垄断与行业工资差距问题研究——基于中国行业工资决定因素的微观计量分析

从行业工资决定因素分析的视角,在考虑到样本自选择偏差校正的情况下构造了Treat-ment-effects模型作为行业工资决定因素的微观计量模型,并利用CHARLS数据分析检验了垄断对中国行业工资差距的影响.实证结果表明,行业的垄断性对于行业工资决定进而行业间工资差距的影响较大且显著;即使是校正了自选择偏差之后,垄断行业的平均工资水平依然高于非垄断行业的平均工资水平大约39%.     

我国行业间收入差距的探究

近年来,随着我国经济的不断发展,人们的生活水平得到了很大程度的提升。但同时,我国居民的收入差距也在随之增大,这对我国经济的发展、人们的择业观及社会的稳定都会带来不良的影响。收入差距主要是指城乡间、区域间以及行业间的收入差距。本文拟通过对我国行业收入差距的探究,了解当前我国行业间的收入差距现状,同时分析和借鉴了国内外的相关研究理论,来探讨我国行业间收入差距形成的原因及对策。为缩小一些不合理的行业间收入差距,进而缩小整个社会的收入分配差距给出一些建议,对实现我国"第三步"的战略目标,构建"公平正义"和"和谐社会"有重要意义。     

知识产权保护和FDI对中国行业工资差距影响的实证分析

本文首先对中国行业层面的工资差距的发展趋势进行了动态分析,得出的结论是中国行业层面的工资差距在2000-2007年间在总体上呈现出发散的态势。在此基础上,选取劳动生产率作为参照基准,对行业间工资差距的公平性进行了价值判断,对比劳动生产率,行业工资差别未能合理地反映行业的劳动差别,背离了按劳分配原则。为了减缓和扭转行业工资差距不合理的状况,本文选取了九大行业作为分析对象,对中国行业间工资差距的引致因素进行了实证分析。证实了知识产权保护通过直接效应和间接效应的作用,促进了行业间工资差距的收敛。FDI通过产出效应、技术溢出效应和示范效应的作用,扩大了行业间的工资差距。基于实证分析的结论,增强知识产权保护力度,设立统一的FDI准入门槛以便提高引资质量,有助于缩小我国行业间的工资差距。     

我国农民工工资低的原因分析及政策措施

中国崛起为世界制造业基地,68%的员工是农民工;城镇建设快速发展,建筑业员工的80%是农民工;城镇商业、服务业员工的半数是农民工;非公有经济、外资企业员工的主体是农民工(崔传义,2007)。     

我国行业间收入差距分析——基于基尼系数分解的视角

本文利用2004年至2010年《中国劳动统计年鉴》的相关数据,基于分解基尼系数的视角对我国行业间收入差距进行了分析。研究表明,近年来我国行业间及产业间的收入差距有着不断扩大的趋势;收入的非均衡性增长是导致我国行业间收入差距扩大的主要因素,而人口的流动则能在一定程度上缩小我国行业间的收入差距。同时,研究还表明垄断依然对我国行业间收入差距有着不小的影响。根据上述研究,我们提出了相关的政策建议。     

论加强我国国有垄断企业工资外收入的管理

我国国有垄断企业工资外收入增长过快,原因是多方面的,造成了不良后果.必须全方位加强对我国国有垄断企业工资外收入的管理.     

中国工资上涨让墨西哥受益

中国工资水平上涨以及经济增长减速为墨西哥带来了机遇,可以重新争取到过去10年追逐太平洋彼岸廉价劳动力的部分企业。彼时中国平均工资水平只有墨西哥的四分之一。     

Interstate banking and the payments system

Interstate banking will improve the efficiency of the payments system. This will occur because the number of handlings for multiple-bank payments (transit items) will fall and because some multiple-bank payments will be transformed into single-bank payments (on-us items). These effects are simulated using data on the current cross-section relationship between banking structure and check clearing patterns in a multinomial logit model. The Federal Reserve, which currently processes almost one-third of all checks, is predicted to lose 43 to 60 percent of its market share. The annual impact is expected to be gradual, however, since interstate banking will be phased in and because of offsetting growth in the total check clearing market.     

外汇收支交易编码标准及国际收支申报业务相关标准

该项专题的攻关任务是研究涉外收支交易分类与代码的具体格式以及数据要素的内容，设计科学、合理的涉外收支交易分类与代码国家标准，并制定国际收支电子申报业务数据规范。     

资本流动对中国国际收支的影响

本文从分析中国国际收支失衡局面的形成原因入手,主要探讨了资本流动在国际收支失衡中的决定性作用,指出这种资本流动形式具有较大的潜在不稳定性,在目前人民币汇率弹性还不够充分时,资本项目尤其是对于资本流出的管制不宜过快放开。     

Sterilization and the monetary approach to balance of payments analysis

The authorities can sterilize the balance of payments in both the short and long run if domestic capital markets are not fully integrated with those of the rest of the world. The degree of sterilization which the authorities employ is an important determinant of the economy's response to any outside changes.     

银行卡支付清算市场与国家金融安全

近一段时间,媒体热议所谓VISA与银联对战,再次引发了人们对于银行卡支付清算组织业务的关注.毋庸置疑,VISA限制双币卡持卡人交易通道(境外)选择的方式损害了广大持卡人的权益,即使这一限制是出于其自身技术规则和利益考量.     

Environmental regulation and the location of polluting industries

Does international tax competition in the environmental field lead to undesirably low levels of environmental regulation and to unacceptable disruptions of environmental quality? The paper tries to answer this question in a noncompetitive partial-equilibrium framework. There is one firm that wishes to establish a plant in one ofn countries. The paper shows that tax competition may lead to emission taxes that are either too low or too high. They may be so high that the investment is not undertaken, although this would be optimal if the countries cooperated. On the other end of the spectrum, a scenario in which taxes are driven to zero becomes possible if there are substantial transfrontier pollution effects.     

A partial adjustment theory of the balance of payments

This paper develops a partial adjustment theory of the balance of payments by incorporating the inter-temporal optimizing behavior of the two agents of the society: the public and the central bank. The central bank is viewed as the government's regulator of domestic credit and its objectives are taken as distinct from and possibly at odds with the public's objectives due to imperfect competition in the political marketplace. The final equation derived here implies that the balance of payments reflects both the active behavior of the central bank concerning foreign reserves and the contribution of the public's flow demand for money.     

Dividend reductions,the timing of dividend payments and information content

Australian companies pay dividends semi-annually with smaller “interim” payments and larger “final” payments. Interim dividends are declared and paid within a less full information environment than final dividends. We analyze the interactions between the timing of dividends and their information content, controlling for share repurchase and tax effects. Dividend reductions that are not associated with share repurchases are statistically significantly related to future abnormal earnings and provide strong support for the information content of dividend reductions. The percentage of dividend reduction is stronger for interim than for final dividend reductions. The market reaction is negatively related to the reduction in imputation tax credit and reacts more aggressively and negatively to interim as compared to final dividend reductions.