Disability Insurance Denial Rates and the Labor Force Participation of Older Men and Women in Canada

We examine the effect of denial rates from the Canada/Quebec Pension Plan (C/QPP) disability program on the labor force participation of older men and women in Canada. Our study uses data from a period in which there was a change in CPP disability adjudication requirements, which also varied by province, but no change in the QPP disability program requirements. This created variation in the CPP disability program’s denial rates. The estimates from our preferred specifications indicate that denial rates do not have the expected statistically significant negative effect on the participation decisions of older men or women. These findings may be the result of a change in the applicant pool for disability benefits.

Retirement of Older Workers and Employment of the Young

Policy makers have often argued that an additional benefit of facilitating early retirement is that it creates employment for the young. This may happen if older and younger workers are substitutes. Nowadays policies are aimed at increasing employment of older people to counter the economic consequences of an aging population. Opponents of such policies argue that these will adversely affect youth employment. This paper revisits the nexus between employment of older and younger workers, if only to put any concerns for adverse effects of later retirement on youth employment to rest. To empirically investigate this issue we estimate a dynamic model of employment of the young, prime age and old people using panel data of 22 OECD countries over the time period 1960–2008. Our empirical analysis does not support the hypothesis that employment of the young and old are substitutes and finds some minor complementarities. This suggests that encouraging later retirement will have no adverse effect on youth employment.     

失地妇女就业及其收入的影响因素分析

本文采用珠江三角洲地区农村失地妇女2005年就业情况的调查数据，首先运用赫克曼两阶段法（Heckman Twoste）修正样本选择偏差，分析了在城市化过程中失去土地的妇女在成为城市居民后就业和收入的决定因素，然后利用MuhinomialLogit模型，分析了影响失地妇女选择不同就业方式的决定因素。结论表明，年龄、教育和培训以及家庭背景分别是影响失地妇女通过自主创业、在劳务市场找到工作、亲戚朋友或妇联找到工作最显著的变量之一。对此，本文提出了提高失地妇女就业率的可供参考的政策建议。     

男人如茶，女人如水

茶要散发出沁人肺腑的清香,却是离不开水的.水泡茶天经地义,茶融于水人人皆知.茶叶和水天生就是般配的.     

浅谈塞克斯顿诗中的两性关系

两性关系是美国诗人安妮.塞克斯顿诗歌作品中的一个重要主题。诗人在多篇诗作中描写了存在于现代社会中各种各样的两性关系。塞克斯顿以女性视角细腻地传达出现代女性在恋爱与婚姻中的感受和遭遇,有爱情的甜蜜,也有不幸和痛苦。     

你不吃醋我吃醋

醋,已经铁定是男女间上纲上线的飞来峰,在男女之大防间,飞来横"醋"既能起出其不意之功效,又能防微杜渐.     

非均衡产业结构下的就业增长率

在刚性的就业体制废除以后,就业增长率一直处于低位徘徊。经济增长与就业增长呈现出较强的非一致性,这种现象与我国非均衡的产业结构密不可分。从非均衡的产业结构变动特点出发,分析非均衡的产业结构的变动对就业增长率的影响,有利于妥善处理好产业结构与就业增长率的关系,从而提高就业增长率。     

英语骂詈语的男女使用差异——基于语料库的分析

对英语骂詈语男女使用差异的研究通常有两种观点，传统观点认为男性在骂詈语的使用上无论是使用的强度和频率都高于女性；而实证研究者则认为男性和女性在骂詈语使用上的差异并不明显。本文结合相关的语料研究，分析和探讨男性和女性骂詈语使用的态度及具体差异。     

The Wage Gap between Men and Women in Botswana's Formal Labour Market

This study looks at the wage gap between men and women in Botswana'sformal sector labour market. The wage gap is decomposed usingOaxaca's decomposition methodology. This method breaks downearnings differences into two parts: one part is due to differencesin characteristics between men and women, while the other partis due to differences in rewards to those characteristics inthe labour market. The latter has often been interpreted asa measure of the extent of the discrimination against women.The results of the decomposition exercise shows that there isrelatively less discrimination in the public sector, while inthe private sector discrimination against women is a major factorexplaining the differences in their earnings.     

平等权视阈下同龄退休的可行模式

退休权是宪法确认的公民基本权利,但我国现行的法定退休年龄因性别差异而作区分,这与宪法平等权的要求不符。近年来,同龄退休的呼声在全社会日渐响亮。党的十八届五中全会提出了出台渐进式延迟退休年龄政策,为实现同龄退休提供了契机。故在肯定男女同龄退休可行的基础上,借鉴域外退休制度的有益经验,提出符合国情的同龄退休可行方案。     

China＇s Urban Employment and Urbanization Rate： A Re-estimation

The present paper argues that China＇s existing population and employment statistics are misleading, and have failed to include many of the migrant and labor force flows between urban and rural areas. The paper reconciles the differences between official census data and other survey statistics and attempts to recalculate China＇s urban population and employment figures. Our analyses indicate that official statistics of 2012 underestimate China ＇s urban employment by approximately 47 million while overestimating rural employment by 31 million. The adjusted urbanization rate exceeded 55 percent in 2012, almost 3 percentage points higher than the official statistics. Nevertheless, there remains much potential for rural-to-urban migration. More specifically, if the current bottlenecks in household registration, social security and public welfare systems can be removed or relaxed, China＇s urbanization rate could rise by another l O percentage points or even more over the next decade.     

试析大学生就业对教育助学贷款回收率的影响

助学贷款拖欠率反映了贷款回收的效率。拖欠的原因很多 ,作者认为最重要的一个因素是贫困生的就业和收入状况。要降低贷款拖欠率 ,就要考虑到学生实际的还款能力。在就业率和收入高的情况下 ,影响回收的主要因素是信用 ;但在就业率和收入低的状况下 ,则可能是想还也还不起。因此在制定还款方案时 ,要符合学生就业收入的实际情况 ,尽可能降低拖欠率     

农民工失业率与就业权益保障的关系探讨

2018年7月,国家统计局首次公布外来农民工前六个月的调查失业率在4.3%-5.0%之间,这是历史性的进步。选取失业统计的遗漏入手,论证农民工失业问题的切实存在,发现农民工低失业率背后是就业权益保障的缺失。为保障农民工就业权益,提出完善劳动力调查制度、农民工社会保障制度,深化户籍制度改革,大力扶持民营企业发展的政策建议。     

汇率升值对就业影响的中日比较

关于就业问题,以往的研究主要从就业总量与就业结构两个角度进行探讨,本文对就业结构的研究进行了拓展,在实证研究中引入汇率,运用协整和误差修正模型对日中两国实际汇率与第三产业产值比重和就业比重之间的关系进行了国别比较。实证结果表明,从长期看日本第三产业就业比重上升与实际汇率升值正相关,而中国的相应变量间不存在类似长期关系。比较分析得出结论:只有在汇率适度浮动,资源在部门间流动壁垒减少这两个条件满足时,汇率升值才会产生资源配置作用,推动劳动向非贸易部门转移,逐步优化就业结构。     

汇率变动对工资和就业结构影响的实证分析

本文由Frenkel两部门理论模型,采用IMF提供的人民币对美元实际汇率数据,通过实证分析发现,实际汇率升值会显著减少贸易部门就业,即人民币升值使贸易部门就业人数显著减少,非贸易部门第二产业工人就业人数会增加,对第三产业工人就业影响不大,但就业工人实际工资水平都会有所提高。所以本文的结论是,人民币升值能提升中低阶层福利水平,支持人民币升值。