Fertility,intergenerational transfers and economic development

This paper develops a model of endogenous growth where agents are altruistic and value both the utilities of their parent and of their children. Individuals endogenously choose the number of their children, and arbitrate between financing education, leaving them some bequest and offering some gift to their parents. We establish the existence of three types of long run regime. Starting from a low level of human capital, an economy converges towards a stationary state associated with a constant output per worker, a high level of fertility and ascendant transfers. If the initial level of human capital is not too low, another stationary state jointly exists with a lower level of fertility and no transfer. Finally, starting from a high level of human capital, the economy experiences a steady growth of output per worker associated with a low fertility level and descendant transfers. We then assume that an economy is initially in the stationary underdevelopment regime with ascendant transfers, and we study the power of different policies to push the economy toward the growth regime. We successively consider a fertility control policy, an education subsidies policy, and the introduction of a pension system for the elderly.     

论人力资源管理的对象资源

企业人力资源管理的主管或经理如果不能准确定位或识别主要的对象资源,他们将无法为企业实施有效的?有价值的人力资源管理.作者在企业竞争力应该在不断改善与提升的前提下,提出企业人力资源管理主要对象资源的构成.     

论人力资源管理的对象资源

企业人力资源管理的主管或经理如果不能准确定位或识别主要的对象资源,他们将无法为企业实施有效的?有价值的人力资源管理.作者在企业竞争力应该在不断改善与提升的前提下,提出企业人力资源管理主要对象资源的构成.     

Intergovernmental transfers and fiscal behavior insurance versus aggregate discipline

This paper evaluates the trade-off between the advantages of risk sharing and the perils of common pool problems in federal fiscal arrangements. Under the assumption of asymmetric information we evaluate two alternative regimes of intergovernmental transfers. In one regime, the central government pre-commits to a certain level of transfers that compensate vertical fiscal imbalances and provide some limited ex-ante insurance. In the other regime, it accommodates ex-post the fiscal needs of the different provinces. In this second case, full-insurance results, but the economy is subject to a tragedy of the fiscal commons, with excessive subnational spending, insufficient local taxation, and reduced production of federal public goods. We find the range of parameters for which one or the other institutional regime will be preferable. The result is a fiscal-federalism version of the usual trade-off between rules and discretion.     

Currency depreciations, financial transfers, and firm heterogeneity

The present paper investigates five episodes of currency collapse from the perspective of non-financial firms operating in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. We focus on two aspects: wealth and income transfers from borrowing firms to lenders and firm heterogeneity. At the firm level, we find that the currency collapses are preceded and associated with sharply rising financial transfers from firms to lenders. The debt and income structure is central in explaining the asymmetric firm dynamics. Most affected are firms with high levels of unhedged foreign-currency debt. At the country level, Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico display three contrasting examples. Argentina has a large currency mismatch, Brazil balances the currency denomination of debt and income (natural hedge), and Mexico occupies an intermediate position.     

The economics of enlarging the European Union: Policy reform versus transfers

While the European Union will hardly be in a position to receive new members without extensive policy and financial reform, the discussion so far has exaggerated the link between reform and enlargement. It has also tended to neglect the economic benefits to be expected from integrating the CEECs into the EU and has been dominated by concerns about intra-EU transfers. In an attempt to placate those member states which have complained that they pay too much, recent proposals could give rise to more inefficiencies and disparities within the Union. The author is grateful to Beuter, Frank Bollen, Veerle Deekmyn and Les Metealfe for their comments on a previous draft. The author alone is responsible for the views expressed in this paper.     

The resources crisis

This article utilizes a new concept of supply and demand for raw materials. It emphasizes the need for the use of long run economics rather than short run analysis in the determination of a fair price for raw commodities.     

谈人力资源发展

本文主要从人力资源概念、特征,人力资源与发展的关系,人力资源如何发展三个方面阐述人力资源在经济发展中的重要性和人力资源发展的核心问题.     

信息资源共享探析

文章分析了信息共享空间的核心理念、服务内容、空间设施及资源体系,探讨了如何构建IC的资源体系.     

The economics of exhaustible resources

Are natural resources getting scarcer? How should the limited reservoir of non-replenishable raw materials such as metals and fossile fuels be utilized by successive generations? What possible solutions are proposed by economics in the face of diminishing reserves of raw materials? These are the questions which occupied German and foreign economists at the meeting of Gesellschaft für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften—Verein für Socialpolitik—in Mannheim on September 24–26, 1979. The following report on the crucial issues raised at the meeting is not claimed to cover the full range of the discussion.     

入世与我国西部大开发的政策调整

我国加入WTO,意味羡我国的区域政策不可避免地受到世界贸易组织规则和新贸易问题的制约。我国的西部大开发政策必须在坚持WTO基本原则的基础上不断地进行调整：规范和调整西部大开发优惠政策的手段;从区域政策、产业政策逐步向环境政策和资源政策转变;中央政府的扶持政策应从直接补贴逐步向间接补贴过渡;制定西部地区开发法,开征“西部开发税”。     

现代人力资源管理探析

为使人力资源的作用得到充分发挥,必须顺应时代的发展,改革传统的人事管理.为此,企业可以从战略化、动态化、虚拟化、信息化和多样化等方面入手,推动企业人力资源管理创新工作.     

人力资源推动市场发展--访UPS全球人力资源高级副总裁莉雅·苏帕达女士

今年6月,UPS公司再次被美国《财富》杂志评为"全球业内最受欢迎企业"和"美国业内最受欢迎企业"称号,除此以外.它还被评为世界十佳最具贡献价值公司之一.这已经是UPS公司连续6次被评为"全球业内最受欢迎企业"的称号,也是连续21年被评为"美国业内最受欢迎企业"的称号.同时.根据UPS的数据统计.公司的员工流失率约为6%,在人才流动如此频繁的今天.这一数字无疑是一个奇迹.UPS成功的背后究竟有什么秘密呢?本刊记者采访了UPS全球人力资源高级副总裁莉雅·苏帕达女士.     

人力资源管理发展分析

文章分析了企业人力资源管理实现信息化的必要性和存在的问题,提出具体的措施.