三论多方案选优问题

<正> 关于多方案选优问题,我曾写过两篇文章(1)、(2)。文章[1]主要探讨了投资收益率与追加投资收益率的关系,并利用这种关系进行多方案选优,其选优目标实质上净现值最大化。文章[2]是对王信东同志[3]的答复,其主要论点是:对多方案选优应根据投资者所追求的目标,采用适宜的评价方法。选优目标可以是最大的净收益(净现值最大化),也可以是每单位资金获得最大的净收益(投资收益率最大化)。赵国杰同志[4]对拙文[2]提出了不同的看法,其论点之一是:“投资者的目标是     

加权Drazin逆的秩方程特征

文章给出了加权Drazin逆X=Ad, w为秩方程rank =rank(A)的解的充要条件,并推广了文献[1]与[4]中的结论.     

MM定理与科斯定理的"理想状态"研究

MM定理与科斯定理虽然分属会计学资本结构划分理论和经济学产权结构划分理论,却有看相同的思想核心.将MM定理类比于科斯定理进行重新表述,得出了能涵盖MM定理和权衡理论的结果.科斯定理的模型化又得益于MM定理原有模型的启发.二者通过比较又形成结构与形式的借鉴与统一,体现了哲学恒定论的观点.MM定理与科斯定理通过起点于"理想状态"的结构比较分析后,有助于拓展思维,深化各自领域的研究.这是财务理论研究"理想状态"研究方法的尝试.     

"泛珠三角经济圈"区域经济合作的稳定性

通过政府牵头,泛珠三角经济圈的“9 2”[1]个地区形成了区域经济圈,但这种由政府这只看得见的手推动的区域经济圈是否具有长期稳定性是值得思考的问题。通过建立一个泛珠三角经济圈区域经济长期稳定合作的博弈模型,分析了各地区在选择区域内主导产业时应充分考虑到产业的互补性,得出保持区域经济持续、稳定存在与发展的基本条件。     

基于盈利和相互影响的技术扩散模型研究

在文献[1]的基础上,从技术的盈利性角度对单技术扩散模型做出了改进,利用改进模型分析了替代品、互补品和企业广告宣传对技术扩散的影响.然后在改进的单技术扩散模型和文献[2]的基础上,建立了反映技术间相互影响的双技术扩散模型,分析了企业技术创新和广告宣传在市场竞争中的作用.根据单、双技术扩散模型的分析结果,提出了促进行业健康快速发展的一些措施和建议.     

不对称信息条件下环境监管的博弈分析

环境污染是一种典型的负外部性,这种负外部性的存在会降低资源配置的效率。为了减轻环境污染、提高资源配置效率,就需要政府对排污行为进行环境监管。环境监管是政府与排污者之间的博弈过程,一些学者对此进行了博弈分析。^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}在他们的研究中除杨玉峰和傅伟国外,其他学者都假设环境监管中不存在信息不对称。然而,这种信息不对称确实存在,并且显著影响环境监管的效率。拉塞尔等人(Russell,et al)和哈瑞顿(Harrington)的研究表明,政府与企业之间的信息不对称限制了政府的监管行为,即使发现了企业违规行为对其罚款也很低。^[7][8]里尔(Lear)的研究证实了这一观点。^[9]     

"海铁"联运谱写"新亚欧大陆桥"运输新篇章

10月9日上午．对新亚欧大陆桥人来说可谓双喜临门，在我国自行设计建造的第一艘第六代特大型集装箱——“新亚洲”号集装箱船安全靠岸连云港港后，连云港——莫斯科的过境集装箱“五定”班列也正式运营。这两件事，标志着“海铁”联运这一目前国际上最先进的多式联运方式在新亚欧大陆桥的正式启动。[第一段]     

Table of Imp & Exp Volume In Period from Jan To May in 2002 for China’s Major Development Zones As Origins and Destinations(In order of Growth Rates over Same 2001 Period)

h口＊ ＊V曰fs口p e帕r4＊dN”m 溉I Uf口Ur Ur旧SrS口S口口SS们n口tlOOS 厂门pen【XpO讨 厂np＆日Xp ＊loo门 hco门Imc＆exo Z hO「）小一口11丁OrC卜H＊Z k三 了、们8 〕473 4口＊凸 的＊9d ＊川o5 ZLOflZhOUNDZ 3429 216 3.645279210-687418.口 3 G.J口ngZ卜OUTI口门一O一DZ 063口 1]qQ81381二12 2544 qZh口uqluHDZ 3896 3尸口3 78口0 2573 1342 18二一 5 口[U门刁q[丁DZ 7:,J7口 丁3]2（ 2口59口14d7 1103 122二 6HOrblpHDZ 18,290 5921 24。211 932 777 892 7 le门广e门B八]“}8]71刀5Jo…     

健康生态学理论下多模式教育对肺结核患者心理状态和自我管理能力的影响

目的 探讨健康生态学理论下多模式教育对肺结核患者心理状态和自我管理能力的影响。方法 选取2020年2月至2022年2月于上饶市第二人民医院就诊的肺结核患者76例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组（n=38）和观察组（n=38）。对照组采用常规方案进行干预,观察组患者在对照组基础上采用健康生态学理论下多模式教育进行干预。比较两组患者干预前及干预3个月后心理状态[结核病污名感受量表（TSS）、创伤后成长评定量表（PTGI）]、心理承受能力[心理弹性量表简表（RS-14）]、自我管理能力[自我护理能力量表（ASAS-R-C）]、生命质量[肺结核病患者生存质量测定量表（PTBS）]评分变化,比较两组患者干预3个月后对干预方案的满意程度;出院1个月后比较两组患者用药依从性[肺结核患者治疗依从性评分（ARS）]。结果 与干预前相比,干预3个月后两组患者PTGI、RS-14、ASAS-R-C评分均升高（P<0.05）,且观察组更高（P<0.05）;两组患者TSS评分均下降（P<0.05）,且观察组更低（P<0.05）。干预3个月后,观察组患者满意度高于对照组（P<0.05）。...     

魂断"大塞尔维亚"

既无经济和军事实力、又缺乏国际支持的盲目民族主义，只会带来灾难性的后果。[编者按]     

Infinite-dimensional Gale-Nikaido-Debreu theorem and a fixed-point theorem of Tarafdar

This paper proves the equivalence of five fixed-point theorems in topological vector spaces and then uses them to deduce an infinite-dimensional generalization of the classic Gale-Nikaido-Debreu theorem. The proof is based on the Hahn-Banach theorem and the Tarafdar fixed point theorem. There is also a discussion of the relationship of this generalization to the existence theorems of Aliprantis and Brown, Border, Yannelis and others.     

Stability and Turnpike Theorems in Dynamic Competitive Equilibrium

This study reviews the main results in the literature on the integration of competitive equilibrium theory and optimal growth theory, in particular those concerning the convergence of an equilibrium path to a stationary state (stability theorems).
JEL Classification Numbers: C6, D9.     

Price expectations,disequilibrium adjustments,and macroeconomic price stability

This paper examines the possibility of extending the basic theorems of the risk-free, two-sector, two-factor, constant returns to scale model of production to cover situations with price uncertainty. It is shown that the Rybczynski and Stolper-Samuelson theorems may fail to hold for certain cases while the factor price equalization theorem cannot carry over to the stochastic world, provided firms in the uncertainty sector exhibit decreasing absolute risk aversion. The implications of uniform (relative) changes in both factor endowments and in both (expected) commodity prices are also explored.     

Injecting rational bubbles

This paper proves two theorems about economies with a finite number of infinitely lived agents who trade a complete set of one-period Arrow securities and several infinitely lived securities at each date, subject to short-sales constraints. The first theorem in the paper considers an equilibrium to an economy of this kind. It proves that there exists another economy with perturbed short-sales constraints in which there is an allocation-equivalent equilibrium in which asset prices have a bubble. The second theorem extends to the result to the case in short-sales constraints are endogenously determined in the sense of Alvarez and Jermann [Efficiency, equilibrium, and asset pricing with risk of default, Econometrica 68 (2000) 775-797].     

Decentralizing Edgeworth equilibria in economies with many commodities

Summary. This paper proves core-equivalence theorems for exchange economies without ordered preferences, defined on locally convex Riesz commodity spaces such that the price space is a lattice. Properness assumptions are borrowed from some recent equilibrium existence results. Received: January 15, 1998; revised version: August 19, 1998     

ECONOMIES WITH PUBLIC PROJECTS: EFFICIENCY AND DECENTRALIZATION*

The article deals with the two fundamental theorems of welfare economics for production economies with a finite set of agents, infinitely many private goods, and a set of public projects. The problem of efficiency and decentralization is addressed under the following very general assumptions: (a) the commodity–price duality is endowed with a consistent locally convex topology; (b) the set of public projects is without any mathematical structure. Moreover, any agent is characterized by a nonordered preference relation depending on consumption goods and public projects. Approximate and exact welfare theorems are discussed throughout the article.     

Applying mathematics to economics according to Cournot and Walras

This article examines the reasons that led Cournot to refuse Walras's request that he writes an article defending mathematical economics. From a reading of Cournot's works on philosophy and economics we show three reasons which explain the Cournot's refusal. First, Cournot does not attach the same importance to the theorems proposed by Walras. Second, these theorems enable Walras to defend an economic system that he considers to be truer than any other while Cournot believed that the economy could be subject to various forms of mathematical representations. Third, Cournot does not refer to the same conception of mathematics of Walras.     

Equilibrium theory with asymmetric information and with infinitely many commodities

The traditional deterministic general equilibrium theory with infinitely many commodities cannot cover economies with private information constraints on the consumption sets. We bring the level of asymmetric information equilibrium theory at par with that of the deterministic one. In particular, we establish results on equilibrium existence for exchange economies with asymmetric (differential) information and with an infinite dimensional commodity space. Our new equilibrium existence theorems include, as a special case, classical results, e.g. Bewley [Existence of equilibria in economies with infinitely many commodities, J. Econ. Theory 4 (1972) 514-540] or Mas-Colell [The price equilibrium existence problem in topological vector lattices, Econometrica 54 (1986) 1039-1053].     

A Theorem on the Gains from International Factor Mobility

This paper proves that for the case of a small country, which cannot influence world factor prices, an expansion in the scope of international factor mobility can never reduce its real national income. [F11, F20]