浅析经济全球化和会计国际化问题

近年来,经济全球化的浪潮席卷全球,对世界各国的经济联系、各国国内经济规则和国际经济协调机制产生重要影响。随着经济全球化进程不断加快和我国市场经济的飞速发展,会计国际化的趋势已成为必然。本文旨在对新形势下,经济全球化和会计国际化的相关问题进行探讨,并对如何应对会计国际化提出对策。     

浅谈经济全球化对我国会计发展的影响

目前经济全球化已成为当今世界经济发展的必然趋势,而会计作为国际通用的商业语言,在经济全球化过程中则扮演着越来越重要的角色。经济全球化的客观环境决定了必须推进会计的国际化,这就对我国会计的发展目标、会计相关法规、会计服务领域以及会计人员等方面产生了巨大的影响。     

论经济全球化对我国会计的影响

我国为应对会计国际化的趋势,应从会计准则、会计体系、会计人员业务素质、会计核算等几方面入手,建立一套既借鉴国际惯例又符合我国国情的、有助于我国社会主义市场经济有序运作的国际会计准则型会计模式。     

经济全球化下的日元国际化

21世纪，经济全球化已成为一股不可阻挡的潮流，发达国家在经济全球化的浪潮中虽处于有利地位，但并不是所有的发达国家都能享受到同等的利益，从自身所处的国际经济地位出发，日本深感到要在经济全球化中获得更多的利益，必须积极融入世界，加强同各国的双边经济合作，其主要举措之一就是要积极推进日元的国际化，例证之一是，进入90年代以后，日本政府就多次主动提议建立亚洲货币基金。     

经济全球化

经济全球化是指在不断发展的科技革命和生产国际化的推动下，牛产的社会化、国际化水平不断提高，各国经济相互依赖、相互渗透日益加深，所有国家、地区和国家集团的所有经济部门和经济环节都成为一个有机整体中的不可分割、不可或缺的组成部分。经济全球化是国家、民族经济关系对传统的自身疆界的跨越和突破，是生产力发展的必然趋势，     

论经济全球化背景下的反托拉斯政策国际协调

经济全球化给国际反托拉斯政策协调提出了挑战。目前,反托拉斯问题上各种形式的双边及多边合作迄今为止并没有为国际反托拉斯政策协调提供出一个满意的解决方案。特别是由于反托拉斯政策的不同影响而导致的利益分歧问题至今还没能很好地解决。     

经济全球化与人才国际化

对于发展中国家而言,如何正确处理经济全球化、人才国际化的关系和二者带来的机遇与挑战已成为国家发展的关键。本文从分析二者关系入手,阐述政府与企业在经济全球化条件下的人才资源战略问题。     

经济全球化与会计准则国际趋同

一、经济全球化英国《金融时报》刊登首席经济评论员马丁·沃尔夫的文章(参考消息,2011年1月7日)。文章认为,当代经济的特点是中印等新兴经济体与西方经济体的"收入趋同,增长趋异",即中印等新兴经济体的经济增长速度远远快于西方经济体,形成"增长趋异",从而使新兴经济体与西方经济体的"收入趋同"。西方国家现在的地位将难以维系,它是大趋异的产物,并将以大趋同宣告结束。当年被边缘化的中印等新兴经济     

论会计准则的国际协调

由于经济发展所处的环境不同，各国制定的会计准则存在很大差异，这种差异赞成的障碍给世界经济带来的困扰日益增加。国际经济愈发展，会计准则的国际协调就愈迫切。本文分析了形成这种迫切性的原因以及促进国际协调所遇到的阻力，阐述了我国参与国际会计协调的思路。     

全球经济一体化与税收国际化趋势的探究

本文以税收与经济的关系为基础,从世界经济发展趋势的角度来探求全球税收制度的发展趋势,分别论述了经济全球化、经济信息化以及经济可持续发展等因素对于世界税收制度发展趋势的影响,并对国际税收组织建立的必要性进行了探讨.     

Goodwill Accounting in Selected Countries and the Harmonization of International Accounting Standards

Economic and financial markets interpenetrate and national economies are increasingly interdependent. This results in a growing need for comparability of accounting procedures internationally. Accounting for goodwill illustrates this phenomenon. By specifying the recommended asset treatment for purchased, positive goodwill, and the five-year amortization period, IASC has taken a significant step towards harmonization of goodwill accounting. As noted in the article, however, the implications for consolidated income may be quite drastic. This is especially so with respect to the implications of the revised IAS 22 (following IAS ED 32) for potential leveraged corporate buy-outs.     

A Statistical Model of International Accounting Harmonization

This article shows how the difference between the observed frequencies of accounting policy choice and the outcome of a random policy choice, where each available method has an equal chance of being selected, may be fully explained with a statistical model. The process of harmonization is described in a way that identifies departures from equiprobable accounting policy choice as either: (a) the systematic effects of harmonization, or (b) the effects of systematic divergence from international harmony where the frequency of adoption of differing accounting methods varies across countries, or (c) the effects of company-specific accounting policy choices. The understanding of harmony that underlies previous attempts to measure harmonization is such that, with respect to a particular financial statement item, a situation of maximum harmony is reached when all companies in all countries use the same accounting method. From the standpoint of modelling the harmonization process. however, a different concept of harmony may be more useful. In this article, therefore, we posit a state of distributional harnzony in which, other things being equal, the expected distribution of accounting policy choices is the same in each country. In this theoretical state. the odds of selecting a given accounting method from those available for a particular financial statement item are identical for each country. A major advantage of this benchmark is that it provides a basis for distinguishing between two possibly conflicting components of the international harmonization process: between-country harmonization and within-country standardization. A hierarchy of nested statistical models is then used to describe accounting policy choices made by companies with an international shareholding and registered in Europe, where the European Union has been involved in a program of accounting harmonization. The accounting policies analysed in depth in this article comprise the treatment of goodwill and accounting for deferred taxation. The results are compared with the comparability index method used previously in harmonization research studies.     

中国会计准则国际协调效果的实证研究

自改革开放以来,我国进行了一系列旨在加强会计准则国际协调的改革,会计信息编报者和使用评价者都十分关心会计准则国际协调的效果。本文在借鉴国内外相关研究的基础上,采用实证研究方法从纵向上比较和分析AB股公司的净利润差异与会计信息价值相关性的变化,以期对我国会计准则国际协调的总体效果做出经验性评价。     

Religion: A Confounding Cultural Element in the International Harmonization of Accounting?

Discussion of the influence of culture on the international development and harmonization of accounting has focused primarily upon indigenous characteristics which are confined within national boundaries. But cultural inputs, such as religion, which transcend national boundaries, should not be overlooked. Islam is a particular case in point. Its principles commit Muslims to a definitive code of ethical commercial and personal behaviour affecting both the structuring and financing of business affairs between the faithful, and between Muslims and non-Muslims. Islam has the potential for influencing the structure, underlying concepts and the mechanisms of accounting in the Islamic world. Its potential for influencing accounting policy is illustrative of religion as a confounding element in the analysis of national idiosyncrasies in accounting practice and in deconstructing the impediments to international harmonization.     

经济全球化条件下我国市场结构问题的理论思考和对策建议

经济全球化对我国市场结构的影响集中体现为跨国公司的进入和WTO规则的执行对我国行业中企业之间垄断竞争关系的影响.本文就此对开放条件下我国市场结构有效竞争模式进行理论思考,重点探讨了维护国家经济安全与促进国内市场开放、反对垄断与发展规模经济、促进竞争与防止竞争过度等方面问题,并在此基础上提出优化我国市场结构的政策建议.     

公司治理结构中会计目标的法律经济学解释——兼论我国会计法律制度的完善

公司治理涉及各种利益相关者责权利的划分和制衡。会计是连接权利和利益的纽带,会计信息质量在公司治理结构中扮演着重要的角色。公司治理中对各种利益相关者的约束与制衡机制需要以会计信息作保障。会计目标与公司治理目标具有内在的关联性,在我国公司目前所处的经济环境下,公司目标是影响公司治理结构的重要因素.会计法律制度的完善对我国公司治理具有重要的意义。     

经济全球化对我国家电行业市场结构的影响及对策

随着经济全球化的进一步发展,越来越多的跨国公司进入我国家电行业,这对我国家电业市场结构产生重大的影响。本文拟从三个方面对此讨论:(1)我国家电业的特点及市场结构状况;(2)跨国公司对我国家电业市场结构的影响;(3)优化我国家电业市场结构的对策。     

Measuring International Harmonization and Standardization

This paper analyses six recent studies dealing with the measurement of international harmonization of financial reporting. Methodological issues and problems relating to the definition and operationalization of terms, sources of data, statistical methods and causation are discussed, and an alternative methodology for measuring harmonization suggested.