梭罗坪隧道瓦斯监控技术

瓦斯隧道施工过程中有瓦斯爆炸、瓦斯燃烧、煤与瓦斯突出等风险，瓦斯隧道施工过程中瓦斯监测是隧道施工生产中一项重要技术措施。本文结合梭罗坪瓦斯隧道施工的特点，介绍了瓦斯监测的内容，人工检测和安全监测系统在隧道施工中的应用，以及瓦斯超限的处理措施，对类似隧道施工具有一定的借鉴意义。     

岩溶发育隧道超前管棚预注浆施工技术

本文结合宜万铁路堰家坪隧道出口段超前管棚注浆的施工,着重介绍岩溶发育段隧道施工中的超前管棚注浆施工工艺控制。结合工程实践,详细地介绍了超前管棚注浆的方案确定,施工设计、施工工艺以及管棚支护效果评价等,确保施工安全和隧道结构的稳定。对类似隧道施工有一定的借鉴作用。     

铁路隧道仰拱初支紧跟下台阶施工技术总结

近年来铁路隧道施工中对施工步距的控制较为严格,特别是大变形黄土隧道施工过程中仰拱封闭成环的步距控制更为苛刻。本文以宝兰客运专线古城岭隧道3号斜井兰州方向仰拱初支封闭成环紧跟下台阶施工为背景,对施工过程中的变形情况和施工技术进行总结,为今后隧道仰拱施工提供一定的参考。     

浅谈连拱隧道复杂地质情况下浅埋偏压段施工

湖南常吉高速公路殿会坪隧道出口地质情况复杂,偏压严重,半明半暗及半隧半路段施工过程中出现坡面溜坍、山体持续位移等险情,文章通过介绍其处理和施工过程,就复杂地质条件下双连拱隧道半明半暗、半隧半路段的施工顺序、工艺及方法、特殊情况的处理等作了较为详尽的说明,并提出了相关看法和建议。     

金元水电站3#支洞软弱千枚岩施工质量控制

在金元水电站引水隧道3#支洞施工质量控制基础上，文中总结了在软弱围岩千枚岩隧道施工中的一些行之有效的做法和在V级围岩中安全快速施工的有关经验。     

天坪隧道横洞工区揭煤防突技术

天坪隧道横洞工区需穿越三层煤,瓦斯含量高,地质条件复杂,为确保安全施工,采用水力压裂技术增加煤层透气性,利用平导优先抽放瓦斯超前揭煤,加强正洞揭煤安全性。在平导设置正洞瓦斯抽放区抽放瓦斯。采用台阶式分层分段安全揭煤,在平导、正洞过煤段架设金属骨架加强过煤段岩层的稳定性,保证天坪隧道横洞工区安全穿越突出煤层。     

斜井施工的长大隧道抽排水施工技术探讨

文章论述了梅花山隧道坪头斜井进入正洞抽排水施工技术,从涌水量预测、抽水设备选型、抽排水系统设置等方面进行了一些探讨,以期为类似工程施工提供一定的参考。     

浅埋、富水、软塑围岩隧道变形处理及施工技术

南龙铁路NLZQ-5标坪下隧道出口段浅埋、偏压、富水、软塑围岩段,严重影响隧道施工的安全、质量及工期;坚持"以人为本,安全第一"的施工思想;遵循"管超前,少扰动,强支护、短成环,二次衬砌适时施作"的施工原则,通过加强初期支护强度、改变施工工法、优化断面形式等措施,保证了现场施工的安全、质量,有效地提高了施工进度。     

沪昆客专大断面隧道施工机械设备配套及作业模式

结合中铁一局沪昆客专管段内隧道施工实践,以优化资源配置、提高大断面隧道施工效率为目的,研究确定大断面隧道施工机械设备配套原则。分别针对开挖、支护、防排水、衬砌等不同工序,形成了客运专线大断面隧道机械设备配套及作业模式,形成了客运专线大断面隧道机械化作业面,为客运专线大断面隧道施工提供了经验与借鉴。     

大断面隧道机械化施工作业技术研究与应用

本文主要介绍了在新建宜昌至郑万高铁联络线ZQ-2标隧道施工中，由于该项目隧道围岩等级较低，隧道断面大且以长隧道居多，项目施工工期紧张，传统的隧道施工工艺不但工效低进度慢，而且安全风险大。为确保该项目隧道能够按期完工，同时确保隧道施工安全，降低安全风险，项目部决定对大断面隧道施工中的各项工序采用机械化作业，在机械化作业中对工序施工技术、工效比等进行认真分析研究，选择合理的参数用于现场施工中，通过不断研究和应用机械施工的各项工艺技术，大大加快了施工进度，提高了生产效率，而且减少了人员洞中作业时间，降低了安全施工风险。该项目大断面隧道机械化施工作业所涉及的工艺技术也为后续类似施工提供了借鉴和参考。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Export Composition and Manufacturing Employment in the US during the Economic Downturn of 1991-92

This paper examines the effect that export composition had upon manufacturing employment in the US during the 1991 recession. Although it takes, on average, approximately $66 000 in exports to create one job, the exact gains in terms of total employment depend upon the labour-intensity of the products being exported. Foreign sales by the chemical and textile industries result in a far greater increase in employment than exports by the petroleum refining or steel industries. This analysis estimates the employment effects of manufacturing exports over the 1989-95 period, utilizing an input-output model to capture both direct and indirect effects. The results demonstrate that export composition has, at times, both strengthened and reduced demand for labour. Consequently, if job-creation is a national goal, it may be in the interests of the US to promote exports from sectors that are labour-using.