The Harm of Symbolic Actions and Green-Washing: Corporate Actions and Communications on Environmental Performance and Their Financial Implications

We examine over 100 top performing Canadian firms in visibly polluting industries as we seek to answer four research questions: What specific environmental issues are firms addressing? How do these issues differ between industries? Are both symbolic and substantive actions financially beneficial? Does green-washing, measured as the difference between symbolic and substantive action, and/or green-highlighting, measured as the combined effect of symbolic and substantive actions, pay? We find that substantive actions of environmental issues (green walk) neither harm nor benefit firms financially, but symbolic actions (green talk) are negatively related to financial performance. We also find that green-washing (discrepancy between green talk and green walk) has a negative effect on financial performance and green-highlighting (concentrated efforts of the talk and walk) has no effect on financial performance. In this article, we provide explanations of our findings and put forth future research directions.     

代言人吸引力、感知匹配性对品牌延伸的影响

文章基于双重路径的说服理论,采用2×2×2实验检验不同卷入度下代言人吸引力、感知匹配性对消费者品牌延伸评价过程的影响。研究结果表明,代言人吸引力对消费者品牌延伸评价具有显著的正向影响,且该影响不受卷入度调节;感知匹配性对消费者品牌延伸评价具有显著的正向影响,其影响受卷入度调节,高卷入度下,感知匹配性影响更强;代言人吸引力与感知匹配性之间不存在显著的交互作用。可见,品牌延伸是企业利用已有品牌优势推出新产品的一种重要方式,选择知名度高的代言人是企业提升品牌延伸效果的有效策略;企业通过操控消费者接触延伸产品时的卷入度,可有效提升品牌延伸的接受程度;企业在进行品牌延伸决策时,应充分考虑延伸产品与母品牌的匹配性。     

品牌代言十字规则

<正>现在,越来越多的企业认识到品牌形象代言人对提高品牌知名度,提升产品销量的作用。我们也可以看到,越来越多的广告中出现了各类明星、模特作为代言人。选好了品牌形象代言人,无论对企业还是代言人来说,都是双赢的结果,选不好,不但会对企业和产品形象产生负面     

明星代言十大误区

不少企业为了提升产品品牌的知名度和美誉度,不惜花费巨资请明星为自己的产品品牌做代言人,于是广告明星代言人形成了一股潮流。明星的身价自然也通过知名度和美誉度等指标的科学测评被精准地量化成了阿拉伯数字的人民币实行明码标价制度,不同的明星有着不同的身价。2005年明星     

产品伤害事件对消费者品牌忠诚度的影响机制研究

本文从产品伤害事件的感知损失程度的角度,研究了产品伤害事件的感知损失程度与品牌感知风险、品牌情感、品牌信任、品牌忠诚之间的关系。文章认为,产品伤害事件中的感知损失与感知风险正相关,与品牌情感、品牌信任负相关;感知风险与品牌情感、品牌信任负相关;品牌情感、品牌信任与品牌忠诚正相关。产品伤害事件对品牌忠诚度影响的机制是产品伤害事件以及与该事件相关的各项信息形成消费者的感知损失与感知风险,进而影响品牌情感与品牌信任,最后导致品牌忠诚度的改变。文章提出,在产品伤害事件不幸发生后,最佳的处理方式是尽量通过各种可能的措施使消费者感到本公司值得信赖,相信公司能够在未来避免此类事件再次发生,能够确保消费者的利益,从而减少消费者对该品牌的疑虑,减弱对该品牌的感知风险,只有这样才能尽量维持消费者对该品牌的喜爱与信任,并进而维持对该品牌的忠诚度。     

票据不得转让对票据流通性的影响

票据是一种流通证券,背书转让是我国票据流通的基本方式,禁止背书就是对票据流通性的限制或禁止。深入分析出票人禁止背书、背书人禁止背书以及法定禁止背书的法律效力,对确定票据权利背书的转让后果,促进票据流通的迅速、安全,发挥票据在经济活动中应有的作用,具有重要意义。     

The Influence of Political Regime on State-Level Disciplinary Actions of CPAs Sanctioned by the PCAOB

Journal of Business Ethics - We investigate whether enforcement is influenced by politics by comparing the severity of PCAOB sanctions of individual CPAs to the severity of related state-level...     

自恋型领导对建言采纳的影响

领导采纳建言是员工建言发挥作用的重要前提,以往研究较少考察建言采纳的影响因素。基于相关理论,提出自恋型领导与建言采纳的关系假设,考察了建言建设性感知的中介效应与领导—成员交换关系(LMX)的调节效应,并通过271份上下级配对数据对研究假设进行了检验。实证结果表明:自恋型领导负向影响建言采纳;建言建设性感知在自恋型领导与建言采纳之间起部分中介作用; LMX在自恋型领导与建言建设性感知之间起负向调节作用,即LMX水平越高,自恋型领导对建言建设性感知的影响越弱,反之,则越强。研究有助于加深对领导因素与建言采纳关系的理解,是对现有建言采纳前因探讨的有益补充,同时对于企业员工管理及领导力提升等实践具有一定指导意义。     

我国羊毛进口增长的影响及其成因分析

在论述了我国羊毛进口增长状况的基础上,提出了羊毛进口快速增长对我国羊毛业及毛纺织业正反两方面的影响,并从毛纺工业的发展,国产羊毛的生产、流通体制、以及对外贸易的角度对我国羊毛进口快速增长的成因进行了系统的分析。     

电商主播特征对消费者购买意愿的影响

现今以电商直播为代表的新型网络营销模式深刻影响着消费者购物方式,电商直播以其独有的实时互动性为消费者营造了真实的购物体验。随着"互联网营销师"被列为正式职业,这种新型的营销模式将被更为广泛的接受。基于SOR理论和感知价值理论,本文将电商主播特征概括为互动性、真实性、专业性和知名度,并采取问卷调查和结构方程模型构建了电商主播特征对消费者购买意愿影响的研究模型,分析结果显示主播特征对消费者感知价值具有正向影响作用,感知价值进一步正向影响消费者信任,进而促进其购买意愿。     

食源性病原微生物的危害

随着社会经济发展和经济全球一体化、交通贸易、旅游业的迅速发展,人类交往频繁,增加了各种食源性病原微生物传播的概率,食物多样化和不良饮食习惯而引起的食源性疾病的发病率出现上升趋势,不断地危害人民的身体健康,给病原微生物的防治工作带来新的挑战。     

实质性损害威胁:确定倾销损害存在的第二条标准

在以往的反倾销案例中,有关当局大都是采用确定倾销损害的第一条标准,即实质性损害的存在来确定倾销损害的成立,而对判定倾销损害存在的第二标准和第三标准却鲜有援引.文章试图通过对有关反倾销案例的观察与分析,阐明判定倾销损害存在的第二条标准即实质性损害威胁在反倾销实践中的运用.     

次贷危机之于中国:成因、影响及启示

种种迹象表明,美国次贷危机引发的全球金融危机远未结束,国际金融动荡将继续波动不稳.尽管我国金融市场相对封闭,开放程度不是很高,但是,此次美国次贷危机对我国金融市场产生的影响也不容小觑.我国政府应强化金融风险意识,在经济增长过程中必须控制风险;加强对房贷业务的管理,稳健发展房贷市场;积极稳妥地推进金融创新,加强对金融衍生产品的风险管理,在推进金融创新中提升风险管理能力;建立完善的信息披露机制,规范贷款业务,提高我国监管部门的风险判断能力和监管能力.     

The Role of Culture in Creative Execution in Celebrity Endorsement: The Cross-Cultural Study

ABSTRACT

In advertising literature, an area rarely explored is cross-cultural studies on celebrity endorsements. A good deal may be learned from understanding how a culture's communication style can shape the type of advertising most effective for that culture. This study examines the creative styles (creative executional factors) found in the advertising of Korea and America. The two countries represent two distinct cultures—Korea being a collectivistic culture and the United States being individualistic. Both cultures affect the norms and rules that guide their inhabitants’ behavior, directly affecting communication styles. The study finds that embedded in the use of celebrity endorsement are cross-cultural characteristics. The details of these findings will be useful to international advertisers executing celebrity endorsement campaigns in different cultural settings.     

In Lieu of a Sovereignty Shield,Multinational Corporations Should Be Responsible for the Harm They Cause

Some progress has been made in recent decades to articulate corporate social responsibility (CSR) and, more recently, to associate CSR with international enforcement of human rights. This progress continues to be hampered, however, by the ability of a multinational corporation (MNC) that violates human rights not only to shift liability from itself to a nation-state but even to win compensation from that nation-state for loss of profits due to restrictions on its business activities. In the process, the nation-state’s sovereignty is diminishing; and, in effect, though still attributed to nation-states, it is being transferred to the MNC. The main aim of this article is (1) to draw on normative considerations to claim that this MNC proto-sovereignty should be modified and (2) to contend that this can eventually be accomplished by adding to corporate adoption of CSR guidelines a regimen of global human rights enforcement. I base this contention on expectations about the internationalization of corporate criminal law and the globalization of civil society in general and of NGOs in particular. I consider various jurisdictions but I focus on US jurisprudence.     

The Wealth Effect of Corporate Water Actions: How Past Corporate Responsibility and Irresponsibility Influence Stock Market Reactions

Journal of Business Ethics - Companies increasingly recognize the importance of communicating corporate social responsibility (CSR) including their engagement toward employees, the community, the...     

论不成熟消费市场影响顾客理性购买行为的原因

顾客理性不仅是消费者群体成熟的一个标志，也是企业营销行为所认定的一个不可侵犯的前提；企业在讲求诚信与道德的基础上培育顾客忠诚，不仅能保障消费者的权益，而且也为企业自身增加了竞争的砝码。本文通过分析不成熟消费市场中顾客理性现状，提出通过避免买卖双方的信息不对称、改善消费者的知情权来增进市场成熟度的对策。     

Online Engagement and the Role of Digital Influencers in Product Endorsement on Instagram

Abstract

The article aims to analyze the forms of engagement generated from the endorsement of products by digital influencers on Instagram, considering the characteristics of their online posts. A qualitative approach was used to investigate digital influencers’ posts based on semiotic image analysis and the critical incidents technique. The results reinforced that digital platforms enable distinct forms of engagement by establishing new configurations that affect relationship marketing and promotion strategies. In particular, on Instagram, the development of engagement can involve four participants who play different social roles, expanding the process of value co-creation.     

The Effects of Ethical Codes on Ethical Perceptions of Actions Toward Stakeholders

As a result of numerous, highly publicized, ethical breaches, firms and their agents are under ongoing scrutiny. In an attempt to improve both their image and their ethical performance, some firms have adopted ethical codes of conduct. Past research investigating the effects of ethical codes of conduct on behavior and ethical attitudes has yielded mixed results. In this study, we again take up the question of the effect of ethical codes on ethical attitudes and find strong evidence to suggest that business professionals employed at firms with ethical codes of conduct are significantly less accepting of ethically questionable behavior toward most stakeholders. One notable exception relates to ethical actions toward customers.     

An Analysis of Endorsement Effects in Affinity Marketing: The Case for Affinity Credit Cards

In recent years, affinity-marketing strategy has been widely used by for-profit organizations, particularly financial institutions, to leverage the goodwill and endorsement of affinity groups to promote their service offerings to group members. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the underlying factors driving the effectiveness of endorsement as it affects the process by which members make choices. Applying affinity credit cards as the research context, this study examines whether the addition of endorsement effects (i.e., affect transfer effect, perceived quality effect, and cause-related effect) of a positively valued affinity group would have any impact on its members' choice processes as depicted in the traditional hierarchy-of-effects model. The results of this empirical study confirm all the hypotheses, with the exception of affect transfer.