公司财务信息失真促成了独立董事制度变化吗？

董事会的独立性对信息披露质量有着重要而直接的影响，独立董事（以下简称为独董）比例在很大程度上反映了公司董事会的独立性特征。关于独董的实际运作效果一直缺乏统一认识。本文选择了2003年至2005年92家发生财务信息失真的上市公司作为样本组，并考虑行业、资产等因素选择了配对样本公司作为控制组，分析财务信息失真前后样本组与控制组中独董比例小于1／3的公司所占比重的变化差异和独董比例的变化幅度，发现失真事件发生会促使相关公司提高独董比例；在政策强制影响作用下，样本组和控制组公司的独董比例都会显著提高，但样本组公司独立董事比例提高的幅度明显高于控制组公司。这一研究成果也为“独立董事比例提高将有助于防范财务信息失真”这一论点提供了支持证据。     

上市公司独立董事,独立吗?懂事否?

独立董事机制是上市公司治理中的重要组成部分,上市公司独立董事履职在独立性、专业性、有效性等方面都暴露出诸多问题亟待解决。本文通过介绍独立董事的概况、存在的问题及原因,结合美国独立董事制度的特点,提出了完善我国上市公司独立董事机制的思考。     

独立董事托管制可让独立董事“独立”

我国的独立董事制度建立不久,还存在诸多问题。独立董事区别于其他董事最根本的特征是“独立”,其独立与否、独立性高低对独立董事制度能否发挥作用至关重要。目前我国上市公司在独立董事的管理、提名聘任、薪酬发放等诸多方面都存在不独立的情况,     

浅析如何保证独立董事的"独立性"

众所周知,中国的企业股权结构股权比较集中,表现为国有控制或家族控制.这种独特的背景决定了上市公司治理结构的特点,监事会与董事会、经理层系出同门.使公司治理结构中缺乏有效的监督制衡机制,监事会实际上是橡皮图章,考虑到与国际接轨,我们又把目光投向市场经济国家中运作比较成功的独立董事制度.     

论独立董事如何独立

独立董事是否独立是独立董事制度能否良好运行的关键.我国在引入独立董事制度时由于没有考虑外来制度和本土环境的兼容性,使得独立董事权利不清、职责不明,导致了"独立董事既不独立也不董事"的局面.笔者在简要论述独立董事引入背景,实施效果,分析其难以独立的原因的基础上,提出我国独立董事制度独立性的完善措施,以期独立董事能真正担当起改善上市公司治理水平的重任.     

独立董事连锁能够提高会计信息可比性吗?

本文从董事网络视角,考察了独立董事连锁对会计信息可比性的影响及其作用机制。通过实证研究,发现:(1)独立董事连锁的两家公司,其会计信息可比性更高;(2)兼任公司数较多、审计委员会任职以及有会计师事务所工作背景的独立董事连锁会进一步加强连锁公司间的会计信息可比性;(3)连锁独立董事能够使连锁公司间资产减值计提等会计政策更加趋同,是会计信息可比性提高的作用机制。以上结论在考虑独立董事连锁的内生性以及剔除具有关联关系的公司后依然成立。本文不仅丰富了独立董事连锁的经济后果研究,而且从微观层面上补充和拓展了会计信息可比性的影响因素研究。     

独立董事如何独立行事

独立董事难独立 从我国一些上市公司实际运作效果看,虽然独立董事对公司的发展和规范运作起到了一定作用,但与市场的要求相比,仍有很大差距.     

上市公司:独立董事和监事会能相融吗?

我国上市公司设立独立董事虽有必要，但与“公司法”和监事会制度都存在冲突，为了充分发挥独立董事和监事会在公司治理结构中的特殊作用，必须建立适合中国市场经济特征的独立董事和监事会之间的、新型的、互相协作的、配合与制约关系。     

独立董事薪酬激励抑制了企业违规行为吗?

薪酬作为激励独立董事发挥监督职能的重要机制,其能否有效抑制企业违规行为值得关注。笔者以2007—2018年间中国资本市场A股上市公司为研究样本,实证考察独立董事薪酬激励对企业违规行为的影响及其情境特征。研究发现:独立董事薪酬激励显著抑制了企业违规行为,表现为独立董事薪酬越高,企业违规行为发生的可能性和严重程度越低;与非国有企业相比,国有企业中独立董事薪酬激励对企业违规行为的抑制作用更强;内部控制质量强化了独立董事薪酬激励对企业违规行为的抑制作用;进一步的经济后果检验揭示,独立董事薪酬激励对企业经营绩效具有显著的提升作用。本研究从薪酬激励视角考察独立董事的监督职能发挥状况,实证检验了独立董事薪酬激励与企业违规行为抑制之间的关系,研究结论丰富了有关独立董事薪酬激励方面的现有文献,有助于厘清薪酬激励提升独立董事履职效率的作用机理,同时也为如何有效抑制企业违规行为提供了理论依据。     

Shaping sustainability: Is there an unreleased potential in utopian thought?

This article develops from the argument that sustainable development primarily will be restricted to rhetorical discourse if the utopian dimension of politics and planning is neglected. I will firstly discuss what is typical for utopian thought in general as well as its potential role in politics and planning. Secondly, I will briefly explore of the contemporary politics of sustainable development with the focus on its utopian dimensions, and thirdly, I will also comment on the different kinds and forms of utopian thought that should be relevant for sustainability projects on different levels. My conclusions are that the utopian language is flourishing in many of the discourses on sustainable development, especially in comparison to other fields of politics, but that the role of utopian thought in this area needs to be reflected on and more thoroughly recognized in the practical endeavors taken in this area.     

以研究为主导的价值投资时代的来临

2001年下半年以来，深沪两市大盘持续下跌，而正是在这一轮深幅调整之后，中国证券市场迎来以研究为主导、价值投资、政策博弈的时代。因为当大部分机构都被迫放弃了做庄行为之后，原来股价和指数上涨的动力就不复存在，新的动力必然要靠真正的价值回归来引导，而价值回归则又是以研究为主导的。     

Is there an association between director option compensation and the likelihood of misstatement?

Oversight bodies in the United States (US) have addressed the issue of director independence in recent years. Bebchuk et al. [Bebchuk, L., Grinstein, Y., Peyers, U. (2006). Lucky directors. (Working paper Harvard University Law School) SSRN # 952239.] found that director oversight may be impaired if directors receive option grants under favorable terms because these grants may create a mutuality of interest between directors and managers. We assess whether option grants to independent directors reduce oversight of financial reporting. Using a sample of 105 US firms that misstated their revenue matched with a sample of non-misstatement firms, we find that companies whose independent directors do not receive stock options are less likely to misstate revenues than companies who meet the Sarbanes-Oxley definition of independence. Our results show that compensating outside directors with stock options may weaken their independent oversight.     

XBRL,让公司涉税部门告别孤岛

可扩展商业报告语言(Extensible business reporting language,XBRL)是一项全球信息标准,它旨在使计算机能够轻松、准确、快捷地读取经济和财务信息。如今,它已影响着世界各地成千上万的公司涉     

Exploring the Optimal Design of an Employer-Sponsored Sickness-Disability Compensation Insurance Plan When Sickness Presenteeism Is Penalized

We explore the impact of presenteeism, absenteeism, and shirking on the optimal design of an employer-sponsored sickness-disability compensation insurance plan when the employer penalizes sickness presenteeism. We assume an employee's health follows a simple multistate model with a “severely ill” sickness state. To combat absenteeism, the employer randomly verifies an employee's claim of sickness. However, to combat presenteeism, we also introduce the new concept of a presenteeism penalty whereby employees who are found to be at work in the “severely ill” sickness state are sent home and receive a penalized sick pay that is lower than the normal sick pay. Thus sick employees must decide whether to stay at home and receive a sick pay or go to work sick and run the risk of being sent home and penalized. We further assume (1) employees are risk-averse utility maximizers, (2) each employee has a strategy for staying home or working while sick that maximizes his or her lifetime expected discounted utility, and (3) an employee's strategy is unknown to the employer. The primary plan design factors that affect an employee's lifetime expected discounted utility and the employer's discounted expected accounting profits over an employee's working lifetime are the sick pay, the presenteeism penalty, and two health check probabilities. Volterra integral equations are used to derive expressions for an employee's lifetime expected discounted utility and the employer's expected discounted accounting profits over an employee's lifetime under various employee strategies. Laplace transforms are used to derive asymptotic expressions for the solutions to these integral equations. These asymptotic solutions are used to explore the impact of these factors on the optimal sickness compensation insurance plan design.