跨国公司大面积亏损造成的税收损失问题研究

据统计,在我国有相当部分跨国公司处于亏损状态,这些跨国公司有相当部分是为了避税而人为制造亏损,这给我国的税收造成了很大的损失.如何减少税收损失,从博弈论的角度探讨可以得出结论:较小的跨国公司逃税的概率,有利于增加政府财政收入;较小的税务机关稽查的概率,可以节省稽查成本,根据这两个方面建立完善的管理制度将会减少这方面的税收损失.     

JAVA中环境变量的设置和使用

JAVA程序设计过程中需要涉及环境变量的设置和使用,尤其是path和classpath这两个环境变量.path环境变量用来设置我们要执行的命令所在的目录,而classpath环境变量用来设置我们的JVM虚拟机要查找的类名所在的目录.如何查看、设置、新建和取消环境变量是我们这里要讨论的问题.     

论自然环境对古希腊艺术的影响

古希腊艺术与古希腊自然坏境息息相关,地理环境造就了古希腊艺术的性格;自然物产形成古希腊艺术的主要形式;温和气候以及地理位置铸就古希腊艺术的世界观.本文通过对古希腊自然环境与艺术关系的研究,阐释出古希腊辉煌的艺术深深植根于古希腊的自然环境的土壤中.     

立足创业富民推进创新强市

当前,我们正处于以创新制胜的时代,创新是我们工作的基本要求和永恒主题.创新,对我们来说,不是权宜之计、不是应景之作,而是贯穿于经济社会发展的方方面面,包含在我们工作的每一个环节和部位.     

"金盾风采"——深圳市公安局宝安分局系列报道之(四)科技强警用实招真抓实干为人民——深圳市公安局宝安分局流塘派出所

流塘派出所是宝安分局第一个被公安部评定授予的一级派出所;派出所现有民警55人,警力占实有人口比例为万分之三点四;辖区面积27.1平方公里,总人口16万人,其中户籍人口1.2万人,非户籍14.8万人,二者比例严重倒挂,达到1:12;辖区下设7个社区,有工业区8个、工厂449家、出租屋40934间、商铺3167间、特种行业70间;外来人口多、出租屋多、交通要道多、编制警力少,治安管理任务十分艰巨.     

漂亮办公楼焉能吸引更多投资

作为国家扶贫开发工作重点县的四川省阆中市(县级市),其一些行政机关却超标建设起各类漂亮的办公楼.相关现象被媒体报道后,引来舆论的强烈批评.但是,阆中市的官员对这种批评却不以为然.审计局局长在解释办公楼为什么要建成别墅造型时说,这样做是为了"节约成本";而阆中市委一名官员则如此来给漂亮办公楼现象"定性":"媒体在报道时,强调了阆中是国定贫困县的背景.但我认为,贫困县难道就不能建一些好的楼房吗?";"漂亮的办公楼也能吸引更多投资,带动阆中经济发展."(9月3日《中国青年报》)     

故宫星巴克事件背后的文化焦虑

从在非洲的投资到在拉美的外交活动,从能源需求到地缘渗透,中国的快速发展正深刻改写着世界权力版图.然而这也带来了新的问题:中国是谁?它将以何种面貌和身份崛起?     

“牛肉面限价”存在什么样的市场需求

一纸限价令,让有关兰州牛肉面的话题就像是刚出锅的牛肉面一样,顿时在全国"热气腾腾"起来.<人民日报>、新华社、央视以及全国各地其他媒体纷纷对此表现出极大的关注.那么,牛肉面究竟该不该限价?据<兰州晨报>报道,相关物价部门,牛肉面与民生息息相关,政府应该管,有关消费者也表示,牛肉面如同水电价,政府应出面干涉.(<兰州晨报>7月9日)     

美国通胀：紧随次贷危机的魔影

由于次贷危机的恶化导致了宏观经济可能出现放缓和收缩,美国国内无论决策层面还是市场层面都对通货膨胀的走势作出了非常乐观地估计,甚至美联储在最新一次的货币政策会议声明中明确指出:"经济增长的风险大于通货膨胀的风险",然而,物价的全新上升态势却让人们本以麻木的神经不得不变得重新绷紧起来。     

浅议锡剧传承

锡剧是用无锡方言演唱,用无锡地名命名的地方戏,源于江南地区的吴歌,俗称"无锡滩簧",从江南农村小调演化而来,形成于清乾隆至嘉庆年间,是我省重要的戏曲剧种,在江、浙、沪一带有着广泛影响,被誉为"太湖一支梅".     

Incentives to invest and to give access to non-regulated new technologies

We analyze the incentives of a vertically integrated firm, which is a regulated monopolist in the wholesale market and competes with an entrant in the retail market, to invest and to give access to a new wholesale technology. The new technology represents a non-drastic innovation that produces retail services of a higher quality than the old technology, and is left unregulated. We show that for intermediate values of the access price for the old technology, the vertically integrated firm may decide not to invest. When investment occurs, the vertically integrated firm may be induced to give access to the entrant for a low access price for the old technology. Furthermore, when both firms can invest, investment occurs under a larger set of circumstances, and it is the entrant the firm that invests in more cases. We also discuss the implications for the regulation of the old technology.     

从效率优先到更加注重公平——改革开放以来我国在公平与效率关系上的演变

改革开放以来,我国在公平与效率关系的权衡上,经历了从"公平优先→兼顾效率和公平→效率优先,兼顾公平→初次分配注重效率,再分配注重公平→更加注重公平"的演变过程。     

Committing to transparency to resist corruption

This paper studies firms' incentives to commit to transparent behavior in a competitive procedure modeled as an asymmetric information beauty contest managed by a corrupt agent. In his evaluation of firms' offers for a public contract the agent has some discretion to favor a firm in exchange for a bribe. While unilateral commitment to transparency is never incentive compatible, under some circumstances a voluntary but conditional commitment mechanism can eliminate corruption. A low quality firm may prefer not to commit only when the agent's discretion is strong and the market's profitability is small. In that situation, the high quality firms commit when commitment decisions are kept secret, but some conditions on firms' beliefs are required when commitment decisions are publicly announced. A mechanism combining both conditionality and a reward (a transparent selection advantage that needs not be large) allows complete elimination of corruption.     

How to talk to multiple audiences

Stochastic fictitious play (SFP) assumes that agents do not try to influence the future play of their current opponents, an assumption that is justified by appeal to a setting with a large population of players who are randomly matched to play the game. However, the dynamics of SFP have only been analyzed in models where all agents in a player role have the same beliefs. We analyze the dynamics of SFP in settings where there is a population of agents who observe only outcomes in their own matches and thus have heterogeneous beliefs. We provide conditions that ensure that the system converges to a state with homogeneous beliefs, and that its asymptotic behavior is the same as with a single representative agent in each player role.     

应对反倾销的策略

近年来，我国对外贸易快速增长，已跻身世界贸易六大强国行列。但同时，我国出口产品被反倾销、反补贴涉诉案件日益增多。针对这一情况，提出一些应对反倾销的策略和措施。