Price and information disclosure in the private art market: A signalling game

In this paper, we model private art market agents’ strategic interactions in presence of two types of asymmetric information, about artwork quality and buyer’s knowledge, assuming the seller does not know how informed is the buyer while the buyer does not know the quality of the artwork before purchase. If the seller can choose either a high or a low price and the buyer can signal his type to the seller, we identify the conditions for both equilibria with pooling buyer signalling strategy and with separating strategy, as well as conditions for equilibria where the seller fixes the price according to the actual quality and where he posts prices trying to take advantage of buyer’s limited information. Finally, we identify the condition for the emergence of a “counter-lemon” result, where low-quality artworks and uninformed collectors exit the market, suggesting that seller uncertainty does not directly benefit the buyers, but it can impact the quality traded in the market.     

The art of conversation: eliciting information from experts through multi-stage communication

We examine the strategic interaction between an informed expert and an uninformed decision maker, extending the analysis of Crawford and Sobel (Econometrica 50 (1982) 1431). We modify their model to allow for more extensive communication between the two parties and show that face-to-face communication between the expert and the uninformed decision maker followed by a written report from the expert leads to improved information transmission. In (almost) all cases, there exists an equilibrium in our modified model that ex ante Pareto dominates all of the equilibria identified by Crawford and Sobel. This remains true even if the expert's bias is so great that in their model no information would be disclosed.     

Pre‐sale information and hammer prices for Australian Indigenous art

Using sales data from 1987–2011 we investigate the role that pre‐sale price information plays in determining hammer prices for Australian Indigenous artworks. Importantly, we control for the degree of market concentration as this might influence buyers’ perceptions of fairness in relation to price estimates which are provided by auction houses. Auction houses therefore act as important intermediaries between art sellers and art buyers. The results suggest that pre‐sale estimates and market concentration have a differential impact on hammer prices, depending on the point in the conditional realised price distribution under examination.     

The art and neurobiology of connection: the leader's challenge

When we feel connected and safe, the cerebral cortex of our brain responds by becoming involved, which leads to peak performance. When we work in a culture of constant fear, the deeper levels of our brain are activated to respond to the fear and our cerebral cortex is disabled. ultures that are negative and focus on people's weaknesses create "learned helplessness" lead to high rates of depression among the workforce, and cannot achieve the results of optimistic workplaces. The profession loses far too many excellent nurses every year because of the inability of managers and leaders to seriously connect with the front line. What we do as leaders creates a physiological reaction and a basis for effective or ineffective work units.     

On Human Capital Characters of the Party and Government Leaders

In the era of knowledge-based economy, human capital has become the primary resource in our society. The party and government leaders are key human capital in economic development. However, what is the value of the party and government leaders in economic development? Are they as important as or even more important than the entrepreneurs? Very few studies have covered these points. This paper aims at providing answers to the above questions by analyzing the human capital of the party and government leaders. This paper mainly illustrates nine features of the human capital in the party and government: the high level, the measurement by public effect, “entrepreneurs” in managing public resources, the key of human capital, the logical precondition of other human capital, the scarcity, the irreversibility, the asymmetry, and the diversification. It concludes that party and government leaders are a special human capital, which differs from both the ordinary human capital and the entrepreneurs in the private sectors. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the selection of the party and government leaders and the rewards corresponding to their contributions to public benefits.     

Leaders in change : Solar energy owners and the implications for future adoption rates

Information on the characteristics of the initial wave of homeowners who installed solar energy systems is presented and then used to anticipate future solar market penetration patterns. Surveys of these adopters reveal high education and income levels; professional and executive occupations; economic, energy saving, and environmental concern as the principal purchase motivations; and high satisfaction levels. As a group, these individuals conform to the “early adopter” type identified in innovation diffusion research rather than the “innovator” type that would be expected at this early stage of commercialization. This characteristic, the influence of economic motivations, owners' high satisfaction levels, and the findings of other surveys indicate that widespread solar system adoption is probable if the initial high cost barrier can be reduced.     

对音乐艺术教育的思考

音乐艺术教育应引起全社会的高度重视。要把加强音乐艺术教育作为教育改革的一项重要内容,建立和完善学校音乐艺术教育法规以及相配套的一系列规章制度。要提高音乐教师素质,稳定教师队伍。教育科研部门要加强对音乐教材、教法的研究,加大教学实验的力度,推广应用科研新成果,使音乐教育不断适应教育改革和发展的需要。     

Democracy and economic outcomes: Evidence from the superstars of modern art

This paper analyses the impact of the political environment on the value of artistic outcomes as measured by the price of paintings produced over the period from 1820 to 2007. The analysis is based on a unique dataset encompassing a global sample of 273 superstars of modern art born between 1800 and 1945, auction results of their paintings, and data on the political environment in the respective production countries. Controlling for a variety of economic and hedonic variables, there is a statistically significant, positive link between the level of democracy and the value of artistic output. Moreover, we find that democracy has a significant positive impact both on the density of superstar painters and the collective artistic human capital in a country.     

Myths of information: the cultural impact of new information technologies

This paper discusses the beliefs that circulate in contemporary culture about new communication technologies. Considered together these beliefs express two mythological narratives about the meaning of the information revolution. (1) that new information technologies will empower individuals and transform both work and leisure; and (2) that such technologies can solve the problems of democracy in a post-industrial age. These myths are neither true nor false; rather they are the way that we make sense of our moment of history and a projection of the hopes we collectively project on to new technologies. In discussing these myths, this paper seeks to identify the signal cultural implications of new communication technologies.     

Discoveries of fakes: Their impact on the art market

This paper shows that before (after) fakes’ discoveries, artworks are less (more) likely to be sold through Sotheby’s or Christie’s. Prices only react negatively with a lag, suggesting that sellers try to postpone their sales as long as possible.     

Internal migration data in India: state of the art

The availability and content of official data on internal migration in India are reviewed. The primary data sources described are the census and the National Sample Survey. Problems concerning these data are discussed.     

高校领导者非权力影响力研究

领导者的影响力一般有两种，即强制的权力影响力和自然的非权力影响力。由于高校领导者非权力影响力的弱化及大量人才的流失，迫切需要提高高校领导者非权力影响力。针对高校管理的特点，提出了提高高校领导者非权力影响力的对策性建议。     

高校艺术类学生干部培养管理浅析

高校艺术类学生干部的管理存在选拔制度不完善,不注重学生干部培养等问题。而且艺术类大学生与其他专业大学生相比,具有一定的共性,但是艺术类大学生又具有鲜明的个性特点。他们张扬个性,缺乏团队合作精神;多才多艺,文化基础薄弱;感性高于理性,易受社会上不良风气的影响等。高校学生干部队伍的建设是学生工作得以顺利开展的基础。只有针对艺术类学生干部的特点,有针对性地进行管理和培养,才能更加有利于非艺术类院校艺术类学生工作者开展工作,将学校教育管理工作做的更好。     

Addressing the information needs of technology managers: Making derived information usable

Technology managers are faced with identifying emerging technologies with the greatest economic potential. Text mining of technical information sources has great potential for structuring and analyzing the vast amounts of information that is available today. There are tools available capable of analyzing patents and publication databases for trends, identifying emerging activity, and monitoring competitors. However, a disconnect between managers' information needs and the analysts' information provides a significant challenge. Additionally, technology managers are not accustomed to processing derived knowledge obtained through text mining. Thus, analysts must present information to managers so that they can easily and accurately interpret it. This paper investigates an approach that presents derived information in the context of stated information needs by technology managers. Those information needs are assessed via survey, applied to a sample technology record set, and evaluated according to stated criteria.     

Addressing the information needs of technology managers: Making derived information usable

Technology managers are faced with identifying emerging technologies with the greatest economic potential. Text mining of technical information sources has great potential for structuring and analyzing the vast amounts of information that is available today. There are tools available capable of analyzing patents and publication databases for trends, identifying emerging activity, and monitoring competitors. However, a disconnect between managers' information needs and the analysts' information provides a significant challenge. Additionally, technology managers are not accustomed to processing derived knowledge obtained through text mining. Thus, analysts must present information to managers so that they can easily and accurately interpret it. This paper investigates an approach that presents derived information in the context of stated information needs by technology managers. Those information needs are assessed via survey, applied to a sample technology record set, and evaluated according to stated criteria.     

小型团队领导者过程绩效测量量表研究

工作绩效可区分为最终绩效、周边绩效和过程绩效.工作绩效存在累积过程,最终绩效是由过程绩效和周边绩效累积而成的,对过程绩效的测量是工作绩效测评的一个重要方面.过程绩效是个体或团体在形成最终的工作成果之前所取得的、符合服务对象要求的阶段性工作成果.小型团队领导者的过程绩效是通过下属的阶段性成果间接体现出来的,需要特殊的测量工具.本研究探讨了小型团队领导者管理工作的特点,对其工作结构进行了分解,并构建了相应的测量量表,量表由任务管理和团队管理两个分量表组成.本研究采用Cronbachα系数法进行信度分析,采用相关系数法检验校标效度,采用肯证式因子分析检验量表的结构效度,检验结果表明小型团队领导者过程绩效量表具有良好的信效度.该量表可作为小型团队领导者工作绩效测评的工具,并可进一步应用于小型团队领导者的选拔、培养和绩效改进.