Rising costs, falling budgets and their implications for defence policy

The real unit costs of defence equipment have been rising persistently since World War II, much faster than national defence budgets. Most nations have adapted by buying fewer units in successive generations of each class of defence equipment, and ultimately by omitting some classes from their armed forces. However current decreases in defence budgets will soon force most NATO nations (including the UK) to adopt more closely coordinated policies for force planning and equipment procurement, in order to maintain NATO's military capabilities.     

我国高校国防教育法律制度的几点思考

高校国防教育立法是确立高校国防教育的战略地位的重要前提,针对我国高校国防教育立法抽象、操作性不强和内容陈旧的现状建立健全适应现代化战争需要的高校国防教育法律体系和科学确定紧跟现代军事发展趋势的国防教育的新内容就显得尤为迫切。     

Defence markets

Although defence is a classic example of a public good, there are extensive opportunities for applying market solutions to the armed forces and defence industries. There are possibilities for beneficial inter-service rivalry and for creating profit centres within the armed forces; substitution is possible between parts of the armed forces, and competition can be used for purchasing weapons and for market-testing activities traditionally undertaken'in-house'by the armed forces. The analysis has implications for the UK strategic defence review.     

The British defence industry in the 1990s: a labour market perspective

A survey of engineers and scientists in the defence industry reveals company responses to the changing arms market. The defence industry is attempting to restructure employment patterns in order to maintain its ability to recruit and retain high level manpower.     

强化军事体能训练,提高国防生身体素质

普通高校国防生的军事体能训练往往沿袭了一般大学生的体育训练方式,针对性不强,影响了国防生军事体能素质的提高。文章认为,对国防生进行强化体能训练,应坚持正确教育引导,强化新生入学训练,大力开展体能比武,狠抓体能训练管理,定期进行体能考核。     

徒手防卫与控制技术教学中存在的安全隐患及预防

《徒手防卫与控制技术》是警察院校开设的职业技能必修课,教学内容多数为紧张、激烈的徒手防卫与突袭动作,涉及控制关节、击打要害部位,教学中学生身体活动频繁,对抗性强,如果教学组织不严密,考虑不周全,就会出现意外伤害事件。本文对教学中可能存在的安全隐患进行了分析,并提出了具体的预防措施,这对安全实施课堂教学、完成教学任务有重要的指导意义。     

Competing for quality in defence

A revamped marketing testing initiative known as Competing for Quality (CFQ) was introduced to the Ministry of Defence (MoD) and the Services in 1992. It hailed a new approach to a partnership between the defence industry and the MoD in terms of the management of defence business. The CFQ programme opened up £2.2 billion of military activities to competition. This paper examines whether this government initiative has realised its potential or not.     

Survival Through Networks: The ‘grip’ of the administrative links in the Russian post-Soviet context

Abstract

Based on an analysis of the post-Soviet transformation experience of four defence sector organizations in a Russian region where the defence sector occupies a substantial part of the local economy, this article develops a typology of network relationships: Grooved Inter-relationship Patterns (Gr’ip) networks and Fluid Inter-relationship Patterns (Fl’ip) networks. This typology can be applied to a range of transition/emerging market and low system trust contexts. Gr’ip networks, in this case, represent the persisting legacy of the Soviet command-administrative system. Fl’ip networks are here an attempt by the defence companies to link into the civilian supply chains of a developing market economy. This article argues that Gr’ip networks had and still have a crucial role to play in Russian enterprises’ survival and development.     

Transaction costs, relational contracting and public private partnerships: a case study of UK defence

This paper is concerned with the economics of public private partnerships (PPPs)/private finance initiative (PFIs) and in particular the role of transaction costs and the importance of trust in relational contracting. The discussion is illustrated by reference to the UK defence sector. The paper begins by discussing the nature of PPPs/PFIs before moving on to consider how the economics of contracting literature can shed light on their strengths and weaknesses. The transaction cost literature is reviewed alongside a resource-based perspective of procurement decisions. The concepts of trust and reputation are then considered in the context of minimising procurement transaction costs. The theoretical framework developed is then applied and illustrated through a case study of UK defence contracting, in an attempt to assess whether the use of PPPs will necessarily lead to improved economic efficiency. The case study highlights both the scope of PPPs/PFIs and their potential transaction costs in defence procurement, with the normal perils in terms of contracting given information asymmetry, asset specificity and the resulting scope for opportunistic behaviour.     

浅谈人防地下室结构设计

随着社会经济的不断发展,城市建设和人防建设不断结合。防空地下室设计是工程建设中经常会遇到的问题。它的荷载确定、内力分析和结构设计都具有自身的特点。防空地下室作为建筑的一部分,它的平时用途也越来越广泛。因此在结构设计中也经常会遇到防空地下室的平战转换设计问题。协调好防空地下室在平战两种状态下的不同使用要求,已成为结构设计中的一个重要课题。     

The economics of defence industry mergers and J c divestitures

High profile mergers in the 1990s have reduced major defence competitors to three in the USA and may evoke corresponding European consolidation and international mergers. The mergers may reduce capacity and help achieve economies of scale, but pose cost, quality and innovation concerns and have undermined diversification, conversion and civil/military integration. Expectations of enhanced political influence and short-term financial returns as well as new, perverse government incentives help to explain why the mergers have occurred. Greater international cooperation, specialisation and trade and better analysis of the defence industrial base are recommended as antidotes for the negative impacts of the mergers.     

Defending the Defence Industrial Base

Should defence industries be subsidised by the taxpayer? Nick Hooper, of the University of York, outlines the case for scepticism.     

计算机网络安全及防范技术

文章主要阐述了网络安全产品的特点,计算机信息网络攻击和入侵的特点、方法及其安全防范手段。     

人防工程给排水施工过程监控要素与保障措施

文章分析了人防工程给水和排水施工过程监控的要求和目标,以此为基础,提出了人防工程给排水的具体施工应监控的几个重要方面及其保障措施。     

浅析战时军事物流中运输环节的防卫对策

现代战争对军事物流体系的要求空前的提高，本文分析了战时我军运输环节的一些特点，提出了若干防卫对策。     

The Sacred Cows of Government Spending

In attempts to reduce state expenditure the Government has exempted defence and the police. J R Shackleton questions the capacity of government to reflect public preferences even in public goods.     

Reform of the Legal Profession: The Biggest Bang of All

How strong is the case for the reform of the legal system? Charles Hanson, of Newcastle University, offers a robust defence of the government's proposals for ending restrictive practices in the legal profession.     

The economics of defence g labour markets

This article considers recent trends in the size of the Armed Forces and reviews the economics of military manpower. The transition from military to civilian employment and the employment experience of redundant defence workers are considered.     

George Bain and a ‘Mechanistic Formula’: the Purposes and Politics of £3.60

This response to George Bain’s most recent defence of the Low Pay Commission’s first report and recommendations argues the case for a higher minimum wage tied to average earnings which seriously tackles the poverty and discrimination suffered by many employees     

论“律师伪证罪”

文章分析了"律师伪证罪"的构成要件及对律师刑事辩护和国家法治形象的深刻危害,在此基础上提出了取消律师伪证罪的法律意见。