国家金融垄断资本扩张的产物——评1946—1949年的上海证券交易所

1946—1949年的上海证券交易所的性质及其地位是战后中国经济史研究中的重要问题之一。本文从国家金融垄断资本扩张的这一背景出发，对1946—1949年的上海证券交易所的性质和地位进行了评价，最后得出作为国家金融垄断资本扩张的产物，上海证券交易所既是近代中国证券市场中形式上最先进的一家证券交易所，但又是实践中独立性最差的一家证券交易所的结论。由于缺乏独立性，上海证券交易所在实际运行中股票行市大起大落，无法正常履行其在经营宗旨中提到的职能，最终沦落为南京政府随意摆布的一个棋子。     

入世后的中国银行业的形势与对策

国企改制能否成功 ?关键是寻找并制定一个国家、股东和职工三方都接受的改制方案。探讨此过程中的思想和工作重点会是十分有益的。     

China and India's Growth Surge: Is it a curse or blessing for Africa? The Case of Manufactured Exports

Abstract: In this paper, we address two major questions. First, the question of whether China and India are displacing the African manufacturing export from the third market. Second, whether there is an evidence of shifting comparative advantage from China and India to Africa. We employed a gravity model with a panel data using 13 African exporters of clothing and accessories for the period 1995–2005 to answer the first question. To answer the second question, we used a flying‐geese model and estimated Spearman's rank correlation coefficients on indices of the revealed comparative advantage vectors of the African exporters and China and India for the same period. Both the gravity and flying‐geese models predicted similar outcomes. We found that there is strong evidence that China has been displacing African manufactures from the third market while India has been complementing it in the early years of the study. However, the overall third market impact of China and India has been that of complementarity in the later years of the study period. This result is found to vary across countries. Furthermore, we found evidence of shifting comparative advantage from China and India to Africa as the flying‐geese theory predicts, South Africa being the leading goose followed by Kenya. The major implication of the study is that, in the world where China and India are reshaping the global economic order dynamically, the outcomes of the traditionally received wisdom of trade liberalization and industrialization policies through export promotion may be uncertain and requires strategic thinking.     

1949—2006年城乡关系演变的历史分析

1978年以前,农民和乡村对工业化和城市的支持,主要是通过提供农业产品的剩余来为工业化提供积累和降低成本。1978年改革开放以来至2003年,随着经济体制改革的深入和城乡“二元经济”的解体,农民和乡村对工业化和城市的支持形式,发生了巨大的变化,通过农业剩余来支持工业化和城市的比重越来越低,而通过农民提供廉价的劳动力和乡村资源(资金和土地等)来支持工业化越来越成为主体。2004年以来,中央政府对城乡关系作了重大调整,使其发生了历史性的转折。     

关于国企股份制重组过程中存在的主要缺陷及其对策

本文讨论的主题是中国国有企业股份制重组的现实状况与重组过程中存在的主要缺陷及相关对策。为什么经过 2 0年改革开放之后的今天中国国有企业问题仍然制约着中国的经济发展 ?股份制能够彻底解决中国的企业制度安排问题吗 ?本文的研究将试图回答这些问题     

Employers' Responses to Demographic Changes in Rural Labour Markets: The Case of Dumfries and Galloway

Employers in many rural areas are facing the problem of a declining workforce due to demographic changes in the population. These demographic changes are a result of a combination of population ageing, the in-migration of mainly retired people, out-migration and low fertility rates. This paper examines how employers are adjusting to demographic changes in Dumfries and Galloway, a rural local authority in south west Scotland. The area has one of the highest proportions of older people in the UK, and as such provides a useful insight into employers' responses to population ageing. Fifty locally based employers were questioned concerning the labour market impact of population ageing and their responses to this situation. The paper argues that in order to ensure the medium-term economic viability of the local economy, employers will need a set of strategies both to attract workers to the area and to increase the participation and retention of older workers resident in the area.     

建国以来新疆经济重心和人口重心的动态转移轨迹与区域经济发展

本文利用区域重心的概念及模型计算了1949年-2009年新疆的经济重心和人口重心,并得出二者的动态转移轨迹,对新疆经济重心和人口重心的动态转移轨迹进行对比分析,得到结论：新疆经济重心的移动和人口重心的移动方向一致,均由西南向东北移动,且人口重心的移动滞后于经济重心的移动;进一步分析了新疆经济重心和人口重心转移的驱动因子,并利用具有空间可分解性的Theil系数验证了新疆经济重心和人口重心的动态转移轨迹表现出来的区域经济发展不平衡。     

从实践中看UCP600对国际贸易的影响——浅评UCP600的变化

UCP600于2007年7月1日正式实施,它是对UCP500的全面修订。文章重点分析了UCP600的成功之处并提出了笔者认为UCP600值得进一步商榷的地方;同时分析了UCP600实施后对主要当事人所带来的影响。文章认为尽管UCP600可能仍存在一些不足或需要进一步完善的地方,但瑕不掩瑜,总体来讲,UCP600是大踏步前进的,它在很大程度上推进了信用证的发展,加速了国际贸易的进程。     

Feature: Taking Africa Seriously: A Case for Enhanced Resource Flow to Facilitate Development and Reduce Poverty

Despite considerable improvements in the policy environmentin many African countries in the last two decades, it is stilldifficult for the rest of the world to take Africa seriously.Not taking Africa seriously affects the growth and developmentoutcomes. Investors do not show much optimism about the region'sfuture, hence the relatively slow flow of private capital intothe region. Capable Africans also show little enthusiasm aboutthe future, hence the flight of financial wealth and human capitalout of the region. In the last decade, African countries havestepped up the campaign to make their reform efforts appearmore credible, adopting more cooperative approaches and greaterinterest in governance issues within a more global and regionalframework. This article seeks to show why the current effortsat broader reform need to be considered more seriously by therest of the world.     

The effect of job displacement on labor market outcomes: Evidence from the Chinese state-owned enterprise reform

We estimate the long-term costs of job displacement for individuals who lost their jobs during the dramatic reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the late 1990s in China, using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. We find that the workers displaced during the SOE reform suffered substantial and persistent earnings losses. In addition, by comparing wage losses and reductions in employment and work hours over time, we find that the majority of long-term earnings losses were driven by declines in post-displacement wages. Moreover, we find that the displaced workers tended to find reemployment in low-skilled occupations, in the private sector, with less profitable employers, and through informal contracts, which may explain the substantial costs of displacement.