注射用头孢米诺钠无菌检查方法的验证

目的：建立注射用头孢米诺钠无菌检查方法。方法：参照《中国药典》2005年版二部附录附录Ⅺ H进行试验。结果：采用薄膜过滤法，以0．1％无菌蛋白胨水溶液为冲洗液，选择冲洗量为500ml，即可消除样品对各菌株的抗菌活性。结论：注射用头孢米诺钠可按照此方法进行无菌检查。     

奥硝唑栓微生物限度检查方法的验证

目的：建立奥硝唑栓微生物限度检查方法。方法：参照中国药典2005年版二部附录XI J进行试验。结果：采用薄膜过滤法，以pH7．0氯化钠-蛋白胨缓冲液为冲洗液，冲洗量为400ml，即可消除样品对各菌株的抗菌活性。结论：薄膜过滤法作为奥硝唑微生物限度检查结果准确、可靠。     

头孢米诺钠无菌检查消除抑菌性的研究

目的:依据中国药典2010年版无菌检查法的相关规定,通过一系列试验,建立头孢米诺钠无菌检查法.方法:用规定的各种试验菌,并采用β-内酰胺酶消除抑菌性进行试验.结果:头孢米诺钠采用薄膜过滤法进行无菌检查,对大肠埃希菌有较强的抑菌活性.结论:头孢米诺钠无菌检查需加入β-内酰胺酶来消除抑菌活性,以保证其无菌检查的准确性.     

头孢西丁钠无菌检查消除抑菌性的研究

目的:依据中国药典2010年版无菌检查法的相关规定,通过一系列试验,建立头孢西丁钠无菌检查法.方法:用规定各种试验菌,同时使用β-内酰胺酶进行试验.结果:头孢西丁钠采用薄膜过滤法进行无菌检查,对大肠埃希茼有较强的抑菌活性.结论:头孢西丁钠无菌检查需加入β-内酰胺酶来消除抑菌活性,以保证其无菌检查的准确性.     

头孢西丁钠无菌检查消除抑菌性的研究

目的:依据中国药典2010年版无菌检查法的相关规定,通过一系列试验,建立头孢西丁钠无菌检查法.方法:用规定各种试验菌,同时使用β-内酰胺酶进行试验.结果:头孢西丁钠采用薄膜过滤法进行无菌检查,对大肠埃希菌有较强的抑菌活性.结论:头孢西丁钠无菌检查需加入β-内酰胺酶来消除抑菌活性,以保证其无菌检查的准确性.     

辅酶Q_(10)注射液细菌内毒素检查方法的研究

根据中国药典2010年版二部附录细菌内毒素检查法要求,建立辅酶Q_(10)注射液的细菌内毒素检查方法,并进行方法学验证。结果表明,辅酶Q_(10)注射液原液对细菌内毒素凝集反应无干扰,其细菌内毒素限值符合规定。用本法检查辅酶Q_(10)注射液细菌内毒素是可行的。     

LC-MS法快速测定蜂蜜中甲硝唑地美硝唑和洛硝哒唑

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS)快速测定蜂蜜中甲硝唑、地美硝唑和洛硝哒唑的检测方法。以水为提取溶剂,加入适量甲醇,乙酸乙酯萃取,经浓缩、复溶、过滤,通过LC-MS法检测枣花蜂蜜中3种硝基咪唑类药物残留,以外标法定量。测定当加入甲硝唑量分别为2.5μg/kg、10.0μg/kg和50.0μg/kg时,回收率分别为85.2%、82.7%和81.0%,当加入地美硝唑量分别为5.0μg/kg、20.0μg/kg和100.0μg/kg时,回收率分别为92.3%、88.4%和88.7%,当加入洛硝哒唑量分别为5.0μg/kg、20.0μg/kg和100.0μg/kg时,回收率分别为92.3%、73.9%和76.6%。甲硝唑、地美硝唑、洛硝哒唑检出限分别为0.1μg/kg、0.2μg/kg和0.2μg/kg。结果表明:该方法稳定性好,准确度高,操作简单、快速,可以满足低残留量的检测要求。     

聚明胶肽注射液鲎试剂法检测细菌内毒素的研究

目的:建立快速的聚明胶肽注射液细菌内毒素检查法,从而取代热原检查法.方法:按中国药典2005年版二部附录所载的细菌内毒素检查法进行实验.结果:将聚明胶肽注射液稀释16倍可消除干扰作用,用标示灵敏度为0.03euml-1的检测细菌内毒素有效,结果准确可靠.结论:利用细菌内毒素检查法代替聚明胶肽注射液热原检查是可行的.     

HPLC法测定人血浆中烟酸和烟尿酸含量方法探究

[目的]建立一个同时测定人血浆中烟酸及其活性代谢物烟尿酸的RP-HPLC方法,并用于临床药代动力学研究。[方法]取1ml人血浆于一干净试管中,加入20μl内标甲硝唑,涡旋10s,再加入3ml乙腈,涡旋1min,3000rpm下离心5min,将上清全部取出置于另一干净试管,加入3ml氯仿,涡旋5min,3000rpm下离心5min,取水溶层(上层)200μl和100μl流动相混匀,取20μl进样,检测波长为262nm。[结果]烟酸,烟尿酸和内标甲硝唑的保留时间为4.5min,7.5min和10.5min。烟酸和烟尿酸日内与日间精密度的RSD均小于11%,烟酸和烟尿酸在50ng/ml到5000ng/ml范围内线性均良好,烟酸的其他代谢物如烟酰胺、N-甲基烟酰胺等无干扰。     

盐酸环丙沙星片微生物限度检查方法学验证的探讨

通过一系列验证,确认所采用方法适合于盐酸环丙沙星片的微生物限度检查.方法:按品种项下微生物限度检查规定对每一试验菌逐一进行验证.结果:盐酸环丙沙星片的微生物限度检查需采用多种方法联合使用消除其抑菌性.结论:采用低速离心联合薄膜过滤及加入硫酸锰溶液中和的方法用于盐酸环丙沙星片的细菌计数及控制菌检查是可行的.     

细菌快速检测与传统培养方法结果比较

[目的]比较细菌快速检测试纸片与传统方法在细菌检测结果上的差异。[方法]检测同一样品的细菌总数和大肠菌群2个指标。细菌总数检测分别以平板计数法和细菌总数试纸片进行,大肠菌群分别以多管发酵法和大肠菌群快速检测纸片法进行。[结果]以平板计数法检测细菌总数,37℃培养48h能观察出结果; 而同一样品用市售的2种细菌总数试纸片37℃培养48h显示不出结果,需要延长培养时间至72h以上; 多管发酵法检测大肠菌群24h能观察到结果,延长时间培养阳性结果不变; 用大肠菌群快速检测试纸片,36h才能观察到结果,延长培养时间,阳性结果随之变化; 传统培养方法与试纸片法的结果经统计处理差异有显著性。[结论]细菌快速检测试纸片能简化操作,但成本高,培养时间长,灵敏度低。     

基于多层过滤的第三方物流服务商选择

本文在第三方物流服务商选择的过程中,采用了多层过滤的方法。首先,采用DEA方法对参加竞标的物流服务商进行了相对有效性评价,在此基础上,采用交叉效率法对DEA的评价结果作了进一步的改进。最后,将定量的评价结果与定性指标融合在一起,采用AHP方法做综合评判,选出合适的物流服务商。     

LAL／GNB法筛选辐照鸡肉的应用研究

【目的】探讨内毒素检测（LAL）与革兰氏阴性菌计数（GNB）相结合的方法应用于辐照鸡肉的筛选的可能性。【方法】市售鸡肉丁以50g每份分装后,以γ射线进行辐照处理,剂量分别为0kGy、2kGy、6kGy,每个剂量各12份,通过革兰氏阴性菌的培养计数估计样品中存在的活的革兰氏阴性菌的量,通过内毒素浓度定量估计活的和死亡的革兰氏阴性菌总量,比较两者差异来判定是否经过辐照处理。[结果】辐照剂量为6kGy时,12个样品被检测出经过辐照处理。辐照剂量为2kGy时,8个样品被检测出经过辐照处理,4个样品检测出未经过辐照处理。辐照剂量为0kGy时,12个样品检测结果均为未经过辐照处理。【结论】LAL／GNB法可以应用干辐照鸡肉的筛选。     

A martingale representation theorem and valuation of defaultable securities

We consider a financial framework with two levels of information: the public information generated by the financial assets, and a larger flow of information that contains additional knowledge about a random time. This random time can represent many economic and financial settings, such as the default time of a firm for credit risk, and the death time of an insured for life insurance. As the random time cannot be seen before its occurrence, the progressive enlargement of filtration seems tailor‐fit to model the larger flow of information that incorporates both the public flow and the information about the random time. In this context, our interest focuses on the following challenges: (a) How to single out the various risks coming from the financial assets, the random time, and their correlations? (b) How these risks interplay and lead to the formation of any risk in the larger flow of information? It is clear that understanding how risks build‐up and interact, when one enlarges the flow of information, is vital for an efficient risk management and derivatives' evaluation in those informational markets. Our answers to these challenges are full and complete no matter what the model for the random time is and no matter how the random time is related to the public flow. In fact, we introduce “pure default” risks, and quantify and classify these risks afterward. Then we elaborate our martingale representation results, which state that any martingale in the large filtration stopped at the random time can be decomposed into orthogonal local martingales (i.e., local martingales whose product remains a local martingale). This constitutes our first principal contribution, while our second contribution consists in evaluating various defaultable securities according to the recovery policy, within our financial setting that encompasses any default model, using a martingale “basis.” Our pricing formulas explain the impact of various recovery policies on securities and determine the types of pure default risk they entail.     

MALDI Biotyper高通量微生物鉴定系统在台湾进口鳖蛋检疫中的初步应用

[目的]应用MALDI-TOF-MS和Biotyper分析软件对台湾进口的鳖蛋进行携带病原菌的检测。[方法]按照病原菌检测标准进行培养,选取可疑菌株,肉汤培养后,按照MALDI-TOF-MS要求进行样品制备、点靶以及样品质谱图的获取,并运用Biotyper分析软件对所获取的质谱图进行分析。[结论]应用MALDI-TOF-MS方法从进口鳖蛋中分离出绿脓杆菌、奇异变形杆菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌等致病菌,为进出口商、检验机构及其他相关部门敲响警钟。此鉴定方法简单快速,能够加快鳖蛋的通关速度,为两岸建设作贡献。     

The finite sample properties of the GARCH option pricing model

The authors explore the finite sample properties of the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) option pricing model proposed by S. L. Heston and S. Nandi (2000). Simulation results show that the maximum likelihood estimators of the GARCH process may contain substantial estimation biases, even when samples as large as 3,000 observations are used. However, it was found that these biases cause significant mispricings only for short‐term, out‐of‐the‐money options. It is shown that, given an adequate estimation sample, this bias can be reduced considerably by employing the jackknife resampling method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 27:599–615, 2007     

A variation of the Azéma martingale and drawdown options

In this paper, we derive a variation of the Azéma martingale using two approaches—a direct probabilistic method and another by projecting the Kennedy martingale onto the filtration generated by the drawdown duration. This martingale links the time elapsed since the last maximum of the Brownian motion with the maximum process itself. We derive explicit formulas for the joint densities of , which are the first time the drawdown period hits a prespecified duration, the value of the Brownian motion, and the maximum up to this time. We use the results to price a new type of drawdown option, which takes into account both dimensions of drawdown risk—the magnitude and the duration.     

基于排序时频特性的雷达脉内调制信号识别

提出了一种基于排序时频特性的雷达脉内调制信号识别算法。该 算法可分为三步：首先,通过检验信号时频曲线的互易回归特性,识别出线性调频信号;然 后,通过检验信号时频RANKIT图的正态性,识别出常规信号;最后,检验信号平方后时频RA NKIT图的正态性,用以区分二相编码与四相编码信号。仿真结果表明,该算法无需接收信号 的任何先验知识,在较低信噪比条件下可实现对常用雷达脉内调制方式的有效识别。