提高我国银行业监管水平的思考

A当前中央银行监管亟须解决的三个问题 随着外资银行逐步进入我国金融市场,银行业的竞争将日趋激烈,由此将会引发一轮金融创新的浪潮,中央银行监管的基础环境也将发生较大变化,对中央银行监管提出新的挑战.面对挑战,当前亟须解决以下三个问题.     

论电子货币的发展对中央银行的挑战

电子货币具有流通便捷、可分割、包含价值、发行主体多元化的特征。由于货币发展对中央银行货币发行权、独立性、货币政策传导有效性以及监管模式等提出了挑战。为此，中央银行应适时监管重点，尽快建立监管机制，及时转变调控方式，加强风险防范。     

以竞赛促监管充分发挥金融工会的作用

中国人民银行行长戴相龙指出：中国人民银行作为中央银行，今年将继续执行稳健的贷币政策，改进金融服务，进一步加大对经济发展的支持力度，同时把加强对银行业的监管作为工作的重中之重，切实防范和化解金融风险，促进国民经济持续快速健康发展。同时中国加入WTO，外资银行的涌入，金融市场的逐步放开，这些都对中央银行的监管能力提出了新的挑战，     

浅议互联网金融给中央银行带来的挑战

当前互联网金融快速扩张,给中央银行货币政策调控、宏观审慎监管、金融消费者权益保护、反洗钱监管和征信系统数据建设等诸多方面带来了挑战。本文结合互联网金融的概念、特点和发展现状,分析了互联网金融发展给中央银行带来的五大挑战,提出了中央银行应对互联网金融挑战的六点策略。     

电子货币的发展对金融的影响透析

网络金融已成为本世纪金融业发展的主流，电子货币的发展，使传统的货币理论和货币供求关系出现了新的变化．给中央银行货币发行权、独立性、货币政策有效性厦传统监管机制都将提出挑战。使中央银行的金融调控与监管面临许多新的风险。     

我国中央银行监管改革的几个问题

入世和金融市场的全面开放对我国商业银行的生存和发展以及中央银行的监管带来严峻的挑战.为实现我国银行业的持续、稳健发展,必须提高中央银行的监管效率,对中央银行的监管组织、理念、制度和政策等做出相应的改革和调整.     

我国中央银行监管改革的几个问题

入世和金融市场的全面开放对我国商业银行的生存和发展以及中央银行的监管带来严峻的挑战。为实现我国银行业的持续、稳健发展,必须提高中央银行的监管效率,对中央银行的监管组织、理念、制度和政策等做出相应的改革和调整。     

提高基层行金融监管有效性的思考

中国加入WTO，大量外资银行机构的涌入，将给基层中央银行监管带来巨大的挑战，而目前基层央行由于受多种因素的制约，并未做好这方面的准备。本通过对基层央行监管现状的分析，从深化央行监管体制改革，更新监管理念，调整监管方式，完善监管法律等多个方面，对如何开展金融监管创新，提高基层央行的监管有效性提出了相应的对策建议。     

提高基层央行金融监管有效性的思考

中国加入 ＷＴＯ，大量外资银行机构的涌入，将给基层中央银行监管带来巨大 的挑战，而目前基层央行由于受多种因素的制约，并未做好这方面的准备。本文通过对基层央行监管现状的分析，从深化央行监管体制改革、更新监管理念、调整监管方式、完善监管法律等多个方面，对如何开展金融监管创新、提高基层央行的监管有效性提出了相 应的对策建议。     

宏观审慎监管组织体制的构建路径研究

确定宏观审慎监管机构并建立相应的组织体制,是实施宏观审慎监管的基础。但宏观审慎监管组织体制构建面临着多重挑战:宏观审慎监管当局如何处理与其他经济决策、监管部门的相互关系;如何保证对外沟通、运作透明又能保护敏感信息、稳定市场;是坚持基于规则做出监管决策还是使用斟酌裁量的方法。本文总结分析了世界主要国家宏观审慎监管组织体制构建的三条路径:中央银行承担宏观审慎监管职责,由中央银行行长负责宏观审慎监管决策;在中央银行的框架下,设立专门的委员会,将宏观审慎监管职责赋予委员会;在中央银行之外设立负责宏观审慎监管委员会(或理事会),中央银行和金融监管部门作为该委员会的成员,参与宏观审慎监管政策的制定。本文在此基础上结合中国国情,分析了中国宏观审慎监管组织体制的构建路径,并提出了相关建议。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

金融企业员工考核系统的设计

一、概述 为配合公司人事考核制度的贯彻执行,保证该制度执行过程中各项工作能够长期、高效、准确地完成,我们开发了公司员工考核系统,实现了人事考核工作中员工投票、考核统计、考核信息分析、报表生成等功能,减少了人事部门人员的手工操作,提高了考核工作的自动化程度.