past growth on poverty in Chinese provinces

The impact of prior economic growth on current poverty rates within provincial-level China is examined using panel data and semiparametric techniques. Results reveal that prior short-run growth raises poverty levels; prior long-run growth increases poverty in slow-growing provinces, while reducing poverty in faster growing provinces. Additionally, there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between poverty and income; i.e. at lower income levels, the poverty rate increases with income, while the opposite holds at higher income levels. However, higher savings rates or higher income inequality makes this tradeoff less favorable. Interestingly, many traditional poverty explanatory variables lack explanatory power after taking into account the impact of prior growth.     

Understanding openness and productivity growth in China: An empirical study of the Chinese provinces

This paper investigates the effects of openness on China's regional productivity growth. We build a model of technology diffusion in which follower economies achieve productivity growth by taking advantage of technology spillovers from the world technology frontier. We hypothesize that China's regional productivity growth is a positive function of regional openness and a negative function of the current level of regional productivity. Empirical analysis in this paper focuses on how openness affects productivity growth in the Chinese provinces. We examine two effects of openness on regional productivity growth in China: the direct growth effect and the convergence effect. By using a variety of panel data regression techniques, we show that the direct growth effect of openness is the main effect while the convergence effect is insignificant. The findings of this paper lend strong support to the claim that the opening-up of China promotes the country's economic growth.     

东北三省高校图书馆学科服务的调查与研究

文章从学科资源导航、学科服务内容、学科馆员建设、学科平台建设4个角度,对东北三省高校图书馆学科服务展开调查,提出了以下4点建议:扩展学科服务内容,加强学科特色资源建设;充实学科馆员人力资源,优化学科馆员队伍建设;加强学科平台建设;完善学科服务制度体系。     

Panel data, cointegration, causality and Wagner's law: Empirical evidence from Chinese provinces

This paper tests Wagner's law of increasing state activity using panels of Chinese provinces. The paper's main methodological contribution is in that we employ for the first time in the literature on Wagner's law a panel unit root, panel cointegration and Granger causality testing approach. Overall, we find mixed evidence in support of Wagner's law for China's central and western provinces, but no support for Wagner's law for the full panel of provinces or for the panel of China's eastern provinces.     

Economic structural changes and rural income: Evidence from Chinese provinces during the reform period

During the reform period, the Chinese rural economy has experienced deep structural changes: cropping adjustment, agro-forestry adjustment and agro-industrial adjustment. At the same time, rural per capita income rose sharply despite some fluctuations. Using a panel data of 29 provinces from 1982 to 2001, effects of these structural changes upon both income level and income instability are assessed. The empirical results show that crop adjustment and agro-industrial adjustment can increase rural income and reduce income instability, while agro-forestry adjustment reduces both income and its instability, as a risk-management strategy.     

How are China''s state-owned enterprises doing in the 1990s? Evidence from three interior provinces

Since its inception in the early 1980s, the success of China's enterprise reforms remains hotly debated. This paper introduces a new element into the analysis of state-owned enterprise performance by drawing on the recent increase in inter-regional income disparities. It is argued that as a result of less favourable structural conditions and stronger fiscal dependence on the central government, reform implementation in the interior provinces has lagged behind the progress made along the coast. This hypothesis is investigated using enterprise survey data from three interior provinces which is compared to a similar survey carried out earlier in four coastal cities. The evidence generally supports the view of larger administrative restrictions in the interior and relatively poor economic performance.     

Inequality of opportunity and income inequality in nine Chinese provinces, 1989–2006

While there is a large and growing body of research describing and analyzing changes in the Chinese income distribution, researchers have paid considerable less attention to inequality of opportunity. The aim of this paper is to contribute to filling this gap in the literature. The two main questions addressed empirically for the first time in a Chinese context are: to what extent are individuals’ incomes and individual income differences due to factors beyond the individual's control (in Roemer's terminology “circumstances”) and to what extent are they due to outcomes of the individual's own choices (“effort”). What is the relationship between income inequality and inequality of opportunity?For this purpose we use data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey collected from nine provinces during the period 1989 to 2006. The CHNS has detailed information about incomes and other factors enabling us to construct a host of circumstance and effort variables for the offspring.We find that China has a substantial degree of inequality of opportunity. Parental income and parents' type of employer explain about two thirds of the total inequality of opportunity. Notably, parental education plays only a minor role implying that parental connections remain important. The results show that the increase in income inequality during the period under study largely mirrors the increase in inequality of opportunity. Thus, increased income inequality does not reflect changes in effort variables, or expressed differently, increased income inequality has not been accompanied by a decrease in inequality of opportunity.     

Food availability versus consumption efficiency: causes of the Chinese famine

The Chinese famine of 1958–1961 is characterized not only by its great magnitude but also by the uniqueness of its causes. In this article we present evidence that conventional reasons; including FAD and entitlement failure, fail to offer plausible explanations for the tragedy because of the obvious contradiction between food availability and excessive deaths during the famine period. Our thesis is that the famine is caused by consumption inefficiency, a result of the free food supply in the communal dining system in the famine period. This causal factor is unique and unprecedented in the famine history and theory. Yet the thesis is consistent with a basic economic precept: if property rights for food in a society are not defined, food consumption will be inefficient. This inefficiency mades the previously barely adequate food supply in China inadequate, causing a large-scale famine.     

The development status of women in South Africa: Patterns and progress in the provinces

The development status of women in South Africa declined between 1996 and 2001. This study examined whether the decline was pervasive throughout the nine provinces, and whether any development patterns were apparent among the provinces. The findings revealed that women had lost ground across the board, both in absolute terms and relative to men. They also showed that certain ranking patterns prevailed among the nine provinces and, notably, that women in provinces with pre-existing poor development statuses may also be predisposed to a poor development status relative to men. This double burden may translate into a perpetuation of poverty for women who find themselves in these provinces.     

论生产要素的劳动化

为了正确制定上海中药产业发展战略 ,准确地对上海中药产业发展在全国定位显得尤为重要。本文基于离差最大化决策法原理对上海中药产业发展在全国中药行业进行定位。由于该原理具有较强客观性 ,因而定位客观、公正     

Green total factor productivity: A re-examination of quality of growth for provinces in China

In this paper we try to assess the quality of growth for provinces in China over the period of 1997–2015. To do so we calculate a set of Green total factor productivity (or GTFP) indexes by incorporating environmental performance variables at the provincial level. A nonparametric approach (Directional Distance Function a la Chung et al., 1997) is adopted in the estimation. Furthermore, we apply bootstrapping method to correct estimation bias and obtain statistical property of the estimated indexes. The GTFP indexes estimated here demonstrate very different trends from the GDP growth rateand standard TFP indexes ignoring environmental outcomes. For the period of interests, when annual GDP growth rate was very high, no steady growth was found in TFP and GTFP, by contrast. The rankings of provinces differ significantly across measures of GDP growth, TFP and GTFP. In addition, our estimates of GTFP trends are also significantly different from findings by other papers of GTFP estimation (Hu et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2010) without bootstrapping procedure.     

大学英语教学中的中国文化融入研究

当前的大学英语教学过多地侧重目的语文化的学习,往往忽略了学生母语及母语文化的培养.文章对于大学英语教学中的中国文化缺失这一现象进行剖析,找出其产生的原因,并从教材编写、提高教师文化素养、调整测试内容、利用第二课堂等方面提出解决方案.     

中医药院校教育经费投入绩效评价

近年来政府部门对高等中医药院校的经费投入规模逐年增加,但多数高校缺乏必要的绩效意识,这严重制约了经费使用的最终效果,因此如何提高医药院校教育经费使用效率成为众多高校关注的焦点。高等中医药院校经费投入绩效评价应包括中医药人才培养、科学研究以及社会服务三方面。本文采用数据包络分析法,对全国23所中医院校经费投入的各项效率进行测算;并分析非DEA有效的院校与所在地区优势、学校排名等因素之间的关系,为优化资源配置、提高经费使用效率提供思路。     

Income growth, inequality and poverty reduction: A case study of eight provinces in China

This paper examines the growth performance and income inequality in eight Chinese provinces during the period of 1989–2004 using the China Health and Nutrition Survey data. It shows that income grew for all segments of the population, and as a result, poverty incidence has fallen. However, income growth has been uneven, most rapidly in coastal areas, and among the educated. A decomposition analysis based on household income determination suggests that income growth can largely be attributed to the increase in returns to education and to the shift of employment into secondary and tertiary sectors.     

中国传统文化在大学生思想政治教育中应用

中国优秀传统文化中蕴含着如何为人处世的丰富哲理,这是对大学生进行思想政治教育的文化背景.我们可以借鉴、吸收中国优秀传统文化,挖掘其中的爱国主义、集体主义精神,仁爱宽厚精神,进取精神,理想人格等思想教育资源,来完善当代大学生的思想政治教育体系.