利用信息共享缓解牛鞭效应

文中首先阐述了牛鞭效应这一现象,其次从需求预测、批量订货和提前期等因素分析牛鞭效应产生的原因,最后提出供应链的各成员通过缔结契约供应合同实现信息共享以达到抑制牛鞭效应的目的。     

基于Witness的供应链系统的仿真设计与改善

文章介绍了供应链中的“牛鞭效应”以及Witness的基本应用,讨论了在供应链系统中利用Witness软件进行仿真的方法．采用了由钢铁公司、钢材服务中心、部件生产商和汽车厂所组成的供应链结构进行仿真,整个供应链和供应链上各节点的订货提前期和运输时间是所介绍的模型中的主要供应链绩效指标。通过模型的运行结果分析出供应链系统中的“瓶颈”和导致“牛鞭效应”出现的原因．从而提出缓解牛鞭效应的对策,并通过设置模型中的参数对供应链系统进行改善,以缓解“牛鞭效应”．     

我国涉农供应链中牛鞭效应的案例研究

通过细分生产时间在整个供应链中的时间占比,采用案例分析的方式研究我国猪肉供应链中的牛鞭效应,建立了涉农供应链的简单二级模型、需求预测模型以及蛛网模型,分别用来研究订货提前期、市场供给以及市场价格与订货量之间的关系,对影响因素的重点进行细分并提出了相应的解决对策。     

我国涉农供应链中牛鞭效应的案例研究

通过细分生产时间在整个供应链中的时间占比,采用案例分析的方式研究我国猪肉供应链中的牛鞭效应,建立了涉农供应链的简单二级模型、需求预测模型以及蛛网模型,分别用来研究订货提前期、市场供给以及市场价格与订货量之间的关系,对影响因素的重点进行细分并提出了相应的解决对策。     

满足需求策略形成的供应链牛鞭效应分析

针对两类不同结构的供应链，在供应链成员没有信息共享的条件下，建立了满足市场需求经营策略形成牛鞭效应的分析模型，揭示了这种策略带来牛鞭效应的形成过程并对其进行了比较分析。     

信息共享减弱供应链中的牛鞭效应的机理分析

首先通过数量模型分析了牛鞭效应产生的机理与影响因素，定量分析了在需求信息共享和非共享情况下对供应链牛鞭效应的影响。结果表明，通过在供应链的各个阶段共享需求信息，虽然不能消除牛鞭效应，但可以显著地减少牛鞭效应。     

信息共享条件下的牛鞭效应降低方法

牛鞭效应是供应链管理中一个常见的现象，在寻求解决降低和消除供应链中这一现象中，普遍提出了信息共享来降低和消除牛鞭效应。即使在信息共享的条件下，我们依然不能完全消除牛鞭效应，以及供应链中各个主体的危害。本文从lee，etc．在解释供应链存在的需求预测所带来的牛鞭效应原因出发，寻找信息共享条件下降低牛鞭效应的可行途径。     

电子商务环境下供应链中牛鞭效应问题研究

牛鞭效应是供应链中普遍存在的现象。文章在分析牛鞭效应的基本思想、对供应链的影响的基础上,对其产生原因、影响因素及解决措施进行了简单综述,认为信息共享是解决牛鞭效应的基本途径,并提出了基于电子商务的信息共享系统。     

供应链中“牛鞭效应”的管理

概述了供应链管理中的牛鞭效应,阐明了牛鞭效应对供应链管理的危害,通过对供应链上各个环节和操作方式进行深入的分析,找出了形成牛鞭效应的原因,最后针对牛鞭效应的成因提出供应链管理中对牛鞭效应进行控制的一系列措施。     

基于CPFR模型供应链“牛鞭效应”分析

牛鞭效应对企业产能与库存方面的影响很大。在不完全预先需求信息条件下,从CPFR的角度,通过建立模型对供应链各节点成员间缺乏对需求预测造成的供应链中牛鞭效应进行分析,并提出减少牛鞭效应影响的相应策略。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。