我国大学生创业教育问题及其对策探讨

我国创业教育始于20世纪90年代末,存在着创业教育体系不完善,创业教育课程体系不灵活、创业文化氛围不浓等问题,政府、学校、社会共同合作要营造良好的大学生创业环境、完善创业课程体系和扶持政策、培养创业导师等来加强大学创业教育。     

Necessity entrepreneurship in Latin America: it´s not that simple

ABSTRACT

Entrepreneurship literature takes for granted the motivation dichotomy; however, this simplistic view have been criticised for several studies because it likely does an injustice to entrepreneurs, particularly Latin America (LA) entrepreneurs. This study seeks to contribute to the body of knowledge on entrepreneurs to better explain the process of entrepreneurs being motivated by necessity. We use the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database for LA countries and develop an econometric model based on a set of variables, including contextual variables. First, we identify three types of entrepreneurial motivation: necessity, opportunity and transition. We then demonstrate that the motivation dichotomy does not represent LA entrepreneurship. Second, we find that necessity-driven entrepreneurship does not necessarily indicate the absence of high growth aspirations because some entrepreneurs in this category have such aspirations. Third, we observe that significant differences exist among entrepreneurs based on context, specifically among necessity-driven entrepreneurs. These findings have practical implications for research on entrepreneurship and for regional development.     

In what sense ‘regional development?’: entrepreneurship,underdevelopment and strong tradition in the periphery

This paper explores whether entrepreneurship can help less successful regions to improve their regional economic situation, without all the benefits that entrepreneurship brings when being ‘stripped out’ to more successful regions. The paper uses the idea that peripheral regions possess qualities of tradition and underdevelopment, and that these help to anchor new firms into these regions, resistant to their concentration in core regions. The paper explores whether particular entrepreneurial events can be regarded as ‘densifying’ the regional entrepreneurial environment, thereby making a positive contribution to its economic development. The paper explores the role of these negative anchors to the entrepreneurial events and the densification process by following a sequence of high-technology spin-out firms in the North East of England. Using a realist methodology attempting to interview all the firms within the sequence which could be found, the paper discovers that quite positive advantages exist within these negative qualities.The paper then considers whether these processes, such as plant closure, might drive entrepreneurship in all regions.     

地域文化与旅游纪念品开发探析

文化是旅游的灵魂,旅游是文化的载体。在"文化牵引经济"的时代背境下,具有鲜明特色的地域文化应成为旅游纪念品开发的根基和源泉。在旅游纪念品的设计、包装、传播中注入地域文化元素,表现和彰显地域文化的个性特征,一方面有利于宣传旅游地品牌形象;另一方面,有助于提升旅游纪念品自身的文化品位,增强吸引力,实现其价值和功能,使旅游纪念品成为旅游者回忆、回味与旅游地密切相关的独特旅游体验的记忆线索。     

创业型经济背景下高校创业文化培育

基于当前的创业型经济发展背景,培育高校创业文化对推动高校人才培养模式改革、促进大学生就业和成长以及增强高校的发展竞争力等具有十分重要的作用。本文深入分析高校创业文化的构成和特性及其培育的重要意义,并就如何培育提出有效的对策建议,即:大力营造创业氛围,转变高校师生的思想观念;完善管理机制,形成健全的创业支持体系;改革高校人才培养模式,大力推动创业实践;立足高校自身特色,紧密结合地方经济发展需要等。     

我国区域经济发展现状与财政政策对策

自从改革开放以来,国内的经济快速发展,但是我国东西部的区域经济发展出现较大的不平衡。主要体现在东部发展较快,但是中西部由于受地理位置的约束,造成经济发展迟缓。东部和西部的人均GDP和居民收入存在显著的差异,因此,国家需要出台一系列的区域发展政策来实现宏观调控,通过运用财政政策,促进区域经济的可持续协调发展。     

创业团队研究动态探讨

创业团队日益普遍的出现和存在,其创业绩效要好于个体创业的创业绩效,创业团队的组成是以情感的纽带为基础、为起始,以专长的互补为辅、为继。创业团队是有领导的。     

恩施地区基础教育现状与其对经济发展的影响

恩施市地处武陵山片区,湖北省西南部,清江中上游,居住有土家族,苗族,侗族等少数民族,属于少数民族地区,同时也是山区,经济条件受地理位置的限制,属全国经济落后地区。经济条件落后,基础教育资金投入有限,是导致基础教育在全省拖后腿的主要原因之一,基础教育水平处于落后阶段,亟待促进和加强。基础教育的正确实施,是经济健康发展的基础,影响着经济健康发展的速度、效益以及其持续性和稳定性。恩施地区的基础教育有待提高,经济更有待持续性的快速发展。     

Three levels of culture and firms’ entrepreneurial orientation: A research agenda

Numerous studies examining the linkage between corporate entrepreneurship and performance resort to the entrepreneurial orientation construct to assess a firm's degree of entrepreneurship. Little conceptual and empirical research has been devoted to understanding the factors and conditions that produce Entrepreneurial Orientation. Generic explanatory variables such as environment, organization, strategy and culture have been mentioned in past research, but though a number of hypotheses have been proposed, few have been thoroughly developed and tested. In this article, we focus on one explanatory variable – culture – that we develop along multiple axes. We propose a conceptual framework that aims to provide a better understanding of how three interdependent levels of culture – national, industry and corporate – influence Entrepreneurial Orientation.     

Roles of chairs in entrepreneurship: What deans expect

Major donations, especially for endowed chairs, put Colleges of Business and Universities in the spotlight and create a great deal of excitement, highlighting the important role that educational institutions play in benefiting the students, the community, and society in general. This kind of excitement needs to be sustained over time, signifying the link that the endowed Chair or Professorship in Entrepreneurship creates between the past, the present, and the future. Consequently, there is a need for a long-term personal connection and close relationship between the donor, the faculty holding the endowed chair, and the institution represented by the Dean that should be preserved over time. This study reports findings of a survey of the perceptions of AACSB Deans on what an Endowed Chair in Entrepreneurship is, and what it could, and should mean for their institution.     

高职院校财经类专业学生创业能力现状分析及对策探讨——以武汉城市职业学院为例

随着我国高职教育的不断发展完善,其人才培养目标也发生了一定的转变,由培养专业化职业人才转为培养具有创新能力的应用性人才。本文以高职院校财经类专业学生为例,运用调查法,综合研究与分析了高职学生的创新能力现状,并提出了合理化对策。     

Endowed chairs in entrepreneurship: deans’ preferences versus chair holders’ expericences

Business school deans’ feelings about the importance of various teaching research and service activities in the roles played by holders of endowed chairs in Entrepreneurship were contrasted with the views of chair holders themselves, based on their experiences. Differences were highlighted and discussed. Results suggest that the chair holder role is negotiated between multiple constituencies, with deans’ influence being strong but limited. Implications for individuals aspiring to hold chairs are discussed.