关于网络运维管理工作的思考

网络是连接全行2200多个机构之间的"信息高速公路",是数据传递、信息交换和提供全面金融服务的重要信息基础设施。管理行的中心通信机房是信息传输和中转的重要"通信中枢",一、二、三广域网是农发行信息传输的主要"网络动脉"。网络具有全天候运行、不可逆作业、高风险集中特征,在目标任     

家具制造业与生产性服务业发展水平及协同关系研究

基于各评价指标数据,运用聚类分析和对应分析方法对我国29个省市家具制造业与生产性服务5个子行业发展水平进行区域划分,横向评价各行业的地区发展程度及其协同关系。研究发现:我国家具制造业与生产性服务业整体发展水平偏低,特别是租赁与商务服务业、科学研究与技术服务业、信息传输、软件与信息技术服务业表现得尤为明显;家具制造业与交通运输、仓储业以及信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业存在显著的协同发展关系。     

国土资源行业协同创新网络特征研究 ——基于2011—2019年国土资源科学技术奖的数据

基于社会网络分析方法,以2011—2019年国土资源科学技术奖信息为数据来源,构建国土资源行业协同创新网络,分析国土资源行业协同创新网络的拓扑结构和演化规律。结果表明:我国国土资源行业协同创新呈明显的上升趋势,但是从整体上看该行业各创新主体间的合作仍然不够紧密,协同创新效率不高;从演化规律看,虽然协同创新合作网络中创新主体数量不断增大,合作关系和范围变大,但是网络密度变化不大;合作网络中存在具有较大影响力的节点居于网络的中心位置,影响着整个网络的协同创新。     

协同物流的内涵及效应研究

根据协同在物流业应用层面的不同,可以分为三个层次,即企业内各要素协同、供应链各节点协同、物流与其他行业社会经济间的协同。不同层次的协同效应各异,各层次的协同又是相互影响和促进的。     

不动产统一登记数据交换与共享平台框架设计

不动产是全社会财产的物理体现,其管理与应用不仅涉及国土管理部门,更与住建、农业和林业等多部门密切相关。但部门间的数据交换,面临着不同的网络环境、不同的数据需求、不同的交换频率等问题。通过研究分析当前不动产数据提供方的数据存储方式和网络环境,以及数据需求方的系统环境、网络环境,设计了以前置交换机和前置服务为基础,支持跨网交换的准实时或实时数据交换;建立了基于ESB技术,在WCF框架下通过对传输及消息体的扩展,借助WCF的双工通信,构建功能模块封装模型服务链,实现了服务的动态配置、消息传输时自动加密和压缩,以及不动产数据的主动提取和信息推送。本研究方法在四川省不动产统一登记数据交换与共享平台中得到了实现。     

区块链技术在银行业的应用

正区块链的技术体系在银行业的应用还处于探索阶段,运用前景广阔,要以"有效探索,审慎发展"的思路开展多维度、多层级技术与业务相融合的尝试。以人工智能、量子信息、移动通信、物联网、区块链为代表的新一代信息技术加速突破应用,正在深刻影响和改变着金融业。区块链以其分布式数据存储、点对点传输、共识机制、加密算法等特点,成为技术创新热点,越来越受到广泛重视。工信部《中国区块链技术和应用白皮书》中提到"区块链有能力引发新一轮技术创新和产业变革,具     

基于迷宫寻路算法的大规模筒仓工艺流程计算的解决方案

随着筒仓规模的不断扩大和工艺设备数量的大量增加,电气自动控制系统的工艺流程数量成倍增长,使用传统的统计算法穷举所有工艺流程的做法已不可行。本文基于迷宫寻路算法的原理,通过设定各个设备节点之间的映射关系,利用递归运算进行起始节点至最终节点的路径计算,最终得出相应的所有工艺流程路径。该算法为大规模的筒仓工艺流程计算提供了相对高效的解决方案。     

协同供应链中知识管理研究

20世纪九十年代末，D．THOMAS和P．GRIFFI提出了“供应链协同”的概念，强调供应链上合作伙伴带着共同的商业目标来协同工作，集成各合作伙伴的竞争优势，以快速响应多变的市场需求。协同供应链中的节点企业将企业的全部机构融入到电子社会——协同商务平台上去，这个平台采取开放的、组件化的体系架构，强调企业信息系统的协同商务和应用集成。     

轴辐式粮食物流网络的横向协同:一个整合的概念框架

轴辐式粮食物流网络的空间形态是一个节点——路径系统,其规模经济效应的获取亟需对粮食物流网络进行横向整合。本文针对轴辐式粮食物流网络的构成及特点,提出我国轴辐式粮食物流网络横向协同的概念框架:以驱动因素为动力来源,以竞合演化为协同路径,以高效、顺畅、节约为协同目标,促进我国粮食物流通道的形成。其中,横向协同的驱动因素强调直接驱动、网络内部驱动和外部环境驱动的共同作用;协同路径强调竞争与合作的演化过程,包括网络节点的竞争化、物流载体利用的共同化、物流管理的共同化和网络资源的共同化等协同策略,且从最左端过渡到最右端形成一个连续体结构,以期为我国粮食物流网络的构建提供理论基础和政策建议。     

我国涉农信息交流结构及特征研究——基于社会网络分析方法

本文基于社会网络分析方法,通过构建层级模型及结构等价模型,分析涉农信息交流结构及其特征。研究发现,涉农信息网络整体围绕信息权力及行政权力较高的节点呈现中性化趋势,对基层节点信息传递密度较低,说明信息服务对象以政府、经济主管部门为主,而面向基层用户信息的传播效率较差;农业经济信息相关节点地位较高,而科技环境相关节点处于网络边缘,可能对农业生产效率及农业长期持续发展产生不良影响。     

Application of an ecosystem function framework to perceptions of community woodlands

Owners, local residents, government, and conservation organisations can express divergent preferences in the development and management of local woodlands. The perceptions of these four groups were examined, in the context of three community woodlands in Eastern England, using an ecosystem function framework. In a pilot study, residents were able to allocate a relative importance to woodland ecosystem services which were then related to “regulation”, “habitat”, and “production” or “information” functions. However residents also placed importance on negative services or “dis-services” associated with the woodland ecosystem. Therefore a fifth category of “dis-services” was included in the main survey which included 84 local residents, three woodland owners, three government institutions, and six representatives from conservation groups. Each of the four groups placed greatest importance on services associated with habitat (16–39% of the total importance) and information (30–50%) functions suggesting, in this example, mutual interest in the use of woodlands as a habitat or recreational resource. By contrast a potential area of difference was the particularly high importance placed by one owner on dis-services such as fly tipping. In addition the woodland owners placed higher importance (10–20%), than local residents and conservation groups (7–9%), on the productive services of the wood. This suggests a need for communication when production-related operations affect recreation. The ecosystem function framework appears to be a useful approach for highlighting potential tensions and areas of mutual interest in the management of semi-natural ecosystems.     

An evaluation framework for earthquake-responsive land administration

In recent years earthquakes and their secondary hazards have claimed the largest number of lives of all large natural disasters. Some of the world’s most earthquake-prone zones are also areas of high population density. The impact is magnified by vulnerability factors including non-enforcement of building codes, knowledge gaps, urban poverty and poor governance capacity to manage and reduce earthquake risks. Poor security of land tenure and property rights increases the vulnerability of people and affects their ability to respond to natural disasters.Earthquake recovery and reconstruction provides very significant challenges for land agencies, with these challenges differing from one country to the next due to differences in the local context. Drawing on contrasting case studies in Haiti, Nepal and New Zealand this paper identifies the common post-earthquake land administration functions and challenges that may apply to many contexts. These lessons provide land agencies and other key stakeholders with a summary of the challenges an earthquake poses for land administration at different post-disaster stages. We also discuss the policy and regulatory, institutional, operational and preparedness lessons for land administration. From these lessons we propose a framework for evaluating the earthquake-responsiveness of a land administration system. This framework can be used by a land agency in an earthquake prone region, or where an earthquake has recently occurred, to assess what challenges to land administration might occur in the event of an earthquake, and the preparedness of their land administration system.     

Agrarian Poverty,Nutrition and Economic Class – A Study of Gujarat,India

This paper analyses poverty and calorific undernourishment in the Indian state of Gujarat, where high and market‐led industrial growth has resulted in rapid economic improvement. The study is carried out through a combination of secondary and survey‐based data. We conclude that the neoliberal agenda of uncontrolled, outward‐looking growth has not resulted in significant reduction of poverty or malnourishment in rural areas. Furthermore, while land ownership is officially used as a proxy for wealth distribution, class position appears a better predictor of poverty status in the rural areas than landownership per se. At the policy level, there is a need to revive the agrarian economy and create new non‐agricultural assets, and the primary focus in the state must shift to the distribution of created assets rather than a single‐minded focus on growth.     

Does sustainable agricultural growth require a system of innovation? Evidence from Ghana and Burkina Faso

This paper tests the ‘systems of innovation’ hypothesis for a selection of crops in Ghana and Burkina Faso that have shown significant growth in production over an approximately 20-year period. The question is whether such growth can only occur if supported by a system of innovation. Using two indicators (a common understanding on objectives and priorities, and a high level of interactivity), we find little evidence for the existence of anything that might be considered a high functioning system of innovation.     

Local impacts of industrial tree plantations: An empirical analysis in Indonesia across plantation types

The values ascribed to industrial tree plantations are often controversial. Hence knowledge of their perceived impacts is important for improving their integration in rural landscapes. In 2016 we conducted household surveys with 606 respondents living in villages adjacent to acacia, teak and pine plantations across three islands in Indonesia (Java, Borneo, Sumatra). Results show that perceptions toward pine and teak plantations tend to differ from those toward acacia pulpwood plantations in several ways. Pine and teak plantations are perceived to have a higher number and variety of benefits and services, a higher number of positive impacts, a better environmental record, and to present more opportunities to local people for use of plantation land and products for improving rural livelihoods. In addition, we find that villagers around acacia pulpwood plantations tend to seek economic development and infrastructure to open up remote areas, yet their expectations were often only partially met. Recommendations from our analysis include: the role of the State in plantations must be clarified and potentially reinforced; the role of institutions as intermediaries is fundamental; and contributions by communities to design of management plans should be accommodated.     

Upstream demand for water use by new tree plantations imposes externalities on downstream irrigated agriculture and wetlands*

Large‐scale tree plantations in high rainfall upstream areas can reduce fresh water inflows to river systems, thereby imposing external costs on downstream irrigation, stock and domestic water users and wetland interests. We take the novel approach of expressing all benefits and costs of establishing plantations in terms of $ per gigalitre (GL) of water removed annually from river flows, setting upstream demands on the same basis as downstream demands. For the Macquarie Valley, a New South Wales sub‐catchment of Australia’s Murray‐Darling Basin, we project changes in land and water use and changes in economic surpluses under two policy settings: without and with a policy requiring permanent water entitlements to be purchased from downstream parties, before plantation establishment. Without the policy, and given a high stumpage value for trees ($70/m³), upstream gains in economic surplus projected from expanding plantations are $639 million; balanced against $233 million in economic losses by downstream irrigators and stock and domestic water users for a net gain of $406 million, but 345 GL lower mean annual environmental flows. With the policy, smaller gains in upstream economic surplus from trees ($192 million), added to net downstream gains ($138 million) from sale of water, result in gains of $330 million with no reduction in environmental flows. Sustaining the 345 GL flow for a $76 million (406–330) reduction in gains to economic surplus may be seen to cost only $0.22 million/GL; but this is much lower than the market value of the first units of that water to agriculture and forestry.     

Malaria incidence and agricultural efficiency in Uganda

The cost of accessing healthcare can be a major determinant of disease prevalence, which in turn has short‐ and long‐term welfare implications on poor households. In response, governments in developing countries often resort to subsidizing the cost of drugs, which, while perhaps easier to administer, may not always be the most effective way of addressing healthcare cost. In this regard, we analyze the impact of different types of household level health expenses on disease incidence and agricultural production efficiency. We use data from the 2006 Uganda National Household Survey, which covered approximately 7,400 households. The results suggest that a 10% increase in consultation, medicine, and hospitalization expenses would reduce malaria incidence respectively by 35.6%, 20.5%, and 21.3 %, which translates into a 1.1%, 0.6%, and 0.6 % decrease in agricultural inefficiency, respectively. The results indicate that helping poor households meet expenses for consultation through subsidies or eliminating consultation fees has a larger impact on malaria incidence and agricultural productivity among poor rural households than subsidizing the cost of medical drugs, the most common avenue chosen by developing country governments in the fight against the disease.     

国土资源行政管理的若干应用基础理论问题（上）——自然资源属性分析

从自然属性、技术属性、经济属性三个角度分析入手 ,建立了自然资源的科学分类体系。     

实施全球资源战略 保障资源供应安全

实施全球资源战略是经济全球化趋势的客观要求,而经济全球化在为发展中国家提供发展机遇的同时,又对国家安全提出了严峻挑战.本文在阐述我国实施全球资源战略客观性、必要性的基础上,提出了我国实施全球资源战略中防范和抵御全球化负面影响、保障资源供应安全的措施建议.     

重构乡村基层社会生活的实态--一个值得深入考察的徽州古村落宅坦

古村落宅坦位于绩溪西部的崇山峻岭之中 ,胡氏宗族在生存条件极为恶劣的情况下 ,组织族人改造环境 ,使之成为人与自然和谐相处的乡村社会。千百年来 ,在特定的时空条件下 ,经过一系列的社会变迁 ,古村落已形成宗族组织、文化科举和商业的良性互动 ,从而创造了古村落的文明。三者之间宗族居于核心地位。传统中国社会的动乱也会在这里引起反响 ,但是由于宗族聚居的格局使古村落乃至徽州社会具有特殊的应变力 ,直至近代仍保持自身的稳定。宅坦村有着丰富的资料遗存 ,为我们在宅坦从事田野考察、重构古村落的实态 ,提供了必要的前提。可以预见 ,宅坦必将以其丰富的人文内涵为世人所瞩目