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1.
We develop a simple model in which a firm considers a number of investment projects. Because of limited financial resources, the firm can undertake at most one project. In line with the literature on real options we stress features like irreversibility, uncertainty and the possibility of postponing the investment decision and show under which conditions limited availability of funds tends to increase the value of waiting.  相似文献   

2.
作为国际环境法的基本原则之一,风险防范原则在很多国际条约和协定中都有规定.风险防范原则从20世纪60年代发展至今已渐渐走入成熟.在当今环境问题日益凸显的今天,很多风险发生的原因我们在现有科学技术水平的条件下是无法准确得知的.面对这一情形,风险防范原则是我们应对这一问题的法宝.文章旨在阐述该原则的产生、分类、在国际条约中的运用以及分析欧盟国家对该原则的规定,进而提出我国应该确立风险防范原则的必要性分析.  相似文献   

3.
This study investigates how mispricing and financing constraints affect ?rms’ future capital investments. We find that when the financing constraints are high, overpriced (underpriced) firms invest more (less) subsequently under previous non-optimal investments. The overpriced (underpriced) firms with precautionary motives invest significantly less subsequently when they are financially constrained. The overall evidence suggests that share mispricing, financial constraints and precautionary motives play a critical role that enables investors to less effectively monitor managers’ real decisions, thus limiting firms’ capital investments.  相似文献   

4.
城乡居民消费行为比较研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
笔者以预防性储蓄理论为突破口,将城乡居民消费行为放在同一个理论框架中进行对比研究。结果发现,与城镇居民相比,农村居民的消费更为谨慎,对利率的变动相对不敏感,受不确定性因素影响较大;但消费惯性和制度变迁因素对城镇居民和农村居民消费的影响都不显著。  相似文献   

5.
人力资本投资在企业发展中具有举足轻重的作用,而人力资本的特性使得人力资本投资具有巨大的潜在风险,因而研究企业如何规避人力资本投资风险意义重大。企业应从人力资本投资的特性入手,对人力资本投资进行风险分析,并据此提出相应的防范对策。  相似文献   

6.
文章采用理论分析和实证研究相结合的方法,在经济学效用函数理论框架内考察健康不确定,巨对中国农村非农劳动力供给行为的影响.理论分析表明,在健康存在不确定性的情况下,农村非农劳动力供给存在预防性劳动力供给现象,拥有医疗保险可以显著降低预防性劳动力供给.采用CHNS数据的实证研究结果支持预防性劳动力供给的理论推断.  相似文献   

7.
从东道国与外商投资者的博弈行为出发,构建了一个用于分析外资优惠政策调整的动态博弈模型,据此模型得到三个命题:东道国引资过程满足边际收益等于边际成本条件,优惠政策的边界条件取决于收益系数、成本系数以及最佳外资规模的大小;优惠政策与投资环境具有反向的替代关系,与外资的最佳规模呈正比关系;低质量的投资对环境的敏感系数要小于高质量投资,低质量的投资对优惠政策的敏感系数要大于高质量投资。并用这三个命题对中国外资政策调整的历程做了解释。  相似文献   

8.
外来生物入侵预警机制的构建   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
外来生物入侵给世界各国的生态环境、社会经济等诸方面都带来了极大危害,成为引入关注的全球性问题。如何应对和解决该问题是一个值得思考的课题。本文循着预防优于治理的思路,分析了构建外来生物入侵预警机制的必要性,提出了构建外来生物入侵预警机制的原则,并在此基础上架构了该预警机制体系的内容。  相似文献   

9.
A major and persistent question behind economic theories and related policies is whether the market can self-regulate without any restrictive exogenous intervention or whether regular and binding public regulation is necessary for ensuring the reproduction of the economic system in a sustainable way over time. This article considers this question with regard to the working of financial markets in a liberalized environment. Drawing upon an institutionalist stance, the article shows why the operation of a financialized capitalist economy usually leads to systemic imbalances and crises. The article then suggests an alternative framework for a consistent financial regulation that could prevent market actors from developing short-sighted strategies and gambling on macro stability.  相似文献   

10.
刘琳娜 《经济经纬》2003,(2):32-33,58
投资超常增长是促使经济快速发展的重要因素,河南投资环境基础比较好,应该扬长避短进一步优化,其具体途径可以从投资的国际经济环境、投资的国内经济环境、投资的区域经济环境入手。  相似文献   

11.
周杰文 《经济地理》2005,25(5):616-619
各地优化其投资环境以吸引投资需要成本,引资成本与其所获得的引资效果之间存有一般关系.而这种一般关系曲线在现实中要考虑各地投资环境的先天条件和具体引资操作等因素而对其起点和过程进行修正.对引资所用方式和手段的无差异曲线的分析可为更经济地优化投资环境提供参考.投资环境优化首先需要确定优化目标,它是地区的目标引资项目的公共影响因素和专业影响因素所包含的各方面.投资环境优化措施就针对优化目标来提出,并要综合考虑这些措施所需成本与其所获综合引资效果来实施.  相似文献   

12.
周杰文 《经济地理》2005,25(5):616-619,628
各地优化其投资环境以吸引投资需要成本,引资成本与其所获得的引资效果之间存有一般关系。而这种一般关系曲线在现实中要考虑各地投资环境的先天条件和具体引资操作等因素而对其起点和过程进行修正。对引资所用方式和手段的无差异曲线的分析可为更经济地优化投资环境提供参考。投资环境优化首先需要确定优化目标,它是地区的目标引资项目的公共影响因素和专业影响因素所包含的各方面。投资环境优化措施就针对优化目标来提出,并要综合考虑这些措施所需成本与其所获综合引资效果来实施。  相似文献   

13.
    
This work analyses the empirical evidence about precautionary saving in OECD countries in the period 1955–2000. Unlike the previous literature, we perform the test using a measure of uncertainty allowing for heterogeneity in stochastic processes which generate data for each country and selecting for each economy the autoregressive moving average process which best describes the series. The results obtained support the main conclusion of precautionary saving theory, showing that a greater degree of uncertainty increases saving. A less clear conclusion is obtained with reference to the effect of uncertainty on consumption growth, which does not seem to be strongly supported by the data.  相似文献   

14.
This article investigates theissue of optimal effluent fees in a frameworkwhere waste emissions are abated by investingin capital of which the pay-off is uncertainand the cost is fully sunk. The stock of wasteemissions harms an individual firm'sproduction, but the firm will underestimatethis external effect upon investing. Consequently, the firm will invest lesscapital, and thereby, pollute more than issocially desirable. The regulator, who can useeffluent fees to correct this, should imposelower effluent fees on irreversible investmentsthan on costlessly reversible ones whenuncertainty arises.  相似文献   

15.
不完全市场、不确定性和中国利息税   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过建立具有利息税的不完全市场一般均衡模型对中国均衡利率和均衡资本进行分析,我们可以看到,利息税使得储蓄更低而利率更高。但是,流动性约束和预防性储蓄等不完全市场因素的存在使得资本供给曲线显著向右移动,导致储蓄增高。因此,当我们评价利息税对经济的影响的时候,必须考虑流动性约束和预防性储蓄的逆向作用。  相似文献   

16.
本文采用上海和深圳证券交易所2008-2019年全部A股上市公司为实证样本,探索机构投资者持股与投资效率之间的关系。结论表明,机构投资者能够同时发挥监督治理效应与纾困治理效应,通过抑制企业过度投资,缓解企业投资不足,进而改善企业投资效率。在控制潜在内生性影响以及一系列稳健性之后结论依然成立。探讨影响路径发现,机构投资者主要通过降低代理成本来抑制企业过度投资。同样,机构投资者主要通过缓解内源融资缓解企业投资不足。进一步考虑外部信息环境的作用,发现良好的信息环境更有利于机构投资者缓解企业内部融资,降低代理成本,最终优化企业投资水平。异质性分析表明,机构投资者在非国有企业中对企业投资效率的影响更加显著。本文在一定程度上拓展了机构投资者治理效力的研究,为更好的探寻机构投资者参与上市公司治理的路径与机理提供了参考。  相似文献   

17.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
In a federation with n≥ 2 regions the relative optimality of five regimes – autarky, centralization, unregulated devolution, regulated devolution and direct democracy – is examined. Public policy consists of redistribution and regional public good provision. Regional incomes are uncertain and correlated. Estimates of the usefulness of regional public goods are uncertain and the federal government's estimates are noisier relative to those of regional governments. The optimality of each regime is influenced by four margins – regional insurance, coarseness of federal information, internalization of spillovers and raiding the commons. Regulated devolution is the only regime that is capable of producing the constrained first best level of public goods. Federal insurance under direct democracy can be inadequate relative to that under a utilitarian federal government. An increase in the number of regions allows better risk pooling but also greater opportunities for raiding the commons.  相似文献   

18.
本文首先回顾了我国对韩直接投资的发展历程,分析了对韩投资的现状,分析了对韩投资的必要性以及韩国的投资环境。最后指出我国对韩国投资的策略和建议。  相似文献   

19.
转型时期企业投资的两维度环境分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
企业投资的实现需要两个维度的宏观环境:一个是宏观的投资机会环境;另一个是宏观融资环境.宏观投资机会环境主要通过商业周期变化影响投资,但不确定性加大商业周期的变动性,加大对投资的影响.宏观融资环境通过有效的融资体系提高融资资源的有效配置.转型时期,制度的过渡性和制度缺乏使两维的宏观环境具有特殊性,影响了投资的稳定性和资源的最优配置.两维度环境相互影响,并成为宏观经济运行的行为层次上的内因.  相似文献   

20.
    
This paper examines how uncertainty affects firms' investments for varying degrees of asset irreversibility (i.e., the wedge between purchase price and liquidation value of an asset). To identify more or less irreversible capital goods, we exploit unique survey data on German manufacturing firms over the sample period 2004 to 2012 in which managers provide information on investments' purpose (capacity expansion, replacement, restructuring, rationalization, and other). Our results indicate that only investments into the most irreversible capital goods (capacity expansion) will decrease if uncertainty rises. We also find support for other channels, such as the financial friction or the market power channel, to explain the investment‐uncertainty relationship.  相似文献   

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