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年来,中国证监会及其它相关管理部门加强了对上市公司监管的力度,采取了包括退市在内的一系列措施,其中推行独立董事制度是进一步完善公司治理结构的重点工作之一。本文拟对美国独立董事在公司治理结构中的作用进行一些探讨,为我国独立董事制度的建立提供一些有益的借鉴。一、对独立董事的理解1.独立董事对应于非独立董事。独立董事是与非独立董事相对应的。非独立董事是指或多或少地与管理层有某种个人和经济利益联系的董事,这种联系可能会影响其职责的正常行使。非独立董事包括,现任和前任公司负责人和雇员、关联方经济实体的负责… 相似文献
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独立董事制度与公司治理结构的完善 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
国证监会颁布了《关于在上市公司建立独立董事制度的指导意见》,把独立董事制度纳入了规范化的轨道。公司管理层引进有效制衡的独立董事制度,对完善上市公司的治理结构,推进证券市场的市场化改革将起到积极的作用,但仍存在一些相关问题需要解决。一、独立董事制度的起源沿革独立董事最早出现在20世纪40年代的美国。当时其资本市场日益发达,上市公司数量增多,出现股权高度分散化的格局。公司董事会更多地被控股股东操纵,董事会在一定程度上丧失了监督经营者的职权,因此提出在董事会中引入外部董事或非执行董事,防止公司被内部人… 相似文献
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论独立董事与监事会的制度比较 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从各国情况来看,作为公司内部监督机制的独立董事制度和监事会制度都有效的发挥着制约管理层,保护中小股东的利益的作用。孰优孰劣,尚无定论。本文拟通过独立董事和监事会的制度比较,探讨公司治理结构的内部监控问题。 相似文献
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企业发展初期,随着企业规模的扩大,出现了两权分离。这样委托人就要对代理人一经理进行监督,所以这时公司治理的关键是如何防止代理人舞弊行为。当企业组织不断扩大,竞争越来越激烈的时候,管理对企业的发展越来越关键。知识和智力资本成为企业发展的重要因素。因此,公司治理结构在这一阶段主要解决的问题,既包含原来对代理人的监督, 相似文献
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独立董事的独立性研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
吴旭虹 《财会研究(甘肃)》2003,(10):48-49
一、独立董事是否独立独立董事是指外部董事或非执行董事,他们独立于公司之外,以确保董事会决策能最大程度的代表所有股东权益,并同时保证对管理层的监督职能。作为建立有效的公司治理结构的一项重要举措,中国证监会在2001年5月31日制订并发布了《关于在上市公司建立独立董事制度的指导意见》以下简称《指导意见》;2002年初,中国证监会又将独立董事制度明确写入了新发布的《上市公司治理准则》,并通知要求所有的上市公司必须在2003年6月底前选聘两名以上的独立董事,在2003年6月底前董事会中独立董事人数必须占到1/3以上。目前上市公司大多都… 相似文献
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How family spending has changed in the U.S 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jacobs E Shipp S 《Monthly labor review / U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics》1990,113(3):20-27
Since the Monthly Labor Review began, the proportion of family expenditures allocated for food has dropped by half, the incidence of homeownership has doubled, and spending for transportation, medical care, and recreation has increased significantly. 相似文献
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回顾了物流在美国的发展和研究状况,从历史和学术研究史的角度看,对深入认识物流的本质和未来发展趋势都有着重要的作用.同时,美国物流的发展史对我国的物流发展也有着积极的借鉴作用. 相似文献
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美国物流六十年及启示 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
回顾了物流在美国的发展和研究状况,从历史和学术研究史的角度看,对深入认识物流的本质和未来发展趋势都有着重要的作用。同时,美国物流的发展史对我国的物流发展也有着积极的借鉴作用。 相似文献
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Douglas K. Schneider Mark G. McCarthy & Paul Wertheim 《Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting》1999,10(1):24-41
Accounting for convertible debt has long been a source of controversy in the accounting profession in the U.S. Current U.S. accounting rules require classifying convertible debt at date of issuance as entirely debt until conversion, despite numerous studies that assert that convertible debt is not entirely debt, but is a blend of debt and equity. Convertible debt has taken on international interest because of the issuance of International Accounting Standard (IAS) 32, Financial Instruments; Disclosure and Presentation, which prescribes reporting separate debt and equity components for convertible debt. This study examines convertible debt issued by U.S. firms and non-U.S. firms listed in the U.S. using a levels approach. Specifically, convertible debt is compared to straight debt and contrary to ex ante expectation, convertible debt was not found to be perceived as being significantly different than straight debt for U.S. firms for any years and is statistically different in only two of the six years tested for non-U.S. firms. The validity of this study's findings is underscored by its research design, which compares convertible debt and straight debt issued by the same firms. The findings suggest that investors regard reported amounts of convertible debt similar to straight debt in their assessment of firm value. 相似文献
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《Journal of Transnational Management》2013,18(3-4):253-276
SUMMARY U.S. government trade policy increasingly reflects “strategic trade” beliefs that, because competition in markets is imperfect, governments can act strategically to affect trade flows and enhance national welfare. The U.S. National Export Strategy targets the infrastructure sector in twelve developing countries as a strategic opportunity for U.S. construction firms. This paper examines whether U.S. government export promotion initiatives effectively implement strategic trade policy by providing appropriate support to these firms in that target market. It concludes that, within limits, they do. 相似文献
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从监管的角度看美国次贷危机 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
自2007年初至今,一场来势凶猛的次贷风暴席卷美国乃至整个世界金融市场。新世纪金融、贝尔斯登、雷曼、美林等大型金融机构不断曝出巨额亏损甚至破产,欧洲、亚洲等世界其他国家的金融机构也未能幸免。这次冲击不仅使得次级贷款市场降到冰点,由于连锁反应还波 相似文献
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随着中国现代化农村供电企业文化传播与落地工程中有效传播方式的建设,为确保企业文化传播的落地工程研究,深入推进农村供电企业公司文化强企战略工作,快速传播公司生产经营等方面是必由之路。 相似文献
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Global sourcing has led to lower cost and more effective supply chains for many companies. However, when the cost-driven practices of many suppliers in these chains come to light there is often considerable debate over the ethics of these practices. This research uses the well-known Hunt–Vitell framework as the theoretical foundation for a structural equation model of the deontological and teleological evaluations used by consumers when making ethical judgments of a firm's controversial cost-driven global sourcing practices. Data from a large-scale U.S. consumer survey show the importance of deontological and teleological evaluations in forming consumers’ ethical judgments of global sourcing practices, and establish a strong relationship between ethical judgment and the intention of consumers to alter consumption of a firm's products. Extensions to the framework and demographic analyses for age, gender, and income provide insights as to how perceptions of these practices affect consumer evaluations of a company involved in global sourcing and how consumers actualize their resultant intentions. 相似文献